scholarly journals Lower limb kinetic comparisons between the chasse step and one step footwork during stroke play in table tennis

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12481
Author(s):  
Yuqi He ◽  
Dong Sun ◽  
Xiaoyi Yang ◽  
Gusztáv Fekete ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
One Step ◽  
Force Time ◽  
The One ◽  
Plantar Force ◽  
Force Time Integral

Background Biomechanical footwork research during table tennis performance has been the subject of much interest players and exercise scientists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lower limb kinetic characteristics of the chasse step and one step footwork during stroke play using traditional discrete analysis and one-dimensional statistical parameter mapping. Methods Twelve national level 1 table tennis players (Height: 172 ± 3.80 cm, Weight: 69 ± 6.22 kg, Age: 22 ± 1.66 years, Experience: 11 ± 1.71 year) from Ningbo University volunteered to participate in the study. The kinetic data of the dominant leg during the chasse step and one step backward phase (BP) and forward phase (FP) was recorded by instrumented insole systems and a force platform. Paired sample T tests were used to analyze maximum plantar force, peak pressure of each plantar region, the force time integral and the pressure time integral. For SPM analysis, the plantar force time series curves were marked as a 100% process. A paired-samples T-test in MATLAB was used to analyze differences in plantar force. Results One step produced a greater plantar force than the chasse step during 6.92–11.22% BP (P = 0.039). The chasse step produced a greater plantar force than one step during 53.47–99.01% BP (P < 0.001). During the FP, the chasse step showed a greater plantar force than the one step in 21.06–84.06% (P < 0.001). The one step produced a higher maximum plantar force in the BP (P = 0.032) and a lower maximum plantar force in the FP (P = 0) compared with the chasse step. The one step produced greater peak pressure in the medial rearfoot (P = 0) , lateral rearfoot (P = 0) and lateral forefoot (P = 0.042) regions than the chasse step during BP. In FP, the chasse step showed a greater peak pressure in the Toe (P = 0) than the one step. The one step had a lower force time integral (P = 0) and greater pressure time integral (P = 0) than the chasse step in BP, and the chasse step produced a greater force time integral (P = 0) and pressure time integral (P = 0.001) than the one step in the FP. Conclusion The findings indicate that athletes can enhance plantarflexion function resulting in greater weight transfer, facilitating a greater momentum during the 21.06–84.06% of FP. This is in addition to reducing the load on the dominant leg during landing by utilizing a buffering strategy. Further to this, consideration is needed to enhance the cushioning capacity of the sole heel and the stiffness of the toe area.

scholarly journals Comparing the biomechanical characteristics between squat and standing serves in female table tennis athletes

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changxiao Yu ◽  
Shirui Shao ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
Yaodong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Tennis Serve ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics ◽  
Pressure Measurement System

Background The table tennis serve involves complex spatial movements combined with biomechanial characteristics. Although the differences in lower-limb biomechanial characteristics to a great extent influence the translational and spinning velocity of the ball when using the different styles of table tennis serve, few researchers have studied their mechanics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the differences in lower-limb activity between the squat and standing serves during a table tennis short serve. Methods Ten advanced female table tennis participants performed a squat serve and standing serve in random order. A Vicon motion analysis system and a Novel Pedar insole plantar pressure measurement system were used to record kinematics and kinetics data, respectively. Results Key findings from the study were that the squat serve not only showed significantly larger hip and knee flexion, as well as ankle dorsiflexion, it also showed significantly larger hip adduction and external knee rotation, with larger changing angular rate of the lower limb joints in the sagittal and the transverse planes when the two serving styles were compared. In addition, the force-time integral (FTI) was higher in the rear foot area for the standing serve. Discussion The results demonstrated that the squat serve needs higher lower limb drive during a table tennis short serve compared with a standing serve. These biomechanical considerations may be beneficial for table tennis athletes and coaches as a method of optimizing performance characteristics during both competition and training.

