scholarly journals Comparison of the Significance of Clusters for Increasing Business Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-189
Author(s):  
Eva Stichhauerova ◽  
Miroslav Zizka ◽  
Natalie Pelloneova
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Cluster Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Positive Effect

This article focuses on the impact of clusters on performance in five selected industries. Focused on increasing the competitiveness of regions and enterprises, clusters are currently considered one of the most essential tools of industrial policy. This includes the Czech Republic, where cluster initiatives have been systematically supported since 2004 by operational programmes. The goal of this research was to determine whether cluster organizations have a positive effect on the performance of their member enterprises in various industries. Another goal was to verify the relation between the financial and innovative performance of the member enterprises. The research was carried out on a sample of five clusters in the automotive, IT, furnituremanufacturing, packaging and machinery industries, with Data Envelopment Analysis used for this performance evaluation. The enterprises were divided into three groups: companies that are members of cluster organizations, companies that are active in the same region and industry but are not members of a cluster group, and companies from the respective industry that operate outside the region of the given cluster. The results of the study indicate that in four industries (automotive, IT, packaging, machinery), member companies of cluster organizations achieve better results than non-members or firms active in other regions. On the other hand, it was not possible to prove a positive relation between company performance and their registered industrial rights, neither from the perspective of cluster membership nor their activity in the respective industry and region.

scholarly journals The impact of cluster networking on business performance of Croatian wood cluster members

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-61
Author(s):  
Ivana Rašić Bakarić
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract This paper investigates the link between cluster membership and performance of clustered companies. The object of the study is the Croatian Wood Cluster (CWC). The paper presents the results of a survey of 34 members of the Croatian Wood Cluster operating in wood and furniture industries. The survey was conducted in order to identify and analyse perceptions and attitudes of CWC members towards CWC objectives, activities and performance; the cooperation strength among cluster members and that with the players outside the cluster; the effects of clustering on the operational performance of the clustered SMEs; business and economic setting in Croatia, barriers for the work of the CWC and the relevancy of government policy measures. The empirical results indicate that the economic performance of the clustered companies is significantly predicted by the cooperation with public institutions, financial institutions and professional associations (such as the Agency for Investments and Competitiveness) provided by the CWC and by the access to cluster resources such as horizontal cooperation, fairs, exhibitions etc. Additionally, an access to credit, customers and competitors shows a significant positive effect on finance-based performance of the clustered companies. On the other hand, cooperation among cluster members and cooperation with scientific, high education and research institutions show no significant relationship with the company performance.

The impact of supply chain fit on business and innovation performance in Brazilian companies

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Zimmermann ◽  
Luis Miguel D.F. Ferreira ◽  
Antonio Carrizo Moreira ◽  
Ana Cristina Barros ◽  
Henrique Luiz Correa
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Demand Uncertainty ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThis paper investigates the effect of the fit between supply and demand uncertainty (SDU) and supply chain responsiveness (SCR) (SC fit) on business and innovation performance in Brazilian companies.Design/methodology/approachThe study presented an analysis carried out on an empirical study based on a sample of 150 manufacturing companies. Business and innovation performance of companies with different types of SC fit ( high–high and low–low fits) and misfit (positive and negative) are compared and discussed.FindingsThe results indicated that SC fit had a positive effect on both business and innovation performance. Further analyses suggested that companies with SC fit present similar business performance, independent of the level of SDU that characterizes the environment where they compete, while companies in environments with higher levels of uncertainty tend to present superior innovation performance. Companies with positive and negative misfit present similar performance.Originality/valueAn analysis of the literature showed that there is no consensus when it comes to the definitions and measurements of SC fit. The paper investigates the effects of SC fit on business and innovation performance, while previous empirical studies have mainly addressed its impact on financial performance. Moreover, this study compares the effects of two types of fit and two types of misfit and assesses SC fit in Brazilian manufacturing companies, analyzing the context of an under-researched reality.

