scholarly journals Identification of phenolic secondary metabolites fromSchotia brachypetalaSond. (Fabaceae) and demonstration of their antioxidant activities inCaenorhabditis elegans

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Sobeh ◽  
Esraa ElHawary ◽  
Herbenya Peixoto ◽  
Rola M. Labib ◽  
Heba Handoussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Dose Dependent

BackgroundSchotia brachypetalaSond. (Fabaceae) is an endemic tree of Southern Africa whose phytochemistry and pharmacology were slightly studied. The present work aimed at profiling the major phenolics compounds present in the hydro-alcohol extract fromS. brachypetalaleaves (SBE) using LC/HRESI/MS/MS and NMR and prove their antioxidant capabilities using novel methods.MethodsIn vitroassays; DPPH, TEAC persulfate decolorizing kinetic and FRAP assays, andin vivoassays:Caenorhabditis elegansstrains maintenance, Intracellular ROS inC. elegans, Survival assay, GFP expression and Subcellular DAF-16 localization were employed to evaluate the antioxidant activity.ResultsMore than forty polyphenols, including flavonoid glycosides, galloylated flavonoid glycosides, isoflavones, dihydrochalcones, procyanidins, anthocyanins, hydroxy benzoic acid derivatives, hydrolysable tannins, and traces of methylated and acetylated flavonoid derivatives were identified. Three compounds were isolated and identified from the genusSchotiafor the first time, namely gallic acid, myricetin-3-O-α-L-1C4-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-O-L-1C4-rhamnoside. The total phenolics content of SBE was (376 mg CAE/g), followed by flavonoids (67.87 QE/g).In vitroantioxidant activity of SBE was evidenced by DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50of 9 µg/mL), FRAP ferric reducing activity (5,000 mol Fe2+E/mg) and ABTS peroxide inhibiting activity (1,054 mM Trolox E/mg). The tested extract was able to protect the worms against juglone induced oxidative stress, an increased survival rate (up to 41%) was recorded, when compared with the control group (11%) and attenuate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in dose-dependent and reached up to 72% for the highest tested concentration. SBE was also able to attenuate the levels of heat shock protein (HSP) expression in dose-dependent up to 60% in the 150 µg SBE/mL group. In DAF-16 Subcellular localization SBE treated worms showed nuclear localization pattern up to 78%, while it was only 5% in the untreated control group.DiscussionA pronounced antioxidant activityin vivo, which can be attributed to its ability to promote the nuclear translocation of DAF-16/FOXO, the main transcription factor regulating the expression of stress response genes. The remarkable antioxidant activityin vitroandin vivocorrelates to SBE rich phenolic profile.

scholarly journals Identification of phenolic secondary metabolites from Schotia brachypetala Sond. (Fabaceae) and demonstration of their antioxidant activities in Caenorhabditis elegans

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Sobeh ◽  
Esraa A ElHawary ◽  
Herbenya Peixoto ◽  
Rola M Labib ◽  
Heba Handoussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
C Elegans

Background: Schotia brachypetala Sond. (Fabaceae) is an endemic tree of Southern Africa whose phytochemistry and pharmacology were slightly studied.The present work aimed at profiling the major phenolics compounds present in the hydro-alcoholic extract from S. brachypetala leaves (SBE) using LC/HRESI/MS/MS and NMR and prove their antioxidant capabilities using novel methods. Methods: In vitro assays; DPPH, TEAC persulfate decolorizing kinetic and FRAP assays, and in vivo assays: Caenorhabditis elegans strains maintenance, Intracellular ROS in C. elegans, Survival assay, GFP expression and Subcellular DAF-16 localization were employed to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Results: More than forty polyphenols ,including flavonoid glycosides, galloylated flavonoid glycosides, isoflavones, dihydrochalcones, procyanidins, anthocyanins, hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, hydrolysable tannins, and traces of methylated and acetylated flavonoid derivatives were identified. Three compounds were isolated and identified from the genus Schotia for the first time, namely gallic acid, myricetin-3-O-α-L-1C4-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-O-L-1C4-rhamnoside.The tested extract was able to protect the worms against juglone induced oxidative stress and attenuate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. SBE was also able to attenuate the levels of heat shock protein (HSP) expression. Discussion: A pronounced antioxidant activity in vivo, which can be attributed to its ability to promote the nuclear translocation of DAF-16/FOXO, the main transcription factor regulating the expression of stress response genes. The remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo correlates to SBE rich phenolic profile.

