scholarly journals Effect of different methods of active recovery after high-intensity exercise on intermittent exercise performance of soccer referees

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Takuma Yanaoka ◽  
Tetsuhiro Kidokoro ◽  
Kanako Edamoto ◽  
Kyoko Kashiwabara ◽  
Jumpei Yamagami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Active Recovery

scholarly journals Oligomerized polyphenols in lychee fruit extract supplements may improve high-intensity exercise performance in male athletes: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Aki Kawamura ◽  
Shun Hashimoto ◽  
Miho Suzuki ◽  
Hiromasa Ueno ◽  
Masaaki Sugita
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolite ◽  
Control Phase ◽  
Intervention Phase

[Purpose] Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by prolonged high-intensity exercise can cause structural and functional damage. Antioxidant polyphenol supplementation, which reduces ROS levels, may improve high-intensity exercise performance. We evaluated the effect of lychee fruit extract, which contains high levels of low-molecular-weight oligomerized polyphenols, on high-intensity exercise performance.[Methods] Ten male athletes were included in an open-label trial that consisted of control and intervention phases, with a 7-day washout period between phases. The participants were administered oligomerized lychee fruit extract for seven days, whereas no intervention was given in the control phase. High-intensity intermittent exercise and the Wingate test were performed. The power output, blood lactate levels, reactive oxygen metabolite levels, biological antioxidant potential, heart rate, and rate of perceived exertion were measured.[Results] The average power output was significantly higher in the intervention phase than in the control phase (P < 0.01), while the change in blood lactate levels was significantly lower in the intervention phase than in the control phase (P < 0.05). The average heart rate was significantly higher in the intervention phase than in the control phase (P < 0.05), without changing the rate of perceived exertion. Although there was no difference in reactive oxygen metabolite levels between the phase, the change in biological antioxidant potential was larger in the intervention phase than in the control phase (P = 0.06). The Wingate test showed no significant differences between the phase.[Conclusion] Short-term loading with oligomerized lychee fruit extract may increase performance during high-intensity intermittent exercise by improving metabolism.

scholarly journals Muscle metabolic responses during high-intensity intermittent exercise measured by 31P-MRS: relationship to the critical power concept

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (9) ◽  
pp. R1085-R1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weerapong Chidnok ◽  
Fred J. DiMenna ◽  
Jonathan Fulford ◽  
Stephen J. Bailey ◽  
Philip F. Skiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Interval Duration ◽  
Constant Power ◽  
Recovery Interval ◽  
Duration Relationship ◽  
Recovery Protocols ◽  
Work Done

We investigated the responses of intramuscular phosphate-linked metabolites and pH (as assessed by 31P-MRS) during intermittent high-intensity exercise protocols performed with different recovery-interval durations. Following estimation of the parameters of the power-duration relationship, i.e., the critical power ( CP) and curvature constant ( W′), for severe-intensity constant-power exercise, nine male subjects completed three intermittent exercise protocols to exhaustion where periods of high-intensity constant-power exercise (60 s) were separated by different durations of passive recovery (18 s, 30 s and 48 s). The tolerable duration of exercise was 304 ± 68 s, 516 ± 142 s, and 847 ± 240 s for the 18-s, 30-s, and 48-s recovery protocols, respectively ( P < 0.05). The work done > CP ( W> CP) was significantly greater for all intermittent protocols compared with the subjects' W′, and this difference became progressively greater as recovery-interval duration was increased. The restoration of intramuscular phosphocreatine concentration during recovery was greatest, intermediate, and least for 48 s, 30 s, and 18 s of recovery, respectively ( P < 0.05). The W> CP in excess of W′ increased with greater durations of recovery, and this was correlated with the mean magnitude of muscle phosphocreatine reconstitution between work intervals ( r = 0.61; P < 0.01). The results of this study show that during intermittent high-intensity exercise, recovery intervals allow intramuscular homeostasis to be restored, with the degree of restoration being related to the duration of the recovery interval. Consequently, and consistent with the intermittent CP model, the ability to perform W> CP during intermittent high-intensity exercise and, therefore, exercise tolerance, increases when recovery-interval duration is extended.