Interfunctional Coordination at Hi-Tech Firms

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Kanovska ◽  
Eva Tomaskova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Market Orientation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
External Environment ◽  
New Method ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

The paper is focused on the determination of new knowledge about interfunctional coordination. Interfunctional coordination was defined at the beginning of 90s. It is the coordination of all company activities leading to the increase of business performance. Interfunctional coordination is connected with market orientation. It is one of necessary principle of market orientation. It is not possible to use market orientation without interfunctional coordination. Market orientation is based on marketing conception. The first detailed studies were offered by Kohli and Jaworski (1990) and Narver and Slater (1990). Market orientation is described as a method helping to contribute better managing of a company by many researchers. A lot of papers on this topic were publicized during the last two decades. The earliest papers involved the first definitions of market orientation; offered methods for its measuring; and investigated the impact of market orientation on business performance. The last attitudes towards market orientation agree that market orientation enables managers to focus on external and internal elements and activities, which influence the activity of a company leading to its performance increase (Tomaskova, 2009). At present, we have a lot of methods used for the measuring of market orientation. Using a proper method depends on the branch or economic system. The perception of the implementation of market orientation is changing during the period, as well. However, the main principle is still the same – market orientation has a positive impact on business performance. Nowadays, a lot of authors deal with the implementation of market orientation. Because of this reason, we have prepared research “Research on implementation on market orientation in Hi-Tech Firms” (GA 402/07/1493). The goal of the research was to detect barriers of the implementation of market orientation. We divided the barriers of the implementation into three parts according to managers’ influence in an internal, branch and external environment. State, economy and technologies are named as the main elements of external environment. The main barriers connected with the elements of branch environment are quality and quantity of branch stakeholders. Barriers of internal environment involve the barriers connected with the top management and its personality, skills, knowledge and experiences, all employees of a company and interfunctional coordination. The paper deals with the interfunctional coordination at hi-tech firms. The objective of the paper is to define barriers connected with interfunctional coordination and to detect the perception and importance of interfunctional coordination at hi-tech firms. The theoretical knowledge is noticed in some research studies. The data was acquired by means of a questionnaire. New Method measured market orientation in a company. The questionnaire New Method with 7-point Likert scale constituted by Tomaskova (2005) was used for the research. The complete database was analysed by using standard statistical methods (correlation analysis, Spearman correlation coefficient, chi-square) as well as other sophisticated techniques (Cronbach alpha). The main results of the research show that the level of market orientation at the hi-tech firms in the Czech Republic is high and confirm how important is gaining information and using this information inside the company for market orientation. The main results of the research confirm that interfunctional coordination is the base of market orientation. Hi-tech firms in the Czech Republic perceive interfunctional coordination as very necessary presumption for their future development and prosperity. The highest rate for this part received the following statements confirming positive company attitude for innovation, preference for teamwork and mutual cooperation in firms and also effort to be flexible. On the other hand, the lowest average rate had the statement describing relations between superiors and subordinates and their strictness and formalness.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.23.1.1224

scholarly journals Konkurence mezi školami a výsledky žáků v České republice: pohled zblízka na šetření PISA 2012