FOOT LOADING PATTERNS WITH DIFFERENT UNSTABLE SOLES STRUCTURE

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550014 ◽  
Author(s):  
QICHANG MEI ◽  
NENG FENG ◽  
XUEJUN REN ◽  
MAK LAKE ◽  
YAODONG GU
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Loading Patterns ◽  
Foot Loading ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Male Subjects

Foot loading patterns can be changed by using different unstable sole structures, detailed quantification of which is of great significance for research and technological development in falling prevention and lower limb disorders rehabilitation. In this study, unstable soles constructions are adjusted through unstable elements in heel and medial, neutral and lateral forefoot and the foot loading patterns are comparatively studied. A total of 22 healthy male subjects participated in this test. Subjects are asked to walk over a 12 m walkway with control shoes and experimental shoes in self-adapted speed. Significant peak pressure, contact area and pressure-time integral differences in middle foot are found between control shoes and experimental shoes. In addition, peak pressure and pressure-time integral are found to increase significantly with unstable elements adding to center forefoot. The results showed that adjusting the unstable elements in coronal plane of forefoot could effectively alter the distribution of plantar pressure, this could potentially offer a mechanism for preventing falling of elderly and rehabilitation of lower extremity malfunctions. This study also demonstrates a novel concept that unstable element could be effectively adjusted in terms of position to meet different functional requirement.

Increased In-Shoe Lateral Plantar Pressures with Chronic Ankle Instability

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1075-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Schmidt ◽  
Lindsay D. Sauer ◽  
Sae Yong Lee ◽  
Susan Saliba ◽  
Jay Hertel
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Force Time

Background: Previous plantar pressure research found increased loads and slower loading response on the lateral aspect of the foot during gait with chronic ankle instability compared to healthy controls. The studies had subjects walking barefoot over a pressure mat and results have not been confirmed with an in-shoe plantar pressure system. Our purpose was to report in-shoe plantar pressure measures for chronic ankle instability subjects compared to healthy controls. Methods: Forty-nine subjects volunteered (25 healthy controls, 24 chronic ankle instability) for this case-control study. Subjects jogged continuously on a treadmill at 2.68 m/s (6.0 mph) while three trials of ten consecutive steps were recorded. Peak pressure, time-to-peak pressure, pressure-time integral, maximum force, time-to-maximum force, and force-time integral were assessed in nine regions of the foot with the Pedar-x in-shoe plantar pressure system (Novel, Munich, Germany). Results: Chronic ankle instability subjects demonstrated a slower loading response in the lateral rearfoot indicated by a longer time-to-peak pressure (16.5% ± 10.1, p = 0.001) and time-to-maximum force (16.8% ± 11.3, p = 0.001) compared to controls (6.5% ± 3.7 and 6.6% ± 5.5, respectively). In the lateral midfoot, ankle instability subjects demonstrated significantly greater maximum force (318.8 N ± 174.5, p = 0.008) and peak pressure (211.4 kPa ± 57.7, p = 0.008) compared to controls (191.6 N ± 74.5 and 161.3 kPa ± 54.7). Additionally, ankle instability subjects demonstrated significantly higher force-time integral (44.1 N/s ± 27.3, p = 0.005) and pressure-time integral (35.0 kPa/s ± 12.0, p = 0.005) compared to controls (23.3 N/s ± 10.9 and 24.5 kPa/s ± 9.5). In the lateral forefoot, ankle instability subjects demonstrated significantly greater maximum force (239.9N ± 81.2, p = 0.004), force-time integral (37.0 N/s ± 14.9, p = 0.003), and time-to-peak pressure (51.1% ± 10.9, p = 0.007) compared to controls (170.6 N ± 49.3, 24.3 N/s ± 7.2 and 43.8% ± 4.3). Conclusion: Using an in-shoe plantar pressure system, chronic ankle instability subjects had greater plantar pressures and forces in the lateral foot compared to controls during jogging. Clinical Relevance: These findings may have implications in the etiology and treatment of chronic ankle instability. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Case Control Study

Dynamic plantar pressure analysis. Comparing common insole materials

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
PB Sanfilippo ◽  
RM Stess ◽  
KM Moss
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Peak Plantar Pressure ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Dynamic Measures ◽  
Force Time Integral

A comparison of five commonly used insole materials (Spenco, PPT, Plastazote, Nickelplast, and Pelite) was made to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing plantar vertical pressures on human subjects during walking. With the use of the EMED-SF pedograph force plate system, dynamic measures of vertical force, force-time integral, peak plantar pressure, pressure-time integral, and area of foot-to-ground contact were compared with the force plate covered with each of the insole materials and without any interface material.

