Sacred Mountain, Landscape, and Afterlife

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-171
Author(s):  
Gideon Fujiwara

This chapter examines the imagining of the dual “countries” of Tsugaru and Imperial Japan in Tsuruya Ariyo's poetry and prose about the sacred Mount Iwaki and the gods who preside over the peaks. It presents Ariyo's emphasis on the reality of the spirit realm by citing a case of a local samurai facing divine abduction while on the mountain. The chapter introduces Ariyo's Enjoyment Visible and Invisible in which he validated Hirata Atsutane's view that souls of the deceased were active and served “Imperial deity” Ōkuninushi in the spirit realm. It also emphasizes enjoyment as the key to living a meaningful life extending from this world to the afterlife, while his norito reflects his reverence for gods and ancestors. Ultimately, the chapter investigates the impact of Ariyo and Hirao Rosen's works about spirits and the spirit realm on more politically urgent matters in the late-Tokugawa to Restoration years.

Author(s):  
Debra Kram-Fernandez

This chapter is concerned with the impact of practitioner biases on the experience of a meaningful life for individuals who live with serious mental illness (SMI). Professional biases, systemic biases that originate in societal fear and lack of knowledge, and internalized stigma taken on by the consumer affect life decisions. Following a history of treatment initiatives experienced by consumers as abusive, it is important to understand how a system envisioned to protect and treat was often experienced as harmful. In the 1980s a movement emerged to transform the nature of mental health treatment to a client-centered, recovery-oriented model. In 1999, the Surgeon General proclaimed that all agencies serving this population should be recovery oriented. Yet, the shift to this approach to understanding people with SMI has not been complete. While there are many explanations why practitioners may not fully embrace this perspective, this chapter introduces the concept of “schemas” from cognitive behavioral theory as a way of examining professional biases in the field of SMI.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
V. V. Vyshinsky ◽  
K. T. Zoan

Wind boundary layer flow over the mountain landscape and large structures located around runways (RWs) creates coherent vortex structures (CVSs) that can cross a glideslope and airspace in the vicinity of an airport. The aircraft, encountering a vortex structure, experiences significant changes of the aerodynamic forces and moments, what is especially hazardous due to proximity to terrain. From a mathematical point of view, the solution of this problem presents a challenge due to extremely large space – time scale of the phenomenon, the lack of relevant atmospheric models, as well as comprehensive initial – boundary conditions in numerical modeling. In this paper, a composite solution is constructed: the CVSs area generation is computed in sufficient details within the framework of the grid method. Based on the data obtained in the approximation of analytical functions, an initial vortex structure is formed, the evolution and stochastics of which are modeled within the potential approximation by means of Rankine vortices. The evaluation of the forces and moments increment from the impact of vortex structures on the aircraft was carried out by the panel method using the engineering approach. As an example, the CVSs, resulting from wind flow around the mountainous area of the Son Tra Peninsula, that is located short of RWs 35R-17L and 35L-17R of Da Nang airport, are investigated. To improve the computational grids quality and verify the method of solving the boundary value problem for the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, we used the criteria based on the principle of maximum pressure, requiring Q-parameter positivity property in the vortices cores and flow separation regions. A CVS related aviation event, involving a passenger aircraft MC-21, is studied. The aircraft, after takeoff from RW 35R-17L setting the course close to the direction of the vortex wind structure axis from the Son Tra Peninsula, encountered the mountainous area CVS.


Author(s):  
Debra Kram-Fernandez

This chapter is concerned with the impact of practitioner biases on the experience of a meaningful life for individuals who live with serious mental illness (SMI). Professional biases, systemic biases that originate in societal fear and lack of knowledge, and internalized stigma taken on by the consumer affect life decisions. Following a history of treatment initiatives experienced by consumers as abusive, it is important to understand how a system envisioned to protect and treat was often experienced as harmful. In the 1980s a movement emerged to transform the nature of mental health treatment to a client-centered, recovery-oriented model. In 1999, the Surgeon General proclaimed that all agencies serving this population should be recovery oriented. Yet, the shift to this approach to understanding people with SMI has not been complete. While there are many explanations why practitioners may not fully embrace this perspective, this chapter introduces the concept of “schemas” from cognitive behavioral theory as a way of examining professional biases in the field of SMI.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Efimenko ◽  
Elena Chalaya ◽  
Nina Povolotskaya

