scholarly journals Walking on broken glass: gender as predictor of job precariousness among young people in Spain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Solano Lucas ◽  
Marcos Bote Díaz ◽  
Juan Antonio Clemente Soler ◽  
José Ángel Matínez López ◽  
Lola Frutor Balibrea
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Young People ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Hierarchical Segmentation ◽  
Contract Duration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Precarious Jobs

Previous evidence reveals that socioeconomic factors, such as contract duration, occupation, activity sector, age, training, nationality, marital status or gender, lead to precariousness. This research looks into the intersectionality of inequalities in order to explain the impact of precariousness among young people based on gender. Data from the Spanish Labor Force Survey (EPA) from 2005 to 2016 has been analyzed using logistic regression and hierarchical segmentation. Results suggest that the economic crisis has widened the gender gap in precarious jobs, such that currently, young women are more likely to face precarious situations as compared to young men.

Influence of traditional Vietnamese culture on the utilisation of mainstream health services for sexual health issues by second-generation Vietnamese Australian young women

Sexual Health ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Rawson ◽  
Pranee Liamputtong
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sexual Health Care ◽  
Cultural Mores ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vietnamese Culture

Background: The present paper discusses the impact the traditional Vietnamese culture has on the uptake of mainstream health services for sexual health matters by Vietnamese Australian young women. It is part of a wider qualitative study that explored the factors that shaped the sexual behaviour of Vietnamese Australian young women living in Australia. Methods: A Grounded Theory methodology was used, involving in-depth interviews with 15 Vietnamese Australian young women aged 18 to 25 years who reside in Victoria, Australia. Results: The findings demonstrated that the ethnicity of the general practitioner had a clear impact on the women utilising the health service. They perceived that a Vietnamese doctor would hold the traditional view of sex as held by their parents’ generation. They rationalised that due to cultural mores, optimum sexual health care could only be achieved with a non-Vietnamese health professional. Conclusion: It is evident from the present study that cultural influences can impact on the sexual health of young people from culturally diverse backgrounds and in Australia’s multicultural society, provision of sexual health services must acknowledge the specific needs of ethnically diverse young people.

TIMING OF SEXUAL DEBUT AMONG UNMARRIED YOUTHS AGED 15–24 YEARS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Amo-Adjei ◽  
Derek Anamaale Tuoyire
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
The Impact

SummaryThis study aimed to contribute to the evidence on the timing of sexual debut in young people in sub-Saharan African countries. Data were extracted from 34 nationally representative surveys conducted in the region between 2006 and 2014. The study sample comprised unmarried women (n=167,932) and men (n=76,900) aged 15–24 years. Descriptive techniques and Cox proportional regression models were used to estimate the timing of sexual debut, and Kaplan–Meier hazard curves were used to describe the patterns of sexual debut in each country by sex. For the countries studied, sexual debut for both women and men occurred between the ages of 15 and 18 years, with median ages of 16 for women and 17 for men. Overall, education and household wealth provided significant protection against early sexual debut among women, but the reverse was found among men for wealth. Women in rural areas, in female-headed households and in Central, South and West Africa reported higher hazards of early commencement of sexual activity than their counterparts in urban, male-headed households and East Africa. However, the impact of these variables on male sexual debut did not follow a consistent pattern. Varied timing, as well as country-specific risk factors associated with sexual debut for young women and men across sub-Saharan Africa, were identified. Sexual health programmes and interventions for young people may require different approaches for young women and men.

Gender and self-employment: the role of mini-companies

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vegard Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Perceived Desirability ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate to what degree participation in mini-companies impact young women and men with regard to the perceived desirability and perceived feasibility of self-employment. The Company Programme (CP) is the largest mini-company scheme in European secondary school. Design/methodology/approach – The data derived from a survey conducted in Norway with 1,160 students in upper secondary school (17-18 years of age). The quasi-experimental research design enabled a comparison of compulsory CP-participants with non-participation and control for several competing factors. Findings – The investigation demonstrated that CP positively influenced the perceived feasibility of self-employment for both young men and young women, and CP also increased the perceived desirability of self-employment among young women. Research limitations/implications – It could be that the impact of CP varies according to time spent on the CP or position in the mini-company. The study does not measure whether CP-participants actually create a business. Practical implications – Central to explaining the stronger impact on young women is a particular concern with female entrepreneurship in CP. The majority of CEOs in mini-companies are young women, and all women that manage mini-companies can participate in the coaching programme “Girls and Leadership”. Social implications – CP-participation could boost the chance of individuals attempting to start a business at a later point in their lives. In the longer run, CP could contribute to reducing the gender gap in self-employment. Originality/value – Investigating some of the impacts of CP in a gender perspective, this paper adds a fresh viewpoint to the state of knowledge about entrepreneurship education in secondary schools.

