Reproducing Technomasculinity

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-121
Author(s):  
Ergin Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Domestic Labor ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
Game Developers ◽  
At Home

This chapter assesses the domestic dimensions of the unequal ludopolitical regime. Keeping the discussion on social reproduction alive, it asks: What kind of classed femininities are at work in the domestic space, as far as the reproduction of techno-masculinity at Studio Desire is concerned? Drawing on interviews with game developers' partners, the chapter reveals the dialectical relationship between Studio Desire's techno-masculine work culture and the domestic labor behind it. The taxing emotional toxicity at work is rendered tolerable thanks to the mobilization of women's emotional capacities at home. The chapter's distinct focus lies in its framing of women not simply as providers of domestic work but also as active agents who politically critique industry practices. Overall, it provides a response to techno-utopian claims about how digital technologies would terminate social inequalities within the domestic space, pointing to continuities in terms of love's exploitative dimensions.

Women, Children, and the Social Organization of Domestic Labor in Chile

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nara Milanich
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Domestic Labor ◽  
Work Arrangements ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract This article explores the relationship of domestic labor and social reproduction in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Chile, paying particular attention to the roles of children. Children figured as products of women’s reproductive labors, but they were also themselves crucial members of a domestic labor force structured by age as well as gender. Drawing on classified employment ads, judicial cases, and the records of Santiago’s main orphanage, the analysis highlights how the labor of childrearing and the labor of children existed within the same social field. Women’s and children’s domestic work, while increasingly distinct, mutually shaped each other. Children influenced employment opportunities and work arrangements for women, both mothers and childless women, and placed in vivid relief the tensions that pervaded women’s remunerated and unremunerated labors. Women’s work in turn shaped the fate of children. Ultimately, the analysis suggests that domestic and reproductive labor was a resource allocated not just at the level of the individual household but on a societal scale across social groups. Circulating through households of different class statuses and across rural and urban spaces, the labor of childrearing (including wet nursing and fosterage) and the labor of children (as servants and criados) was mobilized across dense social networks. Even as the circulation of this labor linked disparate social groups, it simultaneously differentiated them, materially and symbolically, thereby reproducing the multigenerational patterns of patronage and hierarchy that were constitutive of Chilean society. Finally, while domestic work is often associated with private spaces, the analysis finds that public beneficence institutions played an active role in training, subsidizing, and distributing it.

Achieving person-centredness through technologies supporting integrated care for older people living at home: an integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie MacInnes ◽  
Jenny Billings ◽  
Alexandra Lelia Dima ◽  
Chris Farmer ◽  
Giel Nijpels
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Range Type ◽  
Care For Older People ◽  
At Home

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the range, type and outcomes of technological innovations aimed at supporting older people to maintain their independence within the context of integrated care at home. We also discuss key emergent themes relevant to the use of person-centred technology for older people in integrated care and propose recommendations for policy and practice.Design/methodology/approachAn integrative review methodology was used to identify and describe recent scientific publications in four stages: problem identification, literature search, data evaluation and data analysis.FindingsTwelve studies were included in the review. Three studies described remote consultations, particularly telemedicine; five studies described tools to support self-management; three studies described the use of healthcare management tools, and one study described both remote consultation and self-care management. Emergent themes were: acceptability, accessibility and use of digital technologies; co-ordination and integration of services; the implementation of digital technologies; and safety and governance. Several recommendations are proposed relevant to integrated care teams, technology developers and researchers.Originality/valueThis review uniquely considers the extent to which novel digital technologies used in integrated care for older people are person-centred.