Reliability of an In-Shoe Pressure Measurement System During Treadmill Walking

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Kernozek ◽  
E. E. LaMott ◽  
M. J. Dancisak
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Pressure Measurement System

We examined the reliability of in-shoe foot pressure measurement using the Pedar in-shoe pressure measurement system for 25 participants walking at treadmill speeds of 0.89, 1.12, and 1.34 meters/sec. The measurement system uses EMED insoles, which consist of 99 capacitive sensors, sampled at 50 Hz. Data were collected for 20 seconds at two separate times while participants walked at each gait speed. Differences in some of the loading variables across speed relative to the total foot and across the different anatomical regions were detected. Different anatomical regions of the foot were loaded differently with variations in walking speed. The results indicated the need to control speed when evaluating loading parameters using in-shoe pressure measurement techniques. Coefficients of reliability were calculated. Variables such as peak force for the total foot required two steps to achieve a coefficient of reliability of 0.98. To achieve excellent reliability (>0.90) in the peak force, force time integral, peak pressure, and pressure time integral across the total foot and the seven regions, a maximum of eight steps was needed. In general, timing variables, such as the instant of peak force and the instant of peak pressure, tended to be the least reliable measures.

Reduction of Peak Pressure on the Forefoot with a Rigid Rocker-Bottom Postoperative Shoe

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Fuller ◽  
Stephen Schroeder ◽  
Jenifer Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Injury Protection ◽  
Peak Pressures ◽  
Force Time Integral

An ideal postoperative shoe should be comfortable to wear and protect the foot during recovery from surgery or injury. Protection is assumed to be related to peak pressure and force-time integral under the foot. This study compared a commonly used postoperative shoe with a new postoperative shoe that incorporates a rigid sole with an 11° rocker bottom. The new postoperative shoe significantly reduced peak pressures on the forefoot by 20%. The amount of pressure and force-time integral reduction is compared with other values found in the literature for various shoe modifications. Indications for rocker-bottom shoes are also explored. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 91(10): 501-507, 2001)

Effect of stud shape on lower limb kinetics during football-related movements

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Xiang Lv ◽  
Yuqi He ◽  
Dong Sun ◽  
Julien S Baker ◽  
Rongrong Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Bone Injury ◽  
Explosive Force ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Straight Ahead

Different football shoe designs used under the same turf condition can impact athletic performance and influence the risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different shape studs of football shoes on lower limb kinetics during straight-ahead running and 45° left sidestep cutting movements. Twelve male football players were recruited from university football teams. They were asked to perform six trials using straight-ahead running and a 45° left sidestep cutting movement on artificial turf while wearing football shoes with the following three stud configurations: knife stud, triangle stud and round stud. The contact time of knife stud was longer than triangle stud and round stud. In the straight-ahead running task, the ground force in the direction of movement of knife stud and round stud was lower than triangle stud. The peak pressure on the lateral forefoot (5 metatarsal region) in knife stud was higher than triangle stud and round stud in the cutting movements. The peak pressure and force–time integral on the medial (1 metatarsal region) and central (2–4 metatarsal region) forefoot in triangle stud were smaller than round stud. The different stud shapes of firm ground soccer shoes have little effect on the traction force. Knife stud has a higher risk of fifth metatarsal bone injury. The triangle stud shows good explosive force and provides the ability to change direction quickly. The round stud generally produces the minimum peak vertical ground reaction force and has a good capability of changing direction among the three shoes.

scholarly journals Plantar Loading During Cutting While Wearing a Rigid Carbon Fiber Insert

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin M. Queen ◽  
Alicia N. Abbey ◽  
Ravi Verma ◽  
Robert J. Butler ◽  
James A. Nunley
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Delayed Union ◽  
Stress Fractures ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Carbon Plate ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Force Time Integral

