Effect of a Nitroglycerin Patch on Perfusion to the Foot in Healthy Subjects

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Jeong Kim ◽  
L. Clay Ballinger ◽  
Donald Kushner
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Drug Group ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Adhesive Patch ◽  
The Subject

Nitric oxide is an endogenous gas released by endothelial cells that induces vasodilatation and plays other important roles in the wound-healing process. Nitroglycerin preparations are liberators of nitric oxide. Podiatric physicians have used nitroglycerin paste and patches on patients in an attempt to increase perfusion to the foot. However, the drug’s efficacy seems to be largely anecdotal. A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of a nitroglycerin patch in locally increasing perfusion to the foot. Twenty-two healthy subjects were randomly assigned to either a drug group (nitroglycerin patch, 0.2 mg/h) or a placebo group (adhesive patch without active ingredient). The patch was applied to the plantar arch of the foot. Objective and subjective measures were then used to detect changes in perfusion to the foot after a 2-hour experimental period. The objective measures, cutaneous thermometry and photoplethysmography, found no significant measurable difference in perfusion to the foot between the drug and placebo groups (P > .05). A subjective questionnaire used to assess changes in temperature or sensation detected by the subject yielded similar results. Thus a nitroglycerin patch dose of 0.2 mg/h showed no measurable ability to increase perfusion to the foot. Further research is needed to validate the indications for this therapy. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 96(4): 318–322, 2006)

Inhaled nitric oxide and prevention of pulmonary hypertension after congenital heart surgery: a randomised double-blind study

The Lancet ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 356 (9240) ◽  
pp. 1464-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen I Miller ◽  
Swee Fong Tang ◽  
Anthony Keech ◽  
Nicholas B Pigott ◽  
Elaine Beller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Congenital Heart Surgery ◽  
Inhaled Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind

Bombesin Reduces Food Intake after a Preload in Man by a Cholecystokinin-Independent Mechanism

1993 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Lieverse ◽  
J. B. M. J. Jansen ◽  
A. A. M. Masclee ◽  
C. B. H. W. Lamers
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cholecystokinin Receptor ◽  
Independent Mechanism

1. A double-blind study was undertaken to determine whether the infusion of bombesin inhibits the intake of a carbohydrate-rich meal, consumed 15 min after a 300 ml banana shake, in nine lean healthy subjects and whether the possible inhibition of food intake by bombesin is mediated by cholecystokinin. 2. The amount of food eaten during infusion of bombesin (267 ±60 g) and bombesin combined with the cholecystokinin-receptor antagonist loxiglumide (269±39g) was slightly (P = 0.09) less than during saline infusion (384 ± 40 g). In addition, preprandial feelings of hunger were significantly less during infusion of both bombesin and bombesin combined with loxiglumide. 3. In conclusion, infusion of bombesin tends to inhibit the intake of a carbohydrate-rich meal after a preload by a cholecystokinin-independent mechanism.

scholarly journals SOD Derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GF423 Has Protection Against Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Healthy Subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 764-764
Author(s):  
Yea-eun Nam ◽  
Yunsoo Kim ◽  
Yeni Lim ◽  
Hye Jin Kim ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Exercise Induced

Abstract Objectives Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cellular damage, causing a variety of degenerative diseases such as atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, and cancer. SOD is thought to play a central role in scavenging ROS generated in cells by enhancing the antioxidant defense system, including catalase and glutathione peroxidase. This study aims to test the hypothesis that exogenous SOD administration can help to protect against oxidative stress encountered at very early stages in the daily life of healthy subjects. Methods A total of 80 healthy adults were assigned to either an intervention group consuming B. amyloliquefaciens GF423 SOD (250 IU/capsule) daily for 8 weeks or a placebo in a randomized, double-blind and parallel design. Aerobic exercise by a treadmill for 30 minutes at an intensity of 60% of the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) of each subject was used to induce oxidative stress at the beginning and end of the experimental period. Blood and urine samples were collected immediately after and 30 min after the exercise challenge to measure biochemical markers related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Results A single administration of exogenous SOD induced a marked decrease in urinary lipid peroxides and plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines as compared to placebo administration. Furthermore, repeated administration of exogenous SOD for eight weeks resulted in a significant improvement of erythrocyte redox balance. Conclusions These findings suggest that the supply of exogenous SOD may be useful to enhance the antioxidant defense capacity and anti-inflammatory response in response to exercise-induced oxidative stress. Funding Sources This work was supported by the Bio-Synergy Research Project (NRF-2012M3A9C4048761) from the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning, and the BK21PLUS (Brain Korea 21 plus) program (22a20130012143) from the Ministry of Education and the GenoFocus Inc, Republic of Korea.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Safety of Intravenous (IV) Brincidofovir (BCV) in Healthy Adult Subjects