scholarly journals Identification of phenolic secondary metabolites from Schotia brachypetala Sond. (Fabaceae) and demonstration of their antioxidant activities in Caenorhabditis elegans

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Sobeh ◽  
Esraa A ElHawary ◽  
Herbenya Peixoto ◽  
Rola M Labib ◽  
Heba Handoussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
C Elegans

Background: Schotia brachypetala Sond. (Fabaceae) is an endemic tree of Southern Africa whose phytochemistry and pharmacology were slightly studied.The present work aimed at profiling the major phenolics compounds present in the hydro-alcoholic extract from S. brachypetala leaves (SBE) using LC/HRESI/MS/MS and NMR and prove their antioxidant capabilities using novel methods. Methods: In vitro assays; DPPH, TEAC persulfate decolorizing kinetic and FRAP assays, and in vivo assays: Caenorhabditis elegans strains maintenance, Intracellular ROS in C. elegans, Survival assay, GFP expression and Subcellular DAF-16 localization were employed to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Results: More than forty polyphenols ,including flavonoid glycosides, galloylated flavonoid glycosides, isoflavones, dihydrochalcones, procyanidins, anthocyanins, hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, hydrolysable tannins, and traces of methylated and acetylated flavonoid derivatives were identified. Three compounds were isolated and identified from the genus Schotia for the first time, namely gallic acid, myricetin-3-O-α-L-1C4-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-O-L-1C4-rhamnoside.The tested extract was able to protect the worms against juglone induced oxidative stress and attenuate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. SBE was also able to attenuate the levels of heat shock protein (HSP) expression. Discussion: A pronounced antioxidant activity in vivo, which can be attributed to its ability to promote the nuclear translocation of DAF-16/FOXO, the main transcription factor regulating the expression of stress response genes. The remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo correlates to SBE rich phenolic profile.

scholarly journals Selenylation Modification of Atractylodes macrocephala Polysaccharide and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranran Hou ◽  
Qiu Li ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Yuanliang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Ftir Spectrometry ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Selenylation Modification ◽  
Atractylodes Macrocephala

The Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide (AMP) was extracted by water extracting-alcohol precipitating method and further purified by DEAE column. After that, the polysaccharides were modified by nitric acid-sodium selenite method, and nine kinds of selenizing AMPs (sAMPs) were obtained, namely, from sAMP1 to sAMP9. AMP and sAMP were characterized using FTIR spectrometry. Then their antioxidant activities in vitro were measured by free radical-scavenging test. Among these, sAMP6 presented the strongest antioxidant effect. For the test in vivo, the chickens at day 14 vaccinated with ND vaccine were repeatedly vaccinated at day 28. The chickens in sAMP and AMP were injected respectively with 1 mg of sAMP6 and AMP and, in vaccination control (VC) and BC groups, injected with equal volume of normal saline. Respectively, after the first vaccine, on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, the serum GSH-Px and SOD activities and MDA content were determined. The results suggested that sAMP6 could significantly promote GSH-Px and SOD activities and decrease MDA content. All these results indicated that selenylation modification could significantly enhance the antioxidant activity of AMP.

scholarly journals A Review of Recent Studies on the Antioxidant Activities of a Third-Millennium Food: Amaranthus spp.