Pedagogika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Dvořák ◽  
Jana Straková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
School Choice ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
School Competition ◽  
Pisa 2012 ◽  
School Variables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Demographic Background ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstrakt: Reformy založené na zavádění tržních principů do vzdělávání zatím spíše zklamaly očekávání, že povedou k celkovému zlepšení vzdělávacích výsledků žáků. Mezinárodní šetření PISA 2012 tento poznatek rovněž potvrdilo. Avšak v případě České republiky byly publikovány výsledky uvádějící, že i po zohlednění socioekonomických a demografických rozdílů mezi žáky a dalších relevantních faktorů na úrovni škol dosahují lepších výsledků v matematice žáci v těch školách, které jsou vystaveny větší lokální konkurenci. Náš článek představuje kritickou revizi těchto výsledků. Vyšli jsme ze stejných datových souborů z šetření PISA a použili jsme dvouúrovňové modely, kde první úroveň byla žákovská a druhá školní. Pokud model (na rozdíl od postupu uplatněného autory šetření PISA) zohledňovat skutečnost, že ve vzorku jsou zastoupeny základní školy, víceletá gymnázia a střední školy, pak zdánlivý účinek konkurence mezi školami vymizel. Konkurence mezi školami jednoho typu tedy ani v České republice nevede k lepším znalostem a dovednostem žáků v matematice. Klíčová slova: volba školy, konkurence mezi školami, výsledky žáků, matematika, Česká republika, PISA.Klíčová slova: volba školy, soutěž mezi školami, výsledky žáků, matematika, Česká republika, PISAAbstract: Several studies have shown that market-based reforms of education, on average, do not improve the pupil performance across or within national school systems. The PISA 2012 survey found, however, that in the Czech Republic the schools that compete with other neibourghing schools for pupils tend to perform better in mathematics even after accounting for the socio-economic and demographic background of pupils and for relevant school characteristics (OECD, 2013). In our study, we re-evaluate this result. The impact of school variables on student achievement was studied using the PISA datasets and two-level models with pupils at the first level and schools at the second level. After accounting for different types of secondary schools in the Czech school sample, the apparent positive effect of school competition disappeared.Keywords: school choice, school competition, achivement, mathematics, Czech Republic, PISA

scholarly journals Business performance assessment of small and medium-sized enterprises: Evidence from the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-439
Author(s):  
Vojtech Stehel ◽  
Jakub Horak ◽  
Tomas Krulicky
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Result ◽  
Risk Free Rate ◽  
The Given ◽  
Free Rate

Business performance assessment is one of the basic tasks of management. Business performance can be assessed using a number of methods. The basic ones include financial analysis, Balanced Scorecard or Economic Value Added (EVA). The paper is focused on SME business performance assessment based on Economic Value Added, calculated using the INFA build-up model. According to this method, companies were divided into four categories. The first category included companies with a positive EVA value. The second category included companies with negative EVA, but with the economic result above the risk-free rate. The third category included companies with a positive economic result above the risk-free rate. The fourth category included companies with a negative economic result. The model did not include companies with negative equity. The input represented 15 predictors based on their financial statements. The data were normalized and all extreme values, likely caused by a data rewriting error, were removed. Company performance is visualized by comparing Principal Component Analysis and Kohonen neural networks. Compared to similar research, the methods are compared using the data that analyzes the performance of companies. Both methods made it possible to visualize the given task. With regard to the purpose of facilitating the interpretation of the results, for the given case, the use of PC seems to be more appropriate. AcknowledgmentThis study has been supported by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic under project No TL01000349.

scholarly journals Public Transport to the Airport and Its Influence on Handling Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Slobodan Stojić ◽  
Vladimir Pazdro ◽  
Roman Vokáč
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Airport Security ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

The paper focuses on several possibilities of the mass public transport to the airport, including analyses of the expected impact on the various airport processes. Within the article, three main transportation system types will be described and compared. Firstly, the problem regarding current bus transfer system to the Václav Havel airport Prague will be analyzed. According to the analysis results the focus now turns to the description of the potential influence of the introduction of the new transfer systems, including the impact on the airport security and passport control process, and other procedures, which include some kind of a queuing process. This airport was chosen as the biggest airport in the Czech Republic, which in today and future business environment could expect problems related to the public transport of the passengers to and from the airport. Besides the description of the current structure, the paper tries to elaborate issues such as calculation of the queue waiting times and to propose a new system, more suitable for the given conditions. Results of the research include various calculations, such dependence of a modal split and intervals of the waiting times within a check-in process.