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S311-S311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Wire ◽  
Marion Morrison ◽  
Maggie Anderson ◽  
Thangam Arumugham ◽  
John Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Repeat Dose ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Support Evaluation

Abstract Background BCV is a lipid conjugate nucleotide that has shown rapid viral clearance in patients with adenovirus infection and improved survival in animal models of smallpox. In preclinical studies in rats, IV BCV dosed twice weekly for up to 29 days was not associated with gastrointestinal (GI), hematopoietic, hepatic, or renal toxicity. This study evaluated the safety and PK of IV BCV in healthy subjects. Methods In this double-blind study, subjects were randomized 3:1 to receive IV BCV or placebo in sequential single ascending dose cohorts (Table 1). Plasma PK samples were collected over 7 days and assayed by HPLC-MS. Plasma BCV PK parameters were determined by non-compartmental analysis and dose proportionality was assessed. Safety assessments were collected over 14 days. Results Forty healthy male subjects (18–46 years, 83% White) were enrolled and completed the study. Plasma BCV Cmax and AUC∞ increased in proportion to dose (Table 1). AEs and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations were dose- and infusion duration-related (Table 1). GI AEs were mild. All AEs and ALT elevations were transient and no serious AEs occurred. Conclusion Single doses of BCV 10–50 mg administered as a 2h IV infusion were well tolerated and not associated with significant clinical or laboratory abnormalities. BCV IV 10 mg and BCV IV 50 mg achieved geometric mean plasma BCV AUC∞ similar to and 4.5-fold, respectively, values achieved with BCV oral 100 mg tablets (Cmax = 251 ng/mL and AUC∞ = 1394 ng hours/mL). These data support evaluation of repeat dose administration in healthy subjects and virally-infected patients. Disclosures M. B. Wire, Chimerix: Employee and Shareholder, Salary. M. Morrison, Chimerix: Employee and Shareholder, Salary.M. Anderson, Chimerix: Employee and Shareholder, Salary. T. Arumugham, Chimerix: Employee and Shareholder, Salary. J. Dunn, Chimerix: Employee and Shareholder, Salary. O. Naderer, Chimerix: Employee and Shareholder, Salary.

Hydroxocobalamin, A Nitric Oxide Scavenger, in the Prophylaxis of Migraine: an Open, Pilot Study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
P-HM van der Kuy ◽  
FWHM Merkus ◽  
JJHM Lohman ◽  
JWM ter Berg ◽  
PM Hooymans
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Migraine Attack ◽  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Prophylactic Effect ◽  
Attack Frequency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Total Study Population

Drugs which directly counteract nitric oxide (NO), such as endothelial receptor blockers, NO-synthase inhibitors, and NO-scavengers, may be effective in the acute treatment of migraine, but are also likely to be effective in migraine prophylaxis. In the underlying pilot study the prophylactic effect of the NO scavenger hydroxocobalamin after intranasal administration in migraine was evaluated. Twenty patients, with a history of migraine of <1 year and with two to eight migraine attacks per month, were included in an open trial. A baseline period was followed by an active treatment period of 3 months with 1 mg intranasal hydroxocobalamin daily. Patients were instructed to complete a diary in which details of each attack were described. A reduction in migraine attack frequency of ≥50% was seen in 10 of 19 patients, which corresponds to 53% of the patients (responders). A reduction of ≥30% was noted in 63% of the patients. The mean attack frequency in the total study population showed a reduction from 4.7 ± 1.7 attacks per month to 2.7 ± 1.6 ( P< 0.001). For the responders the migraine attack frequency was reduced from 5.2 ± 1.9 (baseline) to 1.9 ± 1.3 attacks per month ( P < 0.005), while for those who did not respond a non-significant reduction was found: 4.1 ± 1.4 to 3.7 ± 1.5 (P > 0.1). A reduction was also observed for the total duration of the migraine attacks per month, the total number of migraine days per month and the number of medication doses for acute treatment used per month. This is the first prospective, open study indicating that intranasal hydroxocobalamin may have a prophylactic effect in migraine. As a percentage of responders in prophylactic trials of > 35-40% is unlikely to be a placebo effect, a double-blind study is warranted.

MULTI-CENTER, RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, DOUBLE BLIND STUDY OF THE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR 546C88

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 33A ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Grover ◽  
Angel Lopez ◽  
Jose Lorente ◽  
Jay Steingrub ◽  
Jan Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Oxide Synthase
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