scholarly journals The impact of economic crisis on holidays of young people

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xanthippi Chapsa ◽  
Persefoni Polychronidou
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The Impact

A psychological study of homeless young women

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Gael Meadowcroft ◽  
Denise Charman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Conduct Disordered ◽  
Time Out ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact

AbstractLittle is known about individual differences in homeless young women.The aim of this study was to investigate these differences in an Australian context and to examine specifially the impact of level of completed education and length of time spent homeless.Two groups of homeless young women aged between 16 and 19 years were contacted through outreach, housing, and juvenile justice workers. A conduct disordered (CD) group (n = 15) and a not-conduct disordered (NCD) group (n = 16) completed a demographic questionnaire as well as six CPI subscales of responsibility, socialization, tolerance, achievement via conformance, good impression, and well-being. Their CPI profiles were significantly lower and different in pattern to an American female CD profile. A one-way MANOVA showed that the CD group had lower mean scores on all subscales than the NCD group. Logistic regression showed that the socialization subscale predicted group membership. Socialization differences between CD and NCD groups of homeless young women were linked to level of completed educotion rather than to length of time out of home. Higher levels of completed education were associated with absence of conduct disorder and greater socialization. These results support previous research showing that homeless young women are at risk of endangering their physical and psychosocial health.This research also reveals that extra time spent at school can mediate these effects.

scholarly journals Beyond Newspapers: News Consumption among Young People in the Digital Era

Comunicar ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (39) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreu Casero-Ripollés
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
News Medium ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
News Stories ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Consumer Habits ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

News consumption is undergoing great changes due to the advance of digitisation. In this context, ascertaining the changes in readers’ consumption habits is essential for measuring the scope and effects of digital convergence and the outlook for the future. This article aims to analyse this transformation in the specific case of young people’s relationship with news reporting. The methodology is based on a quantitative survey of people aged between 16 and 30 (N=549) in order to examine their consumer habits and perceptions. The results show the emergence of social networks as a news medium and the decline of traditional media, and newspapers in particular. However, we observed a high level of interest in news stories and their positive valuation in civic terms on the part of young people. These data also reveal the obvious appeal of cost-free content. Finally, the results highlight the gender gap with men as the greater news consumers, and the impact of age, with news consumption increasing as young people mature. The conclusions of this research suggest that profound changes are emerging in news consumption patterns and the concept of news among young people.El consumo de noticias está inmerso en un proceso de grandes mutaciones debido al avance de la digitalización. En este contexto, conocer los cambios en los hábitos de consumo de la audiencia es fundamental para calibrar el alcance y los efectos de la convergencia digital y sus perspectivas de futuro. Este artículo tiene como objetivo el análisis de esta transformación en un caso concreto: la relación de los jóvenes con la información periodística. Partiendo de una encuesta cuantitativa a personas de entre 16 y 30 años (N=549) se examinan sus hábitos de consumo y sus percepciones. Los resultados muestran la emergencia de las redes sociales como soporte informativo y el desgaste de los medios convencionales, especialmente de los diarios. No obstante, se detecta un interés elevado de los jóvenes hacia las noticias y una valoración positiva de las mismas en términos cívicos. Los datos revelan, además, el arraigo de la gratuidad. Finalmente, se constata la existencia de una brecha de género en el consumo informativo, a favor de los hombres, y la incidencia del efecto de la edad, que provoca un aumento del acceso a las noticias a medida que los jóvenes van madurando. Las conclusiones de la investigación sugieren la aparición de cambios profundos en los patrones de consumo y en la concepción de la información por parte del público joven.

scholarly journals Beyond the ‘stop gap’: young (adult) women’s experiences of living with parents in the aftermath of the Greek austerity crisis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kazana-McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Social Restructuring ◽  
The Impact

In the context of greater strains imposed by the post-2008 global financial crisis, it has become more commonplace for young people to live with their parents for extended periods. Beyond a domination of Anglophone research, far less is known about whether these experiences of living with parents vary in countries with different economic and cultural contexts. This article focuses on young women in contemporary Greece – a society undergoing radical social restructuring in the wake of the post-2008 economic crisis. Drawing on qualitative interviews with young university-educated women in urban Greece (n=36), the article argues that the current fiscal crisis alongside long-standing patriarchal norms place a significant burden on the lives of these young women. It concludes that evaluation of the impact of financial crisis on the living arrangements of young people should carefully assess the interaction of the gender and cultural aspects of family lives.

