scholarly journals Synthetic sugar for sustainable power!

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Combine Carbon ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sustainable Power ◽  
Natural Photosynthesis

Natural photosynthesis allows biological systems to remarkably combine carbon dioxide and water molecules under sunlight to produce energy in the form of stored sugars. The stored sugar is then used by plants and animals to exert vital biological functions. If scientists can find the right protocol and materials to mimic this natural system to produce fermentable sugars, it could be the McCoy sustainable energy source for the future. The objective here is not to recall the photosynthesis mechanism, but to provide a future brief vision for a conceptual application of photosynthesis to produce bioethanol from organic synthetized sugar rather than from plants, which should be saved for human and animal feeding.

scholarly journals Synthetic sugar for sustainable power!

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Combine Carbon ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sustainable Power ◽  
Natural Photosynthesis

Natural photosynthesis allows biological systems to remarkably combine carbon dioxide and water molecules under sunlight to produce energy in the form of stored sugars. The stored sugar is then used by plants and animals to exert vital biological functions. If scientists can find the right protocol and materials to mimic this natural system to produce fermentable sugars, it could be the McCoy sustainable energy source for the future. The objective here is not to recall the photosynthesis mechanism, but to provide a future brief vision for a conceptual application of photosynthesis to produce bioethanol from organic synthetized sugar rather than from plants, which should be saved for human and animal feeding.

scholarly journals Synthetic sugar for sustainable power?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Combine Carbon ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sustainable Power ◽  
Natural Photosynthesis

Natural photosynthesis allows biological systems to combine carbon dioxide and water molecules under sunlight to produce energy in the form of stored sugars. The stored sugar is then used by plants and animals to exert vital biological functions. If scientists can find the right protocol and materials to mimic this natural system to produce fermentable sugars, it could be a McCoy sustainable energy source for the future.

A first-principles study of the atomic layer deposition of ZnO on carboxyl functionalized carbon nanotubes: the role of water molecules

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 3467-3478
Author(s):  
J. I. Paez-Ornelas ◽  
H. N. Fernández-Escamilla ◽  
H. A. Borbón-Nuñez ◽  
H. Tiznado ◽  
Noboru Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Principles ◽  
Ligand Exchange ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
The Right

Atomic description of ALD in systems that combine large surface area and high reactivity is key for selecting the right functional group to enhance the ligand-exchange reactions.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide: making the right connection

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Winton Gibbs ◽  
Ross Hofmeyr
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Influence of Water Molecules on the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Cancer Biomarkers by Nanocomposite Quantum Resistive Vapor Sensors vQRS

Chemosensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Abhishek Sachan ◽  
Mickaël Castro ◽  
Veena Choudhary ◽  
Jean-Francois Feller
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Detection Mechanism ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Vapor Sensors ◽  
Detection Of Biomarkers ◽  
The Right

The anticipated diagnosis of various fatal diseases from the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC) biomarkers of the volatolome is the object of very dynamic research. Nanocomposite-based quantum resistive vapor sensors (vQRS) exhibit strong advantages in the detection of biomarkers, as they can operate at room temperature with low consumption and sub ppm (part per million) sensitivity. However, to meet this application they need to detect some ppm or less amounts of biomarkers in patients' breath, skin, or urine in complex blends of numerous VOC, most of the time hindered by a huge amount of water molecules. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze the effects of moisture on the chemo-resistive sensing behavior of carbon nanotubes based vQRS. We show that in the presence of water molecules, the sensors cannot detect the right amount of VOC molecules present in their environment. These perturbations of the detection mechanism are found to depend on the chemical interactions between water and other VOC molecules, but also on their competitive absorption on sensors receptive sites, located at the nanojunctions of the conductive architecture. This complex phenomenon studied with down to 12.5 ppm of acetone, ethanol, butanone, toluene, and cyclohexane mixed with 100 ppm of water was worth to investigate in the prospect of future developments of devices analysing real breath samples in which water can reach a concentration of 6%.

scholarly journals Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport Characteristics of the Blood of the Nile Monitor Lizard (Varanus Niloticus)

1987 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
JAMES W. HICKS ◽  
ATSUSHI ISHIMATSU ◽  
NORBERT HEISLER
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Affinity ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Transport ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dissociation Curves

Oxygen and carbon dioxide dissociation curves were constructed for the blood of the Nile monitor lizard, Varanus niloticus, acclimated for 12h at 25 and 35°C. The oxygen affinity of Varanus blood was low when Pco2 w a s in the range of in vivo values (25°C: P50 = 34.3 at PCOCO2 = 21 mmHg; 35°C: P50 = 46.2 mmHg at PCOCO2 = 35 mmHg; 1 mmHg = 133.3 Pa), and the oxygen dissociation curves were highly sigmoidal (Hill's n = 2.97 at 25°C and 3.40 at 35°C). The position of the O2 curves was relatively insensitive to temperature change with an apparent enthalpy of oxygenation (ΔH) of −9.2kJ mol−1. The carbon dioxide dissociation curves were shifted to the right with increasing temperature by decreasing total CCOCO2 at fixed PCOCO2, whereas the state of oxygenation had little effect on total blood CO2 content. The in vitro buffer value of true plasma (Δ[HCO3−]pl/-ΔpHpl) rose from 12.0 mequiv pH−1−1 at 25°C to 17.5 mequiv pH−11−1 at 35°C, reflecting a reversible increase of about 30% in haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit levels during resting conditions in vivo.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model of Decomposition of Methane Hydrate during the Injection of Liquid Carbon Dioxide into a Reservoir Saturated with Methane and Its Hydrate

