scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of Syzigium cumini leaf extracts against multidrug resistant pathogenic bacteria

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Leaf Extracts

Biochemical Composition, Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Indian Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Mulat ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Archana Pandita
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Agar Disc

Background: Medicinal plants have been used for treatments of various health ailments and the practices as a remedial back to thousands of years. Currently, plant-derived compounds used as alternative ways of treatment for multidrug-resistant pathogens. Objective: In the present study, various parts of six medical plants such as Solanum nigrum, Azadirachta indica, Vitex negundo, Mentha arvensis, Gloriosa superba, and Ocimum sanctum were extracted for obtaining biological active constituents. Methods: Soxhlet method of extraction was used for obtaining crude extracts. Agar disc diffusion and 96-well plate spectroscopic reading were used to detect the extract’s antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. Results: The obtained extracts were tested for antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties at 25 mg/mL concentrations. Maximum antibacterial activity was observed in O. sanctum chloroform extract (TUCE) against Staphylococcus aureus (24.33±1.52 mm), S. nigrum acetone extract (MAAC) against Salmonella Typhimurium (12.6 ± 1.5 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.0 ±2.0 mm). Only TUCE exhibited antibacterial activity at least a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.781 mg/mL. Better antibiofilm activities were also exhibited by petroleum extracts of G. superba (KAPE) and S. nigrum (MAPE) against Escherichia coli, S. Typhimurium, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Moreover, S. nigrum acetone extract (MAAC) and O. sanctum chloroform extract (TUCE) were showed anti-swarming activity with a reduction of motility 56.3% against P. aeruginosa and 37.2% against S. aureus. MAAC also inhibits Las A activity (63.3% reduction) in P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: Extracts of TUCE, MAAC, MAPE, and KAPE were exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. GCMS identified chemical constituents are responsible for being biologically active.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Xanthium Strumarium L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Devkota ◽  
Ritu Kumari Das
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Antibacterial activities of Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae) was carried out in laboratory. Distilled water and methanol extracts of the leaves of plant was prepared. The antibacterial activity was studied against six pathogenic bacteria, three gram negative: Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 15380), Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 49132), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and three gram positive: Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25932) at different concentrations (50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 150 mg/ml, 200 mg/ ml, 250 mg/ml) of leaf extracts of X. strumurium. The phytochemical screening depicted the presence of terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. The antibacterial activity of extracts was determined by disc diffusion method and zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured. Gram negative bacteria was found more resistant than gram positive bacteria. The most susceptible bacterium was S. aureus while the most resistant bacterium was E. coli. Methanolic extract was found more effective than distilled water. These findings suggest that extracts obtained from leaves of X. strumurium possess biobactericidal potential, which can suitably be exploited for making antibacterial drugs.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 29, 2015, Page: 70-77

scholarly journals Gc-Ms Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Mangosteen Leaf Extracts against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (07) ◽  
pp. 1013-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qamar Mohammed Naji Alsultan ◽  
Kamaruzaman Sijam ◽  
Tavga Sulaiman Rashid ◽  
Khairulmazmi Bin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ms Analysis

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Phytochemical and Antibacterial characteristics of leaf extracts of Xanthium strumarium L. against Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 725-729
Author(s):  
Antu Kurrey ◽  
Lata Sharma ◽  
Shishir Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Maximum Inhibition

Plants are one of the large sources of herbal medicines. Many plants have the capability to produce some bioactive constituents which give defense against microorganisms like bacteria and fungi and also from insects. Xanthium strumarium L. is a wild plant that grows like a weed. Leaves of  Xanthium strumarium L. were subjected for extraction in 4 different solvents viz. methanol, chloroform, aqueous, and ethanol. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of methanol, chloroform, aqueous, and ethanol extracts prepared from leaves of  Xanthium strumarium L. The antibacterial activity was assessed by using the agar well diffusion assay against tested bacterial strain, Escherichia coli (CGSC 4312) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 9634). Phytochemical analysis has revealed that  Xanthium strumarium L. has most of the significant phytoconstituents like Saponins, Terpenoids, Flavanoids, Phenol, steroids, Anthraquinones, Tannins,  Alkaloids,  Glycosides, and Carbohydrate. The zone of inhibition was measured and compared by standard antibiotic streptomycin. The outcome of the present work showed that chloroform extract (400µg/ml) showed maximum inhibition against E. Coli (23mm), and Ethanol extract(400µg/ml) showed maximum inhibition against Bacillus subtilis (24mm). The result divulged the presence of antibacterial activity of different extracts of Xanthium strumarium L.against human pathogenic bacteria. Thus, this plant has many active compounds that can be used for the development of various potent drugs.

scholarly journals In-vitro antibacterial activity of Rhus javanica against multidrug-resistant uro-pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Bhavan Saud ◽  
T. Paudel ◽  
T. Sharma ◽  
M. Gyawali ◽  
G. Dhungana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern

Background and Objectives: Antibiotic resistance is emerging as a major public health concern. From the ancient time in history, different plants and herbs have been known to have medicinal value. Rhus javanica has been found to show antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Thus, present study is designed to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection causing bacterial pathogens, its antibiogram and effect of Rhus javanica in standard in-vitro condition against multidrug-resistant. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in urinary tract infection suspected patients visiting a clinic in Kalimati, Kathmandu, from July to December 2017. A total of 133 midstream urine samples were collected and cultured in MacConkey agar and Blood agar media and isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guideline. Leaves extract of Rhus javanica was obtained by maceration using 50.0% methanol and susceptibility testing was performed by using cork borer method in Mueller-Hinton agar. Results: Out of total 133 samples, 35.3%showed significant bacterial growth (i.e. 105 cfu/ml) on agar plate. The most predominant organism was Escherichia coli 17.3%, followed by Enterococcus faecalis 6.8%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.8%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.0%, Proteus vulgaris 2.3%, and Staphylococcus aureus 2.3%. Out of 47 isolates, 53.2% were Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Various concentrations of the crude extract used (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) showed susceptibility to all the bacterial pathogens isolated, with the diameter of zone of inhibition ranging from 12 to 28 mm. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Rhus javanica showed antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant isolates of bacterial uropathogens in standard in-vitro condition.

scholarly journals Extracellular Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles—Antibacterial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Strains

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajanan Ghodake ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Jung-Suk Sung ◽  
Surendra Shinde ◽  
Jiwook Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Membrane Function ◽  
Extracellular Synthesis

Herein, we report the use of a cell-free extract for the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their potential to address the growing threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria. The reproducibility of AgNP synthesis was good and AgNP formation kinetics were monitored as a function of various reaction factors via ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. This green method was dependent on the alkaline pH of the reaction mixture. With the addition of dilute sodium hydroxide, well-dispersed AgNPs could be produced in large quantities via the classical nucleation and growth route. The new biosynthetic route enabled the production of AgNPs within a narrow size range of 4 to 17 nm. The AgNPs were characterized using various techniques and their antibacterial activity against MDR pathogenic bacteria was evaluated. Field-emission scanning electron microscopic imaging revealed prominent morphological changes in Staphylococcus aureus cells due to mechanical damage, which led to cell death. Escherichia coli cells showed signs of contraction and intracellular fluid discharge as a consequence of disrupted cell membrane function. This new biologically-assisted extracellular strategy is potentially useful for the decontamination of surfaces and is expected to contribute to the development of new products containing AgNPs.

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