The transformation from value determination to value realization: the logical dilemma of the Okishio theorem

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengsheng Wang ◽  
Bangxi Li ◽  
Shan Gu
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Surplus Value ◽  
The Real ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
Value Determination ◽  
Value Realization ◽  
Rate Of Profit

PurposeDifferent from Marx's analysis of the dialectical relationship between the production and realization of surplus value, the Okishio theorem only shows one aspect of the contradictory movement of the total social capital, that is, the reverse effect of the realization of surplus value on the production of surplus value.Design/methodology/approachThe production of surplus value and the realization of surplus value are simplified into one process. This simplification eliminates the contradiction between the production and realization of surplus value, and the antagonistic contradiction between accumulation and consumption and the antagonistic production-distribution relationship in capitalist society are naturally covered up.FindingsTherefore, it cannot explain the actual expansion way of the falling general rate of profit as the historical development law of capitalism. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the Okishio theorem places the analysis of the general rate of profit back into the social reproduction model with department equilibrium, which points out the significance of wage income to the realization of surplus value and outlines the macro mechanism of the realization of surplus value reacting to the production of surplus value. It also strongly promotes the research progress of the law that the profit rate tends to decline.Originality/valueThe mistake of the Okishio theorem is that the exchange process in the labor market forms the real wage rate. It determines the production price of wage goods, which thereby determines that the production price of capital goods and general rate of profit, the production of surplus value and realization of surplus value are simplified into the same process, and only the value that can be realized is the real value.

Digital Realisms

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Krstić
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Digital Cinema ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
World Cinema

The chapter looks at contemporary depictions of slums in digital cinema. Joining recent scholarship (Nagib, Elsaesser, Rombes) that argues for a correlation between the advent of DV and a renewed return to realism in world cinema, the author rejects the notion that the advent of digital technologies marks a ‘loss of indexicality’, as claimed by some (Rodowick; Manovich, Grusin). Instead, the author argues that today’s independent (festival, art or new wave) cinemas (e.g. Dogme 95) enter into a post-postmodern phase since they attempt to re-materialise the filmic signifiers, precisely by refashioning the filmmaking practices and principles of earlier movements such as Italian neorealism or cinéma vérité. To illustrate this, the chapter looks at how Manila’s slums have been represented by the filmmakers of the ‘Philippine New Wave’ (e.g. Mendoza) and at Pedro Costa’s Fontainhas Trilogy, which depicts a slum once located on the outskirts of Lisbon. The chapter concludes that these filmmakers use digital technologies, albeit very differently, to reanimate a political kind of cinema that has been declared dead, turning their films into acts of resistance to the digital confections of today’s entertainment industries as well as to the blatant social inequalities of our ‘planet of slums’.

scholarly journals Social inequalities and access to health: challenges for society and the nursing field

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Celia Fiorati ◽  
Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio ◽  
Larissa Barros de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Critical Hermeneutics ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Life Course

Objective to present a critical reflection upon the current and different interpretative models of the Social Determinants of Health and inequalities hindering access and the right to health. Method theoretical study using critical hermeneutics to acquire reconstructive understanding based on a dialectical relationship between the explanation and understanding of interpretative models of the social determinants of health and inequalities. Results interpretative models concerning the topic under study are classified. Three generations of interpretative models of the social determinants of health were identified and historically contextualized. The third and current generation presents a historical synthesis of the previous generations, including: neo-materialist theory, psychosocial theory, the theory of social capital, cultural-behavioral theory and the life course theory. Conclusion From dialectical reflection and social criticism emerge a discussion concerning the complementarity of the models of the social determinants of health and the need for a more comprehensive conception of the determinants to guide inter-sector actions to eradicate inequalities that hinder access to health.