The real losers during times of economic crisis: evidence of the Korean gender pay gap

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Patterson ◽  
Vic Benuyenah
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the employment figures in the labour market after the two Korean financial crises (1997 and 2008), focusing on the gender gap across different characteristics. Based on several data points, a general trend becomes evident whereby, as companies retrenched, they shifted the demographics of their employees to those perceived as most valuable, i.e. workers with university educations. However, when distinguished by gender, it is evident that their priorities changed. This discovery suggests that as the world faces another global health crisis (COVID-19) with its associated impact on organisational retrenchment, the gender gap in Korea could widen further.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis was conducted by applying a simple compounded average growth rate (CAGR) analysis to determine the impact of the two crises on employment by the educational level.FindingsA general trend becomes evident whereby, as companies retrenched, they shifted the demographics of their employees to those perceived as most valuable, i.e. workers with university educations. However, when distinguished by gender, it is evident that their priorities changed.Research limitations/implicationsSecondary data were used for the analysis as data for unemployed, who had given up looking for work, were not available.Practical implicationsManagers can use the findings when making decisions about laying-off staff during times of financial/economic crisis.Social implicationsThere is a perceived negative impact upon highly educated Korean women.Originality/valueThe paper advances the pay gap literature by providing evidence from Korea. CAGR analysis has never been used previously in analysing the pattern of labour market data to reveal gender discrimination. With a global health crisis (COVID-19) with its associated impact on organisational retrenchment, the gender gap in Korea could widen further.

Stressed Economies, Distressed Policies, and Distraught Young People

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Smith ◽  
Janine Leschke ◽  
Helen Russell ◽  
Paola Villa
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
School To Work ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Downward Pressure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Labor Markets

This chapter adopts a critical perspective on policymaking in European labor markets before, during, and after the Great Recession. Using extensive analysis of recent policies at the flexibility–security interface, the chapter identifies four key weaknesses in relation to young people: There was an over-reliance on supply-side policies and quantitative targets, reforms were driven by macroeconomic stability goals rather than by a coherent vision for the labor market, reforms focused on a downward pressure on job security and employability despite slack labor demand, and there was limited consideration of the impact of precariousness and career insecurity on young people and their life courses. It is argued that European and national employment policy need to focus on durable and resilient labor markets for young women and men transitioning from school to work in the postcrisis period.

scholarly journals ПРЕФЕРЕНЦИЈЕ КА СAМОЗAПОШЉAВAЊУ И ПРЕДУЗЕТНИШТВУ У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРБИЈИ: РОДНА АНАЛИЗА

TEME ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Maja Ivanović-Đukić ◽  
Vinko Lepojević
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Initial Assumption ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominant Influence

Participation of women in enterpreneurial activity is lower than in men. The gender gap in entrepreneurial preferences may be affected by a large number of very different factors. This study is focused on examining the impact of a large number of different factors on preferences of women and men towards entrepreneurship. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that have a dominant influence on the preferences of men and women towards entrepreneurship, and to propose measures that may increase entrepreneurial tendencies and entrepreneurship development. The initial assumption of this paper was that the preferences of women towards entrepreneurship is lower than the preferences of men, that the dominant influence on gender gap is the women’s great  aversion to risk, as well as a large number of barriers in capital provision women face as compared to men.  The analysis was conducted on a sample of 1,000 people in Serbia. The study had two phases. In the first phase, we identified seven factors which have the greatest impact on the preferences of the population towards entrepreneurship. Then, using the methods of logistic regression, we analysed the influence of each of them to entrepreneurial preferences. It was shown that the greatest and statistically significant impact on the gender gap in the entrepreneurial preferences of the population in Serbia are the following factors: different possibilities of women and men in obtaining a start-up capital, different opportunities for women and men in finding jobs, different risk appetites of women and men and a greater burden on women's family responsibilities.

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