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Seon-Joo Park ◽  
Anshul Sharma ◽  
Hae-Jeung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Amaranth Species ◽  
Amaranthus Spp

Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) plant commonly refers to the sustainable food crop for the 21st century. The crop has witnessed significant attention in recent years due to its high nutritional value and agronomic advantages. It is a relatively well-balanced cosmopolitan food that is a protector against chronic diseases. Usually, the antioxidant activities of amaranth are held responsible for its defensive behavior. Antioxidant activity of plants, generally, is attributed to their phytochemical compounds. The current interest, however, lies in hydrolysates and bioactive peptides because of their numerous biological functions, including antioxidant effect. While the importance of bioactive peptides has been progressively recognized, an integrated review of recent studies on the antioxidant ability of amaranth species, especially their hydrolysates and peptides has not been generated. Hence, in this review, we summarize studies focused on the antioxidant capacity of amaranth renewal over the period 2015–2020. It starts with a background and overall image of the amaranth-related published reviews. The current research focusing on in vitro, in vivo, and chemical assays-based antioxidant activity of different amaranth species are addressed. Finally, the last segment includes the latest studies concerning free radical scavenging activity and metal chelation capacity of amaranth protein hydrolysates and bioactive peptides.

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of the Leaf Latex of Aloe Weloensis (Aloaceae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gedefaw Getnet Amare ◽  
Tadesse Awgichew ◽  
Solomon Ahmed ◽  
Zemene Demelash Kifle
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Pack Cell Volume ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
Parasitemia Level ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background: Nature has gifted a variety of plants having potential effect against plasmodium parasites. The present study was aimed to determine in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity of the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis.Methods: In vitro antimalarial activity of the leaf latex of A. weloensis was determined against 3D7 strain of P. falciparum. Antimalarial activity of the three doses the latex was evaluated in 4 day-suppressive and curative models against P. berghei infected mice. Antioxidant activity of the leaf latex of A. weloensis was assessed in 2,2- diphenyl 1- picrylhydrazine assay model. Results: Antioxidant activity of the latex was concentration dependent; the strongest inhibition was measured at 400 μg/mL (73.54%). The leaf latex of A. weloensis was demonstrated inhibitory activity against 3D7 malarial strain (IC50 = 9.14 μg/ml). Suppressive and curative effect of the latex was found to be dose dependent. Parasitemia reduction was significant (200 mg/kg, p<0.01, 400 and ,600 mg/kg, p<0.001) in 4-day suppressive test compared to vehicle control. Parasitemia level of the mice treated with 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg doses of the latex significantly (p<0.001) reduced with suppression of 36%, 58% and 64% respectively in curative test. Administration of the leaf latex of A. weloensis significantly (p<0.01) improved mean survival time, pack cell volume, rectal temperature and body weight of P. berghei infected mice. Conclusion: The finding showed that the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis endowed prominent antimalarial and antioxidant activities. The result can serve as a step towards the development of safe and effective herbal therapy against plasmodium parasites.

scholarly journals Investigation of Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and the Effects of Alfalfa Flavonoids on Growth Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Qi An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group

The flavonoids were extracted from alfalfa using ethanol assisted with ultrasonic extraction and purified by D101 macroporous resin column chromatography. The chemical composition and content of ethanol elution fractions (EEFs) were assessed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite-sodium hydroxide colorimetric method. The in vitro antioxidant activity of two EEFs was conducted by scavenging DPPH free radical, and the main antioxidants of 75% EEFs were screened using DPPH-UHPLC. Moreover, the in vivo antioxidant activity of 75% EEFs and the growth performance of broilers were studied. The results showed that the content of 30% and 75% EEFs was 26.20% and 62.57%. Fifteen compounds were identified from 75% EEFs, and five of them were reported in alfalfa for the first time. The scavenging activity of 75% and 30% EEFs (200 μg/mL) against DPPH was 95.51% and 78.85%. The peak area of 5,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavone and hyperoside was decreased by 82.69% and 76.04%, which exhibited strong scavenging capacities. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) level of three treated groups against the normal control group (NC) fed with basal diet significantly increased by 3.89-24.49%, 0.53-7.39%, and 0.79-11.79%, respectively. While the malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased by 0.47-18.27%. Compared with the NC, the feed to gain ratio (F : G) of three treated groups was lowered by 2.98-16.53% and survival rate of broilers significantly increased. Consequently, 75% EEFs extracted from alfalfa exhibited powerful antioxidant activities and might be a potential feed additive to poultry and livestock.