Te Ataakura: Digital taonga and cultural innovation

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Ngata ◽  
Hera Ngata-Gibson ◽  
Amiria Salmond
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Cultural Revitalization ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Institutional Collaboration ◽  
Cultural Innovation ◽  
Economic Revitalization ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
At Home

The Te Ataakura project is among the latest in a series of initiatives undertaken by the Ma-ori tribal organization Toi Hauiti to revisit, rekindle and restore knowledge of their ancestral taonga (artefacts), many of which are now dispersed among collections throughout New Zealand and internationally. This article describes some of these earlier projects, which deployed digital technologies in innovative ways, as part of a broader strategy of artistic and economic revitalization. It outlines Toi Hauiti’s continuing efforts to build relationships with holding institutions at home and abroad, and to explore possibilities offered by recent technological developments. Setting this work in the context of similar initiatives on the part of other Ma-ori, with a focus on cultural revitalization and institutional collaboration, we consider the role of digitization in cultural endurance and dynamism, offering a critical view of emergent concepts including ‘digital taonga’ and ‘virtual repatriation’.

Technology and In/equality, Questioning the Information Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Flis Henwood ◽  
Sally Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Media Technology ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Discrimination And Oppression ◽  
And Control ◽  
Key Terms

Abstract At the beginning of the 21st century, we co-edited a book called Technology and In/equality, Questioning the information Society. In that book, we focused on access and control of media technology, education and skills with a particular focus on gender and global economic development. The editors and contributors were all committed to approaching teaching and research about digital technologies and society from an interdisciplinary perspective. In this article, we reflect on how the debates about digital inequalities have developed over the past 20 years, and on our current understanding of “technology” and “in/equality,” the key terms in the title of the book. In this article, we examine what has stayed the same and what has changed, through the lens of gender. We argue that while digital technologies have clearly changed, inequalities have persisted. Contrary to popular belief, access is still an issue for the global south, as well as for marginalised communities throughout the world. We also show how gender inequalities and hierarchies are reproduced in digital spaces, demonstrating that even where women have equal access, possibilities for discrimination and oppression remain. We conclude by arguing that there remain important tasks for scholars of technology and new media, namely to monitor the material and symbolic significance of new technological developments as they emerge and to examine the ways in which they may reflect and re-produce social inequalities.

Extractivism, Gender, and Disease: An Intersectional Approach to Inequalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Cristina Cielo ◽  
Lisset Coba
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Natural Resource Extraction ◽  
Multiple Dimensions

AbstractSocial inequalities can only be understood through the interaction of their multiple dimensions. In this essay, we show that the economic and environmental impacts of natural resource extraction exacerbate gendered disparities through the intensification and devaluation of care work. A chikungunya epidemic in the refinery city of Esmeraldas, Ecuador, serves to highlight the embodied and structural violence of unhealthy conditions. Despite its promises of development, the extraction-based economy in Esmeraldas has not increased its vulnerable populations’ opportunities. It has, instead, deepened class and gendered hierarchies. In this context, the most severe effects of chikungunya are experienced by women, who bear the burden of social reproduction and sustaining lives under constant threat.

scholarly journals Privileging the Privileged: The Effects of International University Rankings on a Chilean Fellowship Program for Graduate Studies Abroad

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Perez Mejias ◽  
Roxana Chiappa ◽  
Carolina Guzmán-Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Educational Inequalities ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Fellowship Program ◽  
Graduate Studies ◽  
International University

In the last few decades, many developing countries have dramatically expanded the number of government-sponsored fellowships for graduate studies abroad to increase their participation in the knowledge economy. To award these grants, these programs have typically relied on international university rankings as their main selection criterion. Existing studies suggest these fellowships have been disproportionally awarded to applicants from privileged social backgrounds, thus intensifying existing national educational inequalities. However, this evidence is mostly anecdotal and descriptive in nature. In this article, we focus on a Chilean fellowship program, an iconic example of these policies. Using a causal path analysis mediation model and relying on social reproduction and stratification theories, we investigated whether the distribution of fellowships varied across applicants from different socioeconomic backgrounds and how university rankings affect applicants’ chances of obtaining the fellowship. Our findings revealed that, in a context of high social inequalities and a stratified education system, using international rankings as an awarding criterion reinforced the position of privilege of individuals who accrued educational advantages in high school, as well as the disadvantages of those less fortunate who faced fewer prior educational opportunities.

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