scholarly journals High-intensity intermittent exercise training with chlorella intake accelerates exercise performance and muscle glycolytic and oxidative capacity in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 312 (4) ◽  
pp. R520-R528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Horii ◽  
Natsuki Hasegawa ◽  
Shumpei Fujie ◽  
Masataka Uchida ◽  
Eri Miyamoto-Mikami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic chlorella intake alone or in combination with high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) training on exercise performance and muscle glycolytic and oxidative metabolism in rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the four groups: sedentary control, chlorella intake (0.5% chlorella powder in normal feed), HIIE training, and combination of HIIE training and chlorella intake for 6 wk ( n = 10 each group). HIIE training comprised 14 repeats of a 20-s swimming session with a 10-s pause between sessions, while bearing a weight equivalent to 16% of body weight, 4 days/week. Exercise performance was tested after the interventions by measuring the maximal number of HIIE sessions that could be completed. Chlorella intake and HIIE training significantly increased the maximal number of HIIE sessions and enhanced the expression of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)1, MCT4, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α concomitantly with the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), phosphofructokinase, citrate synthase (CS), and cytochrome- c oxidase (COX) in the red region of the gastrocnemius muscle. Furthermore, the combination further augmented the increased exercise performance and the enhanced expressions and activities. By contrast, in the white region of the muscle, MCT1 expression and LDH, CS, and COX activities did not change. These results showed that compared with only chlorella intake and only HIIE training, chlorella intake combined with HIIE training has a more pronounced effect on exercise performance and muscle glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, in particular, lactate metabolism.

scholarly journals Defining the contribution of skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase α1 to exercise performance and insulin action

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (5) ◽  
pp. E1034-E1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Svensson ◽  
Jessica R. Dent ◽  
Shahriar Tahvilian ◽  
Vitor F. Martins ◽  
Abha Sathe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise ◽  
Muscle Contractile

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and is an important control point for carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation. However, the importance of the PDC and CHO oxidation to muscle metabolism and exercise performance, particularly during prolonged or high-intensity exercise, has not been fully defined especially in mature skeletal muscle. To this end, we determined whether skeletal muscle-specific loss of pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha 1 ( Pdha1), which is a critical subunit of the PDC, impacts resting energy metabolism, exercise performance, or metabolic adaptation to high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. For this, we generated a tamoxifen (TMX)-inducible Pdha1 knockout (PDHmKO) mouse, in which PDC activity is temporally and specifically ablated in adult skeletal muscle. We assessed energy expenditure, ex vivo muscle contractile performance, and endurance exercise capacity in PDHmKO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates. Additionally, we studied glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in muscle after 12 wk of HFD feeding. TMX administration largely ablated PDHα in skeletal muscle of adult PDHmKO mice but did not impact energy expenditure, muscle contractile function, or low-intensity exercise performance. Additionally, there were no differences in muscle insulin sensitivity or body composition in PDHmKO mice fed a control or HFD, as compared with WT mice. However, exercise capacity during high-intensity exercise was severely impaired in PDHmKO mice, in parallel with a large increase in plasma lactate concentration. In conclusion, although skeletal muscle PDC is not a major contributor to resting energy expenditure or long-duration, low-intensity exercise performance, it is necessary for optimal performance during high-intensity exercise.

Fast-Start Strategy Improves V˙O2 Kinetics and High-Intensity Exercise Performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN J. BAILEY ◽  
ANNI VANHATALO ◽  
FRED J. DIMENNA ◽  
DARYL P. WILKERSON ◽  
ANDREW M. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Fast Start

Metabolic response of trained and untrained women during high-intensity intermittent cycle exercise

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (6) ◽  
pp. R2370-R2375 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gail Trapp ◽  
Donald J. Chisholm ◽  
Stephen H. Boutcher
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Young Women ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Cycle Exercise ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Catecholamine Concentration

The metabolic response to two different forms of high-intensity intermittent cycle exercise was investigated in young women. Subjects (8 trained and 8 untrained) performed two bouts of high-intensity intermittent exercise: short sprint (SS) (8-s sprint, 12-s recovery) and long sprint (LS) (24-s sprint, 36-s recovery) for 20 min on two separate occasions. Both workload and oxygen uptake were greater in the trained subjects but were not significantly different for SS and LS. Plasma glycerol concentrations significantly increased during exercise. Lactate concentrations rose over the 20 min and were higher for the trained women. Catecholamine concentration was also higher postexercise compared with preexercise for both groups. Both SS and LS produced similar metabolic response although both lactate and catecholamines were higher after the 24-s sprint. In conclusion, these results show that high-intensity intermittent exercise resulted in significant elevations in catecholamines that appear to be related to increased venous glycerol concentrations. The trained compared with the untrained women tended to show an earlier increase in plasma glycerol concentrations during high-intensity exercise.

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