<p>The experience of interdisciplinary studies of the impact of urbanization on the resort and recreation potential of the mountainous territories of the North Caucasus (MTNC) for the purposes of medical balneology and recreational recreation is considered.</p><p>The State Register of Natural curative resources (NCR) of MTNC includes unique mineral waters and natural peloids of various physicochemical and microbiological composition, a favorable climate, and a picturesque mountain landscape that are integrated into the existing and rapidly developing complex socio-ecological resort and recreation infrastructure and system of spa treatment and recreation. The risks of the mountain resort and recreation ecosystem include high sensitivity to climate changes and anthropogenic impacts.</p><p>High demand for resort and recreational services of MTNC and increasing urbanization initiated the development of comprehensive monitoring studies of the dynamics of the state of NCR, experimental studies on action mechanisms of natural healing factors and the development of a model for ranking mountain areas by integrated resort and recreation potential (IRRP):</p><p> </p><p>IRRP = ∑ (IMgmr + IMbkr + IMgl) // n, where IMgmr, IMbkr, IMgl are integrated modules (indicators) of hydromineral, bioclimatic and landscape resources.</p><p> </p><p>The model includes three large blocks of monitoring studies of many natural parameters that characterize the properties of underground mineral waters and natural peloids; bioclimatic functions (comfort degree and biotropy), topographic features, vegetation, soils, picturesque and attractive mountain landscape. The modular approach adopted in balneology of medico-biological categorization of NCR parameters established in an experiment or in experimental researches made it possible to overcome the differences in units of measurement of the results of multifactor natural monitoring [1, 2].</p><p>Conclusion - the integrative approach adopted in the work to assess the resort and recreational potential of the highlands made it possible to evaluate contractivity (comfort, health and pathogenic functions), stability, diversity, attractiveness of natural complexes of the federal resorts of the North Caucasus, to substantiate the priorities for the territorial development of resort and recreational infrastructure in the resort region of Caucasian Mineral Waters, the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.</p><p> </p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>1.Resort study of Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region / Under the general edition of the prof. V.V. Uyba. Scientific publication. - Pyatigorsk. - 2011. – 368p.</p><p>2.A technique of balneological assessment of forest-park landscapes of mountain territories for climatic landscape therapy. A grant for doctors. – Pyatigorsk. - 2015. - 26p.</p>


2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine Sedikides ◽  
Tim Wildschut

Nostalgia—defined as sentimental longing for one's past—is a self-relevant, albeit deeply social, and an ambivalent, albeit more positive than negative, emotion. As nostalgia brings the past into present focus, it has existential implications. Nostalgia helps people find meaning in their lives, and it does so primarily by increasing social connectedness (a sense of belongingness and acceptance), and secondarily by augmenting self-continuity (a sense of connection between one's past and one's present). Also, nostalgia-elicited meaning facilitates the pursuit of one's important goals. Moreover, nostalgia acts as a buffer against existential threats. In particular, it shields against meaning threat, and buffers the impact of mortality salience on meaning, collective identity, accessibility of mortality-related thoughts, and death anxiety. Finally, nostalgia confers psychological benefits to individuals with chronic or momentary meaning deficits. These benefits are higher subjective vitality, lower stress, and regulation of meaning-seeking in response to boredom. Taken together, nostalgia helps people attain a more meaningful life, protects from existential threat, and contributes to psychological equanimity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-550
Author(s):  
Anna Żemła-Siesicka

AbstractThe dynamic development of tourist infrastructure can damage the value of a landscape. Thus, the identification of the impact of tourist infrastructure on landscape is an important issue in the context of the limitation of further degradation of landscape. The purpose of this article is to assess the influence of tourist facilities in the mountain landscape of the Silesian Beskids in terms of both spatial and physiognomic aspects. The impact is assessed by using an index of landscape load with tourist infrastructure (landscape load index – LLI) developed by author. The index is based on calculation of the saturation of landscape with cubature, area and linear elements of tourist infrastructure corrected by a coefficient describing the degree of their impact on the landscape. The results indicate the spatial diversity of the landscape load and thus of the transformation of a landscape towards a tourist one. The presented method has an application value in the forecasting and programming of the tourist infrastructure with respect to landscape values.


Author(s):  
A. Ismailova ◽  

Purpose: To reveal the role of high energy of slope relief in the formation and differentiation of modern mountain geosystems of the Southeastern slope of the Greater Caucasus by assessing the degree of horizontal dissection, slopes of slopes and landscape-morphometric tension of territories with various landscape complexes with subsequent mapping of the ecogeographic situation in order to ensure rational land use and environmental safety. Methodology and Approach: On the basis of field and office studies, data on the state of the soil and vegetation cover, the author analyzed the impact of morphometric indicators on the exodynamic conditions of landscape belts, identified individual landscape-morphological blocks according to the degree of morphometric tension, schematic maps reflecting the impact of horizontal dissection and slopes of slopes on the natural complexes of the territory. Results: The author, through a comparative analysis of quantitative morphometric indicators from different ranks of landscape complexes, showed that there is a close correlation between them, i.e. differentiation, fragmentation and small contour of mountain landscape geosystems, and each landscape unit is distinguished by its own morphometric indicators, which also determine their exogeodynamic stability. It was revealed that the highest intensity of 5 points is characteristic of the territory covering steep slopes within the heights, which are characterized by the development of subnival, alpine meadow and subalpine complexes. The results of field and office studies were reflected in the compiled cartographic materials, which made it possible to carry out a spatial analysis of the development of the exodynamic situation on the territory of the southeastern slope of the Greater Caucasus. Theoretical and Practical implications: Based on the generalization of the results of the research carried out, the territories most exposed to exogenous relief-forming processes can be identified, a more detailed study is carried out and the exodynamic situation is more objectively assessed. The results of the study will make it possible to carry out effective economic planning, to identify priority areas for the implementation of anti-erosion and phyto-reclamation measures in mountain areas.


