Deformation Analysis of Bridges in Exceptional Transports in Slovenia

In August 1999 an exceptional transportation of two steamers of 666 tonnes was performed from the Port of Koper to the Nuclear power plant in Krško. The transport covered a distance of about 200km and represented one of the largest exceptional transports in Slovenia ever. Finding the best route represented one of the major issues, because the steamers had to cross more than 50 problematic sections and bridges, most of which have not been designed for such heavy loads. It was necessary to load-test almost all bridges on the route to determine whether those bridges need any extra supports or not. Consequently, a logistic operator has an important and indispensable role and becomes a co-modeller of logistic service. A deformation analysis or a polynomial interpolation of vertical displacements could also be used. Therefore, a laboratory load test of a concrete plate was made. The concrete plate was loaded with hydraulic cylinder PZ 100 with extensiometer up to 21kN. Every increase of load by 3kN was measured with Nikon Ser 800 total station. KEY WORDS: deformation analysis, exceptional transport, bridges in Slovenia

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Effect of Internal Clearance on Buckling of Multistage Hydraulic Cylinder

Defence Science Journal ◽

10.14429/dsj.68.11783 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. Ramasamy ◽

A.M. Junaid Basha

Keyword(s):

Research Work ◽

Hydraulic Cylinder ◽

Buckling Load ◽

Load Test ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Hydraulic Cylinders ◽

Load Tests ◽

Heavy Loads ◽

The Comparative Study ◽

Tube Expansion

Multistage cylinders are generally used to lift and tilt heavy loads under controlled speed. In defence applications multistage cylinders are used in missile tilt platform and antenna mast. Earth moving equipment’s such as tippers, dumpers, cranes and compactors uses multistage cylinders for operations. In the present work multistage hydraulic cylinder (telescopic cylinder) with three stage has been analysed using strain energy method and verified with finite element analysis. The research work investigates the effect of internal clearances which reduces the critical buckling load of hydraulic cylinders. The results are validated by buckling load test. The clearances between the tube to piston guides, gland guide to piston rod, clearances due to tube expansion under pressure, initial curvature in the tube, eccentricity of cylinder components and tube ovality are considered in the buckling load test. Describes the comparative study of buckling load tests of three stage hydraulic cylinders having fixed free and hinged mounting with five different internal clearances.<br /><br />

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Identifying the sensitivity of GPS to non-tidal loadings at various time resolutions: examining vertical displacements from continental Eurasia

GPS Solutions ◽

10.1007/s10291-021-01135-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Anna Klos ◽

Henryk Dobslaw ◽

Robert Dill ◽

Janusz Bogusz

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

System Modeling ◽

Sea Level Changes ◽

Observation Level ◽

Earth System Modeling ◽

Atmospheric Loading ◽

Modeling Group ◽

Vertical Displacements ◽

Almost All

AbstractWe examine the sensitivity of the Global Positioning System (GPS) to non-tidal loading for a set of continental Eurasia permanent stations. We utilized daily vertical displacements available from the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory (NGL) at stations located at least 100 km away from the coast. Loading-induced predictions of displacements of earth’s crust are provided by the Earth-System-Modeling Group of the GFZ (ESMGFZ). We demonstrate that the hydrological loading, supported by barystatic sea-level changes to close the global mass budget (HYDL + SLEL), contributes to GPS displacements only in the seasonal band. Non-tidal atmospheric loading, supported by non-tidal oceanic loading (NTAL + NTOL), correlates positively with GPS displacements for almost all time resolutions, including non-seasonal changes from 2 days to 5 months, which are often considered as noise, intra-seasonal and seasonal changes with periods between 4 months and 1.4 years, and, also, inter-annual signals between 1.1 and 3.0 years. Correcting the GPS vertical displacements by NTAL leads to a reduction in the time series variances, evoking a whitening of the GPS stochastic character and a decrease in the standard deviation of noise. Both lead, on average, to an improvement in the uncertainty of the GPS vertical velocity by a factor of 2. To reduce its impact on the GPS displacement time series, we recommend that NTAL is applied at the observation level during the processing of GPS observations. HYDL might be corrected at the observation level or remain in the data and be applied at the stage of time series analysis.