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1482
Author(s):  
Marat K. Khasanov ◽  
Nail G. Musakaev ◽  
Maxim V. Stolpovsky ◽  
Svetlana R. Kildibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Liquid Carbon ◽  
Liquid Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
The Third ◽  
Consistent Description ◽  
The Right

The article describes a mathematical model of pumping of heated liquid carbon dioxide into a reservoir of finite extent, the pores of which in the initial state contain methane and methane gas hydrate. This model takes into account the existence in the reservoir of three characteristic regions. We call the first region “near”, the second “intermediate”, and the third “far”. According to the problem statement, the first region contains liquid CO2 and hydrate, the second region is saturated with methane and water, the third contains methane and hydrate. The main features of mathematical models that provide a consistent description of the considered processes are investigated. It was found that at sufficiently high injection pressures and low pressures at the right reservoir boundary, the boundary of carbon dioxide hydrate formation can come up with the boundary of methane gas hydrate decomposition. It is also shown that at sufficiently low values of pressure of injection of carbon dioxide and pressure at the right boundary of the reservoir, the pressure at the boundary of hydrate formation of carbon dioxide drops below the boiling pressure of carbon dioxide. In this case, for a consistent description of the considered processes, it is necessary to correct the mathematical model in order to take into account the boiling of carbon dioxide. Maps of possible solutions have been built, which show in what ranges of parameters one or another mathematical model is consistent.

scholarly journals Effects of Bicarbonate on the Respiration and Glycolytic Activity of Boar Spermatozoa

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
RN Murdoch ◽  
WD Davis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Glycolytic Activity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

The metabolism of washed boar spermatozoa was studied in the presence and absence of low levels of bicarbonate (6 mM) and carbon dioxide (2 %). Bicarbonate stimulated the oxygen consumption of the spermatozoa but had no apparent effect on glycolysis. The stimulatory effect of bicarbonate on respiration depended on the presence of a utilizable exogenous energy source such as glucose, fructose, lactate, or pyruvate and no stimulation occurred when no substrate was added or when acetate was used as substrate. The response of the spermatozoa to bicarbonate also depended on the presence of adequate concentrations of potassium (5 mM) and to a lesser extent magnesium (1 mM).

In Vivo Visualization of Intracardiac Structures With Gaseous Carbon Dioxide

1956 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Oppenheimer ◽  
T. M. Durant ◽  
H. M. Stauffer ◽  
G. H. Stewart ◽  
P. R. Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Left Heart ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Gas ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
Gaseous Carbon Dioxide ◽  
The Right

Carbon dioxide gas was injected a) intravenously, b) into the left heart, c) into the peripheral end of the carotid artery. Resulting cardiovascular and respiratory changes were observed by cinefluorography and by measurements of pressure pulses in various locations. Blood and respiratory gas changes were also observed. All changes were minimal (seconds duration) when the gas was introduced on the right or left side of the circulation. Injection into the peripheral carotid produced no untoward effects. The gas gave good visualization of valves and great vessels. Body position was not an important factor in mortality and morbidity when carbon dioxide was the gas used for contrast visualization by a cinefluorography x-ray technique. Carbon dioxide is a safe contrast medium to use for in vivo study of intracardiac structures. The gas has been used successfully by intravenous injection in human cases.

scholarly journals The three-dimensional structure of a class-Pi glutathione S-transferase complexed with glutathione: the active-site hydration provides insights into the reaction mechanism

1998 ◽  
Vol 333 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio PÁRRAGA ◽  
Isabel GARCÍA-SÁEZ ◽  
Sinead B. WALSH ◽  
Timothy J. MANTLE ◽  
Miquel COLL
Keyword(s):  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Right

The structure of mouse liver glutathione S-transferase P1-1 complexed with its substrate glutathione (GSH) has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. No conformational changes in the glutathione moiety or in the protein, other than small adjustments of some side chains, are observed when compared with glutathione adduct complexes. Our structure confirms that the role of Tyr-7 is to stabilize the thiolate by hydrogen bonding and to position it in the right orientation. A comparison of the enzyme–GSH structure reported here with previously described structures reveals rearrangements in a well-defined network of water molecules in the active site. One of these water molecules (W0), identified in the unliganded enzyme (carboxymethylated at Cys-47), is displaced by the binding of GSH, and a further water molecule (W4) is displaced following the binding of the electrophilic substrate and the formation of the glutathione conjugate. The possibility that one of these water molecules participates in the proton abstraction from the glutathione thiol is discussed.

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