Author(s):  
Kichuk A.V.

Under the realities of today, the impact on the personality of the whole spectrum of emotional factors significantly increases. We are talking about the negative impact of the environmental crisis, the conflict of mediums, the consequences of the military conflict and the pandemic. The psycho-emotional sphere of a person's existence, which is at the age stage of early adulthood, turned out to be the most invulnerable. This requires the deepening of scientific ideas about the content of the concept of “psycho-emotional health”, its structural and component composition in relation to the individual in the age period of early adulthood. The purpose of the article is to highlight the nature of the links between psycho-emotional health and some specific personality traits of the student. Methods – analysis, synthesis, generalization of scientific sources; correlation analysis of the nature of the connections of the components of psycho-emotional health with the psychological characteristics of the personality of students.The results of the analytical work were based on the scientific fund on the problem, the correlation analysis made it possible to state a long list of personality traits that correlate with certain components of psycho-emotional health of the student's personality (axiological, cognitive-affective, conative-instrumental, social). Conclusions. Empirically, significant correlations have been established between the studied integrative personality trait and the emotional stability of the individual in the age period of early adulthood, vitality and meaningful life orientations. In particular, in terms of the axiological indicator of psycho-emotional health, a correlation was established at the 1% level of significance with sociability, strength of “I” and “Super-I”, carefreeness, dreaminess, extraversion, and at the 5% level with courage. Regarding the plane of conative-affective indicator of psycho-emotional health of the student's personality, various correlations have been established, namely, in addition to the described ones, there is also a correlation with high self-esteem and high intelligence, as well as dominance and ability to control one's desires. The established helps to determine the foundations of psycho-emotional health of student youth at the main stage of their personal and professional development.Key words: vitality, emotional orientation, meaningful life orientations of the personality, actual mental state, psychological well-being. За реалій сьогодення значно посилюється вплив на особистість усього спектру емоціогенних факторів. Йдеться про негативний вплив екологічної кризи, наслідків воєнного конфлікту і пандемії. Чи не найвразливішою виявилась саме психоемоційна сфера буття особистості, котра перебуває на віковому етапі раннього дорослішання. Означене вимагає поглиблення наукових уявлень про змістове напов-нення поняття «психоемоційне здоров’я» його структурно-компонентний склад дотичний особистості у віковий період раннього дорослішання. Мета статті – висвітлити характер зав’язків психоемоційного здоров’я з деякими специфічними рисами особистості студента. Методи – аналіз, синтез, узагальнення наукових джерел; кореляційний аналіз характеру зв’язків компонентів психоемоційного здоров’я з психологічними характеристиками особистості студента. Результати проведеної аналітичної роботи базувалась на науковому фонді з порушеної проблеми, здійсненому кореляційному аналізі; видалось за можливе констатувати про розлогий перелік особистісних рис, що корелюють з визначеними компонентами психоемоційного здоров’я особистості студента (аксіологічний, когнітивно-афективний, конативно-інструментальний, соціально-визначальний). Висновки. Емпіричним шляхом установлені значущі кореляційні зв’язки досліджуваної інтегратив-ної особистісної властивості із емоційною стійкістю особистості у віковий період раннього дорослішання, життєстійкістю та смисложиттєвими орієнтаціями. Зокрема, в аспекті аксіологічного показника психоемоційного здоров’я встановлено кореляційний зв’язок на 1% рівня значущості з товариськістю, силою «Я» та «Над-Я», безтурботністю, мрійливістю, екстраверсією, а на 5% рівні – зі сміливістю. Щодо площини конативно-афективного показника психоемоційного здоров’я особистості студента, то встановлено більш різноманітні кореляційні зв’язки, а саме, окрім описаних, йдеться ще й про кореляцію з високою самооцінкою і високим інтелектом, а також домінантністю і вмінням контролювати власні бажання. Встановлене сприяє визначенню основ психоемоційного здоров’я студентської молоді на основному етапі її особистісно-професійного становлення.Ключові слова: життєстійкість, емоційна спрямованість, смисложиттєві орієнтації особистості, актуальний психічний стан, психологічне благополуччя


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-110
Author(s):  
Tone Bleie ◽  
Dawa Tsering

This article addresses migration in the late seventeenth and the eighteenth century from Eastern Tibet to Chang Tang, the enormous high-plateau in Western Tibet. Evidence is presented about the rise of an intriguingly well-regulated nomadic society, questioning the dominant, environmentally framed narrative of Chang Tang as an uninhabited wilderness. The article examines why people started migrating, sheds light on specific migratory events and their cumulative effects. The article examines nomads’ adaptation to a sacred mountain landscape, an inhospitable climate, established customary practices and contending centralised sources of religious and political authority, while drawing on their own martial ethos and diverse skill sets. In order to explain causes and outcomes of specific events, the article employs an interdisciplinary theoretical approach. This approach unravels Chang Tang as pastoral realm, sacred landscape and contested frontier – sought controlled by the lords of distant Lhasa and empires of the Western Himalayas and Central Asia.


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