scholarly journals Sex-related differences and cross-sectional age-related changes to the cross-sectional area of the psoas major muscles corrected for fat-free mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Nozomi Ohta ◽  
Tomomi Iida ◽  
Yoshihiro Hoshikawa ◽  
Yohei Takata ◽  
Yoshiharu Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Psoas Major ◽  
Age Related Changes

AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF THE I AND II PHALANGES, THEIR BONE MARROW CAVITIES AND COMPACTS IN THE POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS OF ROMANOV SHEEP

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Postnatal Ontogenesis ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Age Related Changes

The article presents the results of morphological studies of cross-sectional area growth in the first and second phalanges, their bone-marrow cavities and compacted tissue in the postnatal ontogenesis of Ro-manov sheep. As the material for this work we used the I and II phalanges, taken from the left thoracic limb of opposite gender twins at birth, as well as at 3,6,9,12 months of age and in adults 3–4 years of age. To identify phalanges development patterns we used classical morphological methods of research: we determined the growth rate (“K”), age-related changes in the cross-sectional area of the first and second fingers, their bone-marrow cavities and compacts in the studied age periods (M ± m) and in relation to the same indicator in adult sheep in %.. The received digital material was subjected to static processing. It was established that, due to the periosteal growth of bone tissue, cross-sectional area of the I and II phalanges increases all the time, reaching the definitive value by 12 months at the I phalanx, and in the II phalanx it occurs somewhat later. More accelerated periosteal growth is observed in both phalanges in the first three months of lambs’ life. Due to the processes of bone resorption on the side of endosteum, the same thing happens with the cross section of bone marrow cavities, they only reach the definitive state a little earlier, that was noted in the cross section of the bones. In general, the intensity of periosteal growth and resorption processes occur more quickly in I phalanges compared with II.

Ultrasound Method for Estimating the Cross-Sectional Area of the Psoas Major Muscle

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2000-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOHEI TAKAI ◽  
YOICHI KATSUMATA ◽  
YASUO KAWAKAMI ◽  
HIROAKI KANEHISA ◽  
TETSUO FUKUNAGA
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ultrasound Method ◽  
Psoas Major Muscle ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Psoas Major

scholarly journals Age-related changes in contractile properties of single skeletal fibers from the soleus muscle

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 881-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
LaDora V. Thompson ◽  
Marybeth Brown
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Contractile Properties ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Type I ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Tension ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Peak absolute force, specific tension (peak absolute force per cross-sectional area), cross-sectional area, maximal unloaded shortening velocity ( V o; determined by the slack test), and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform compositions were determined in 124 single skeletal fibers from the soleus muscle of 12-, 24-, 30-, 36-, and 37-mo-old Fischer 344 Brown Norway F1 Hybrid rats. All fibers expressed the type I MHC isoform. The mean V o remained unchanged from 12 to 24 mo but did decrease significantly from the 24- to 30-mo time period (from 1.71 ± 0.13 to 0.85 ± 0.09 fiber lengths/s). Fiber cross-sectional area remained constant until 36 mo of age, at which time there was a 20% decrease from the values at 12 mo of age (from 5,558 ± 232 to 4,339 ± 280 μm2). A significant decrease in peak absolute force of single fibers occurred between 12 and 24 mo of age (from 51 ± 2 × 10−5 to 35 ± 2 × 10−5 N) and then remained constant until 36 mo, when another 43% decrease occurred. Like peak absolute force, the specific tension decreased significantly between 12 and 24 mo by 20%, and another 32% decline was observed at 37 mo. Thus, by 24 mo, there was a dissociation between the loss of fiber cross-sectional area and force. The results suggest time-specific changes of the contractile properties with aging that are independent of each other. Underlying mechanisms responsible for the time-dependent and contractile property-specific changes are unknown. Age-related changes in the molecular dynamics of myosin may be the underlying mechanism for altered force production. The presence of more than one β/slow MHC isoform may be the mechanism for the altered V o with age.

scholarly journals Age-related Change In Cross Sectional Area Of The Psoas Major Muscle In Japanese

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Mitsuharu Kaya ◽  
Masanori Takemura ◽  
Junzo Tsujita ◽  
Ken-ich Ichihashi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Psoas Major Muscle ◽  
Psoas Major

Cross-sectional area of psoas major muscle and hip flexion strength in youth soccer players