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Social development of Russian nuclear power plant cities

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk Seriya Geograficheskaya ◽

10.31857/s2587-55662019220-30 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 20-30

Author(s):

V. A. Lazarenko

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Social Development ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Socioeconomic Development ◽

Power Industry ◽

Nuclear Power Industry ◽

Historical Factors ◽

Almost All ◽

The City

The article presents the analysis of the influence of historical factors on the development of Russian cities of nuclear power industry and the genetic types of these cities. Most of these cities are young, their socioeconomic state depends on the city-forming enterprise. The formation and development of nuclear power plant (NPPs) cities went in two ways: the city was built in parallel with the nuclear power plant (e.g., Novovoronezh, Desnogorsk, Kurchatov); the NPP was built near the settlement, and then NPP has influenced on socioeconomic development of the settlement, its employment structure, etc. (Volgodonsk and Balakovo). In USSR/Russia practice, the first way dominated, when an urban-type settlement was built near a NPP, such settlement then intensively grew and developed into a city. There are three types of Russian cities with NPPs: the cities formed and developed before the construction of the NPP; the cities developed due to the operation of NPPs, and the cities created and developed due to the operation of NPPs. It was found that the factor of formation of nuclear power industry in the city is decisive in the social development of almost all cities of NPPs and affects their current state.

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Utilization of Thorium in LWR Fuels Aiming at Thermal Conductivity Improvements

Volume 5: Student Paper Competition ◽

10.1115/icone24-60300 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Kubáň ◽

Radek Škoda

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Uranium Dioxide ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Fuel Pellet ◽

Thorium Dioxide ◽

Heterogeneous Distribution ◽

Thermal Output ◽

Homogenous Distribution ◽

Limiting Parameters ◽

Almost All

One of the main drawbacks of uranium dioxide, which is used in almost all nuclear power reactors, is its low thermal conductivity. As a consequence, temperature at the center of fuel pellet is relatively high, because heat is poorly conducted away. To reach a higher level of safety, maximal temperature in any fuel pellet is one of the main limiting parameters, which restrict the fuel thermal output. This paper deals with the use of thorium in LWR fuels with the objective of fuel pellet maximal temperature reduction. Research investigating homogenous distribution of thorium dioxide (thoria) in uranium dioxide fuel has already been done and did not lead to considerable thermal conductivity improvements. The aim of this study is to investigate heterogeneous distribution of thorium in commonly used uranium dioxide fuel in the form of uranium and thorium pellets placed together.

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Neglect of Differentiation — Loss of Competitive Advantage (Example of Russian Producers of Fittings for NPP)

Scientific Research and Development Economics ◽

10.12737/3651 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 30-33

Author(s):

Плахотникова ◽

E. Plakhotnikova

Keyword(s):

Electric Drive ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Quality Criterion ◽

Delivery Time ◽

Federal Law ◽

Production Potential ◽

Electric Drives ◽

Power Characteristics ◽

Almost All ◽

System Characteristics

Purchase of equipment for a nuclear power plant is carried out by Rosenergoatom concern according to the Federal law No. 223-FZ “About purchases of goods, works, services by separate types of legal entities” dated 18.07.2011. Among the main criteria of assessment are quality, supplier’s reliability, delivery time and price. Considering that in such tenders the reliable suppliers participate which possess of considerable production potential and capable in tight deadlines and approximately equal terms to fabricate and supply an equipment, and that quality criterion is estimated on compliance of technical characteristics which have been set in tender documentation to characteristics specified in suppliers’ demands, the basis for decision-making on a contract award is first of all a price. The price of electro-driving fittings depends on a basic cost of electric drive and shutoff valves. Through a comparative analysis of electrodriving shutoff valves of various producers it has been established that in some cases for management of absolutely identical shutoff valves foreign and domestic producers use the electric drives of various power. The use of more powerful electric drive as an actuation device in Russia considerably increases a system cost and therefore reduces domestic production competitiveness at tender purchases. The reason of competitiveness decrease is connected with incorrectness of fittings’ power characteristics calculation techniques which are used by almost all fittings manufacturers of Russia, and unreasonably overestimated power system characteristics as a result of unification. Revision of expediency of the unification accepted still in the last century can reduce considerably the price of domestic systems of electro-driving shutoff valves and increase the production’s competitiveness and quality.