ContextStress fractures are one of the most common injuries in sports, accounting for approximately 10% of all overuse injuries. Treatment of fifth metatarsal stress fractures involves both surgical and nonsurgical interventions. Fifth metatarsal stress fractures are difficult to treat because of the risks of delayed union, nonunion, and recurrent injuries. Most of these injuries occur during agility tasks, such as those performed in soccer, basketball, and lacrosse.Objective:To examine the effect of a rigid carbon graphite footplate on plantar loading during 2 agility tasks.Design: Crossover study.Setting:Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants:A total of 19 recreational male athletes with no history of lower extremity injury in the past 6 months and no previous metatarsal stress fractures were tested.Main Outcome Measure(s): Seven 45° side-cut and crossover-cut tasks were completed in a shoe with or without a full-length rigid carbon plate. Testing order between the shoe conditions and the 2 cutting tasks was randomized. Plantar-loading data were recorded using instrumented insoles. Peak pressure, maximum force, force-time integral, and contact area beneath the total foot, the medial and lateral midfoot, and the medial, middle, and lateral forefoot were analyzed. A series of paired t tests was used to examine differences between the footwear conditions (carbon graphite footplate, shod) for both cutting tasks independently (α = .05).Results:During the side-cut task, the footplate increased total foot and lateral midfoot peak pressures while decreasing contact area and lateral midfoot force-time integral. During the crossover-cut task, the footplate increased total foot and lateral midfoot peak pressure and lateral forefoot force-time integral while decreasing total and lateral forefoot contact area.Conclusions:Although a rigid carbon graphite footplate altered some aspects of the plantar-pressure profile during cutting in uninjured participants, it was ineffective in reducing plantar loading beneath the fifth metatarsal.

THE EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN STEP WIDTH ON PLANTAR FOOT PRESSURE PATTERNS OF YOUNG FEMALE SUBJECTS DURING WALKING

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 1071-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
SU-YA LEE ◽  
CHEN-YU CHOU ◽  
YI-YOU HOU ◽  
YU-LIN WANG ◽  
CHICH-HAUNG YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Force Time Integral

The aim of this study was to investigate the foot plantar pressure distribution and the effect of different step width during walking. Methods: Nineteen female volunteers who aged 18~30 years old and with no history of lower extremity injury were considered. Subjects walked at a pre-determined set speed with varied step width (5 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm) for three trials at each step width. This study used an in-sole plantar pressure measurement system to collect the peak pressure, maximum ground reaction force, pressure–time integral, and force–time integral data of eight different foot regions. Results: The data revealed that the peak plantar foot pressure on the medial arch increased with wider step width (p < 0.05). In contrast, maximum ground reaction force, peak plantar pressure, pressure–time integral, and force–time integral on the lateral arch and lateral side of the metatarsals decreased with wider step width (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that smaller step width during walking result in decreasing the pressure on the medial arch of the foot. It may have the relieving effect for clients with pes planus and it can be a reference for rehabilitation clinicians while treating the above-mentioned subjects.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of the Effect of Outsole Hardness on Lower Limb Kinematics and Kinetics during Soccer Related Movements

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Sun ◽  
Qichang Mei ◽  
Julien S Baker ◽  
Xuewen Jia ◽  
Yaodong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Stance Phase ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics ◽  
Force Time Integral

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different outsole hardness of turf cleats shoes on the lower limb kinematics and kinetics of soccer players playing on artificial turf. The participants were required to complete tasks of straight running and 45° left sidestep cutting movements, respectively, at the speed of 4.5 ± 0.2 m/s on artificial turf. They were asked to randomly select turf cleats shoes with a soft outsole (SO), medium hardness outsole (MO) and hard outsole (HO). During the stance phase of straight running, peak pressure and force-time integral in medial forefoot (MFF) of players wearing cleats shoes with MO were significantly higher than those wearing cleats shoes with SO. During the stance phase of a 45° cutting maneuver, players wearing cleats shoes with SO showed significantly higher peak knee flexion and abduction angles than the HO group. Players wearing cleats shoes with SO also showed higher ankle dorsiflexion and inversion angles compared with those wearing cleats shoes with HO. The vertical average loading rate (VALR) as well as peak pressure and force-time integral in the heel (H) and lateral forefoot (LFF) regions of players wearing cleats shoes with HO were significantly higher than those wearing shoes with SO. On the contrary, peak pressure and force-time integral of players wearing shoes with SO were significantly higher than those wearing shoes with HO in MFF. A higher vertical loading rate and plantar pressure of some areas may increase the potential risk of metatarsal stress fractures and plantar fasciitis. Therefore, this finding about turf cleats shoes could give some theoretic support for the design of turf cleats shoes and material optimization in the future.

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