Does the Financial Self-sufficiency of Municipalities Affect Efficiency of the Museums which they Founded? (A Case Study from the Czech Republic)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Plaček ◽  
František Ochrana ◽  
Milan Půček ◽  
Milan Křápek ◽  
David Špaček
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes and discusses the impact of fiscal decentralization on the efficiency of museums run by municipalities. It tests the hypothesis that municipalities with higher levels of income self-sufficiency can more efficiently manage museums than municipalities with lower levels of financial self-sufficiency. For our analysis, we used financial data for the years 2015 to analyze the efficiency of museums using data envelopment analysis (DEA). To test the hypothesis about the impact of financial self-sufficiency, we use regression analysis. The results obtained did not confirmed the hypothesis.

scholarly journals Strategic orientations and digital marketing tactics in cross-border e-commerce: Comparing developed and emerging markets

2020 ◽  
pp. 026624262096265
Author(s):  
Sjoukje PK Goldman ◽  
Hester van Herk ◽  
Tibert Verhagen ◽  
Jesse WJ Weltevreden
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Marketing Tactics ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Strategic Orientations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

In this article, the impact of strategic orientations on the use of digital marketing tactics and, subsequently, on the international business performance of small electronic retailers (e-retailers) in cross-border electronic commerce (e-commerce) is analysed. Furthermore, these relationships are compared between e-retailers originating in both developed and emerging e-commerce markets. Using a sample of 446 small business-to-consumer e-retailers from 20 European countries, we find that the deployment of digital marketing tactics has a positive effect on international business performance. Of the strategic orientations examined, foreign market orientation is most associated with the use of digital marketing tactics. Remarkably, growth orientation only has a positive effect on e-retailers from developed e-commerce markets, while customer orientation negatively affects e-retailers from emerging e-commerce markets. The differences between e-retailers from developed and emerging e-commerce markets are prominent and show that markets should not be considered as either uniform or generalisable.

The impact of quality management practices on performance: an empirical study

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Singh Patyal ◽  
Maddulety Koilakuntla
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Practices ◽  
Manufacturing Organizations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between quality management (QM) and performance, specifically how the infrastructure and core QM practices affect quality and business performance, in Indian manufacturing organizations. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the empirical data were drawn from 262 manufacturing organizations in India. The research model was tested using the structural equation modeling technique. Findings The findings of the empirical study revealed that infrastructure QM practices have a positive effect on core QM practices and indirectly on quality performance, whereas, core QM practices have a positive effect on quality performance. Also, quality performance has a positive effect on business performance. Research limitations/implications This study considered QM from two dimensions (infrastructure and core quality practices), the study further contributes to the understanding of the different roles played by diverse QM dimensions in determining business performance in terms of increased return on investment, shareholder and stakeholder value. Practical implications The study showed that infrastructure quality practices support the application of core quality practices. Therefore, managers must develop and maintain their organization’s quality system and sufficient resources need to be allocated to both types of practices in order to achieve the superior business performance. Originality/value This study considers both total quality management and Six Sigma practices for defining a new set of infrastructure and core QM practices in Indian manufacturing organizations.

scholarly journals The Efficiency of Circular Economies: A Comparison of Visegrád Group Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1680
Author(s):  
Roman Lacko ◽  
Zuzana Hajduová ◽  
Marcin Zawada
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Current Topic ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
A Current

Efficiency of circular economies is one of the most important areas of the improvement of economic growth in a circular way, that is, improving worldwide GDP. The issue of circular economies, namely their efficiency, is a current topic of evidence of many literary sources in the literature. This issue is solved in the conditions of the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary and Slovakia. The goal of the study is to compare the circular efficiency within the Visegrád Group and efficiency of Visegrád Group countries to the European Union 28 average. Data envelopment analysis slack-based models are implemented to evaluate the output efficiencies of the selected subjects. Truncated regression is used to measure the impact of selected indicators on circular efficiency. The Visegrád Group countries are not among the most advanced in terms of recycling and the use of the circular economy, which was confirmed by this research. However, developments suggest significant improvements. The significance of this research lies in several benefits. One of the benefits is the perception of regional differences and the setting of EU cluster policies at the regional level. The idea of changing inputs is very significant since the outputs are oriented to the recycling rates of materials and waste. This research has shown that a higher level of GDP does not necessarily mean a higher level of efficiency of the circular economy.

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