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A methodology for 7D warping and deformation monitoring using time-lapse seismic data

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.2212227 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. O21-O31 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Stephen A. Hall

Keyword(s):

Displacement Vector ◽

Strain Analysis ◽

Time Lapse ◽

Deformation Monitoring ◽

Deformation Analysis ◽

Local Effects ◽

Image Match ◽

Seismic Image ◽

Vertical Displacements

A methodology is presented for vector analysis of the image displacements (warping) between successive 3D seismic image volumes that provides 7D analysis (including lateral and vertical displacements) of in situ subsurface deformation around hydrocarbon reservoirs. The key challenges are (1) assessment of just vertical shifts is insufficient, and vector displacements should be determined; (2) robust vertical displacements can usually be derived, but lateral shifts are less well defined because of the generally smooth data character in a horizontal/horizon plane; (3) subvoxel resolution is necessary for correct matching and deformation analysis; (4) velocity and strain effects are intrinsically combined in time-lapse seismic images; (5) separation of accumulated and local effects is necessary; (6) apparently coherent and smooth displacement fields do not necessarily provide good strain analysis; (7) warping is easily degraded by noise, and good cross-matching is a prerequisite. To address these challenges, a full 3D, local warp vector derivation methodology is proposed, which involves (1) constraint using prior estimates, (2) local refinement with subvoxel resolution, and (3) 3D and vectorial conditioning using a deformable mesh with sensitivity to image-match quality. The warping approach is extended to separate accumulated from local effects and to analyze in situ deformation based on the displacement vector volume. This is achieved by a finite-element approach to determine an elemental pseudostrain tensor field and an iterative procedure to separate the pseudostrain into velocity and strain components. The approach up to the strain analysis, is demonstrated using a real data example, which indicates the potential of the methodology (accumulated overburden effects are separated to reveal a local compaction signature in the reservoir), but realistic, quantitative values of strain have not yet been realized.

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Experimental Research of Valve Tightness at Different Closure Forces

Nuclear and Radiation Safety ◽

10.32918/nrs.2018.4(80).03 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 14-17

Author(s):

A. V. Koroliov ◽

P. Y. Pavlyshyn ◽

I. V. Bandurko

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Power ◽

Power Plants ◽

Nuclear Power Plants ◽

Valve Closure ◽

Criterial Equation ◽

Experimental Data Processing ◽

Rotational Moment ◽

Valve Leakage ◽

Incomplete Closure ◽

Almost All

Power valves are installed on almost all the pipelines of nuclear power plants performing the functions of regulation and shutting off the flow, so its failure often leads to emergencies. A particularly large number of failures is observed in motor-operated valves. Incorrect setting of the limiting clutch leads either to incomplete closure of the valve or to rod failure. Therefore, the valves are equipment of a nuclear power plant, which often falls into repair shops. Failures leading to an increase of valve leakage are especially dangerous for nuclear power plants. In this case, leakage of high-pressure valves leads to erosion of the sealing surfaces, which only increases the leakage. Thus, it is very important to determine the optimum rotational value when the valve is closed. The lack of conditions for closure force in the standards for valve leakage complicates the issue. A bench that allows working in the air with a pressure up to 3.5 MPa was developed on valve rod to study dependence of valve leakage on the rotational moment. Four independent parameters were measured: air pressure in front of the valve under study, closure force of the valve, volume of air loss through the valve and leakage time. A standard stop valve with a nominal diameter of 15 mm and a nominal pressure of 64 atm was used for the study. The determined dependence of the leakage on torque value allows recommending a gentler mode of valve closure without significantly reducing its tightness. As a result of experimental data processing, a criterial equation is obtained linking a leakage rate, pressure drop on the valve and a rotational moment value. The received criterial equation will allow defining the compromise between valve closure force and permissible leak level according to regulatory requirements. The analysis of the “leakage/rotational moment” diagram showed the possibility to reveal the damaged valves. This possibility may be used during the incoming inspection of the valves supplied to NPP, which should significantly improve the reliability of their operation.

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Uranium Exploration, Deposit and Resources: The Key of Nuclear Power Plant Development Program in Indonesia

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2048/1/012003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2048 (1) ◽

pp. 012003

Author(s):