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 3487-3494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Hoshikawa ◽  
Tomomi Iida ◽  
Nozomi Ii ◽  
Masataka Muramatsu ◽  
Yoshiharu Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Psoas Major Muscle ◽  
Psoas Major ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Flexion Strength

scholarly journals Atrophy patterns in isolated subscapularis lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Seppel ◽  
Andreas Voss ◽  
Daniel J. H. Henderson ◽  
Simone Waldt ◽  
Bernhard Haller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subscapularis Muscle ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Background While supraspinatus atrophy can be described according to the system of Zanetti or Thomazeau there is still a lack of characterization of isolated subscapularis muscle atrophy. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of muscle atrophy following repair of isolated subscapularis (SSC) tendon. Methods Forty-nine control shoulder MRI scans, without rotator cuff pathology, atrophy or fatty infiltration, were prospectively evaluated and subscapularis diameters as well as cross sectional areas (complete and upper half) were assessed in a standardized oblique sagittal plane. Calculation of the ratio between the upper half of the cross sectional area (CSA) and the total CSA was performed. Eleven MRI scans of patients with subscapularis atrophy following isolated subscapularis tendon tears were analysed and cross sectional area ratio (upper half /total) determined. To guarantee reliable measurement of the CSA and its ratio, bony landmarks were also defined. All parameters were statistically compared for inter-rater reliability, reproducibility and capacity to quantify subscapularis atrophy. Results The mean age in the control group was 49.7 years (± 15.0). The mean cross sectional area (CSA) was 2367.0 mm2 (± 741.4) for the complete subscapularis muscle and 1048.2 mm2 (± 313.3) for the upper half, giving a mean ratio of 0.446 (± 0.046). In the subscapularis repair group the mean age was 56.7 years (± 9.3). With a mean cross sectional area of 1554.7 mm2 (± 419.9) for the complete and of 422.9 mm2 (± 173.6) for the upper half of the subscapularis muscle, giving a mean CSA ratio of 0.269 (± 0.065) which was seen to be significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Analysis of typical atrophy patterns of the subscapularis muscle demonstrates that the CSA ratio represents a reliable and reproducible assessment tool in quantifying subscapularis atrophy. We propose the classification of subscapularis atrophy as Stage I (mild atrophy) in case of reduction of the cross sectional area ratio < 0.4, Stage II (moderate atrophy) in case of < 0.35 and Stage III (severe atrophy) if < 0.3.

Ageing Changes in the Tensile Properties of Tendons: Influence of Collagen Fibril Volume Fraction

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Goh ◽  
D. F. Holmes ◽  
H.-Y. Lu ◽  
S. Richardson ◽  
K. E. Kadler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Collagen Fibril ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Area Fraction ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
P Values ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Fibril Diameter ◽  
Age Related Changes

Connective tissues are biological composites comprising of collagen fibrils embedded in (and reinforcing) the hydrated proteoglycan-rich (PG) gel within the extracellular matrices (ECMs). Age-related changes to the mechanical properties of tissues are often associated with changes to the structure of the ECM, namely, fibril diameter. However, quantitative attempts to correlate fibril diameter to mechanical properties have yielded inconclusive evidence. Here, we described a novel approach that was based on the rule of mixtures for fiber composites to evaluate the dependence of age-related changes in tendon tensile strength (σ) and stiffness (E) on the collagen fibril cross-sectional area fraction (ρ), which is related to the fibril volume fraction. Tail tendons from C57BL6 mice from age groups 1.6–35.3months old were stretched to failure to determine σ and E. Parallel measurements of ρ as a function of age were made using transmission electron microscopy. Mathematical models (rule of mixtures) of fibrils reinforcing a PG gel in tendons were used to investigate the influence of ρ on ageing changes in σ and E. The magnitudes of σ, E, and ρ increased rapidly from 1.6monthsto4.0months (P-values <0.05) before reaching a constant (age independent) from 4.0monthsto29.0months (P-values >0.05); this trend continued for E and ρ (P-values >0.05) from 29.0monthsto35.3months, but not for σ, which decreased gradually (P-values <0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed that age-related changes in σ and E correlated positively to ρ (P-values <0.05). Collagen fibril cross-sectional area fraction ρ is a significant predictor of ageing changes in σ and E in the tail tendons of C57BL6 mice.

The area of eye muscle of beef cattle carcasses

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
RM Seebeck
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
The Cross

Variations in the cross-sectional area of eye muscle of carcasses cut between the tenth and eleventh ribs were investigated, using 105 Hereford and 51 Angus steers aged 20 months. These cattle consisted of three groups, born in successive years. At constant carcass weight, statistically significant differences in eye muscle area were found between breeds and between years. Breed and year differences were also found in eye muscle area with width and depth of eye muscle constant, so that there are limitations to the estimation of eye muscle area from width and depth measurements. A nomograph is given for estimating eye muscle area from width and depth for Hereford and Angus cattle, when all animals are reared in the same year and environment. The use of eye muscle area as an indicator of weight of carcass muscle is discussed.

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