H Syaeful ◽

I G Sukadana ◽

Y S B Susilo ◽

F D Indrastomo ◽

A G Muhammad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Power ◽

Power Plants ◽

Development Program ◽

Indonesian Archipelago ◽

Uranium Fuel ◽

Uranium Exploration ◽

Mineral Production ◽

Area North ◽

The 1960S ◽

Almost All

Abstract Uranium deposit in Indonesia was found in almost all Indonesian Archipelago, mainly in Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Papua, Bangka Belitung and Riau islands. Uranium exploration activities started in the 1960s to recent, conducted in many exploration stages. The exploration in prospects area are completed with drilling activities to delineate the mineralization zone and continued to resources estimation. In Kalan Area, the research had been completed with underground/tunneling mining. The uranium resources are classified into discovered or undiscovered based on exploration stages, and conventional or unconventional based on sources of primary/secondary/by-product mineral production. The resources are calculated from Kalan Area and its surroundings (Kalimantan) with addition of Mamuju Area (West Sulawesi) and Sibolga Area (North Sumatera). Uranium identified resource in Indonesia is 13,503 tU while the undiscovered is 62,330 tU. Meanwhile, categorized by uranium source, the conventional and unconventional resources are 48,388 tU and 27,445 tU respectively. The uranium resources categories should be increased and completed with feasibility study to increase the resources to reserve classification. The exploration, deposit, and resources are the key to ensure the readiness of developing nuclear power plants in Indonesia, where one of them is Experimental Power Reactor (EPR) or Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE) with domestic uranium fuel.

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Caracterización de propiedades físico-mecánicas de rocas ígneas utilizadas en obras de infraestructura

Revista ALCONPAT ◽

10.21041/ra.v3i2.49 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 129-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Navarrete ◽

W. Martínez Molina ◽

E. M. Alonso-Guzmán ◽

C. Lara-Gómez ◽

J. A. Bedolla-Arroyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

High Reliability ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Point Load ◽

Load Test ◽

Economical Method ◽

Stone Materials ◽

Properties Of Materials ◽

Para Determinar ◽

Almost All

RESUMENLos materiales pétreos se emplean actualmente en casi todos los procesos edificatorios y debido a esto se les realizan diferentes pruebas, pudiendo ser tanto físicas como mecánicas; en éstas, el ensayo de carga puntual normado por ASTM D 5731, describe el empleo del equipo Point Load para determinar la resistencia mecánica en rocas no labradas, con tamaño aproximado de 4 pulgadas de diámetro, determinándose características mecánicas con alta confiabilidad y facilidad; es método económico porque el equipo se puede llevar al sitio o (banco) cantera, no siendo necesario labrar los especímenes. Si además se realizan pruebas físicas como humedad actual, absorción, densidad y gravedad específica, estos resultados ayudan a conocer mejor el comportamiento mecánico de los materiales pétreos, pudiéndose lograr beneficios económicos reflejados en la elaboración del concreto, tanto hidráulico como asfáltico. En este trabajo también se comparan las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de los bancos de materiales de la región de Morelia, Michoacán, México.Palabras Clave: Materiales pétreos; Point Load; muestra no labrada.ABSTRACTStone materials are currently used in almost all building processes and because of this they perform different tests can be both physical and mechanical , in these, the load test regulated by ASTM D 5731 , describes the use of the instrument Point Load to determine the mechanical strength unhewn rocks , with approximate size of 4 inches in diameter , determining mechanical properties with high reliability and ease , it is economical method because the team can take the site or ( bank) quarry , not necessary till the specimens. If further tests are physical and current humidity, absorption, density, specific gravity, these results help to better understand the mechanical behavior of the stone, being able to achieve an economy, as in the preparation of concrete, hydraulically and asphalt. This paper also compares the physical and mechanical properties of materials banks in the region of Morelia, Michoacan, MexicoKeywords: stone materials; Point Load; sample worked.

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Geodetic Measurement of Vertical Displacements (Illustrated with the Slovenian Viaduct)

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.913 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 725-726 ◽

pp. 913-921 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Boštjan Kovačič ◽

Rok Kamnik ◽

Nikolay Vatin

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Load Test ◽

Field Observations ◽

Geodetic Measurement ◽

Basic Goal ◽

Vertical Displacements ◽

Analysis Of Results ◽

Load Tests ◽

Geometric Changes ◽

Displacement Measurements

Today there are a lot of sophisticated methods to measure and analyse a bridge during load tests as a GPS, photogrammetric measurements, laser scanning, etc., The use of an classical techniques as trigonometric hights is still good enough for most demanding field observations. In practice control measurements are performed with the help of geodetic measurements, of which the basic goal is to capture any geometric changes in the measured object, or its displacements and deformations are found. In this article the use of trigonometric hights during a load test on the biggest Slovenian viaduct “Črni Kal” is introduced, displacement measurements on the viaduct and an analysis of results, with particular stress on the accuracy of the calculations.

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