scholarly journals Optimization of Phenolic Compound Extraction from Chinese Moringa oleifera Leaves and Antioxidant Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Zhao ◽  
Jiawen Deng ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Yaqiang He ◽  
Tao Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Rich in phenolic compounds, Moringa oleifera leaf extract (ME) exhibits significant antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo. ME has already been widely used in fields of medicine, functional food, and cosmetics. Ultrasonic extraction (UE) method has been improved to be one of the most effective ways to extract phenols from M. oleifera leaves. The purpose of this study was to optimize ultrasonic extraction of phenols by response surface methodology (RSM). Four parameters were discussed, such as ethanol concentration, solvent-sample ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time. Also, purification methods of the crude ME by organic solvent extraction and column chromatography were examined. Antioxidant activities of ME and each fraction were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxy radical-scavenging activities and reducing power. The phenol content of the purified ME reached up to 962.6 mg RE/g, extremely higher than the crude extract 107.22 ± 1.93 mg RE/g. The antioxidant activity of the purified ME was also significantly improved. Furthermore, phenols were identified by using the HPLC-MS method, and the results showed that there were 6 phenolic acids and derivatives and 7 flavonoids in ME. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside isolated from ME showed excellent DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging abilities, which were comparable to VC.

scholarly journals Acetone Extract fromRhodomyrtus tomentosa: A Potent Natural Antioxidant

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goodla Lavanya ◽  
Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai ◽  
Nongporn Hutadilok Towatana
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

Rhodomyrtus tomentosa(Myrtaceae) has been employed in traditional Thai medicine to treat colic diarrhoea, dysentery, abscesses, haemorrhage, and gynaecopathy. In addition, it has been used to formulate skin-whitening, anti-aging and skin beautifying agents. Ethnomedical activities of this plant may be due its antioxidant property. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate bothin vitroandin vivoantioxidant activities ofR. tomentosaleaf extract.In vitroantioxidant activity of the extract was assessed by lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and metal chelating activity.R. tomentosaextract demonstrated its free radical scavenging effects in concentration dependent manner.In vivoantioxidant activity of the extract was conducted in SwissAlbinomice. Levels of thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in blood, liver, and kidney were analyzed using microtitre plate photometer. Administration of CCl4caused significant increase in TBARS and decrease in GSH, SOD, CAT and GPx levels. In contrast,R. tomentosaextract (0.8 g/kg) effectively prevented these alterations and maintained the antioxidant status. The results suggest thatR. tomentosaextract can serve as a potent antioxidant.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities of Stilbenoids fromRheum emodiWall

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-yuan Chai ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Yan-li Li ◽  
Ke Liu ◽  
Hui Xu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Rheum emodiWall has been reported to possess protective effect in many inflammatory diseases and oxidative stress-related injuries. This study aims to investigate antioxidant power of stilbenoids fromR. emodiand then explore the material basis for its antioxidant potential. The most abundant stilbenoid piceatannol-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PICG) and its aglycon piceatannol (PICE) were isolated fromR. emodirhizome. Using well-accepted antioxidant chemicals as reference, antioxidant activity of these stilbenoids was examined by measuring DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and inhibition of lipid peroxidationin vitro. Both PICG and PICE displayed promising antioxidant activity in all the four assays. Comparisons among the tested compounds indicated that PICE has the most potent antioxidant activity and the presence of 3′-hydroxyl group may enhance antioxidant activity of stilbenoids. The antioxidative effect of PICE at the cellular level was further demonstrated on the model of hydrogen-peroxide-induced H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts injury. Taking into account the rapidin vivometabolic transformation of PICG into PICE it can be inferred that the most abundant stilbenoid PICG may be an important constituent responsible for the antioxidant potential ofR. emodiand promising to be developed as an antioxidant agent for supplementary or therapeutic use.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity of the Ethanol Extract of Manilkara zapota Leaf

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Islam ◽  
M. S. Parvin ◽  
M. R. Islam ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
S. M. R. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Manilkara Zapota

The present study evaluated the antioxidant activity of cold ethanolic extract of Manilkara zapota (Sapotaceae) leaves. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, reducing power capacity, total phenol and flavonoid content. The extract demonstrated significant dose dependent antioxidant activity in vitro methods. In DPPH radical scavenging assay IC50 values of Manilkara zapota leaves (MZL) and ascorbic acid (standard) were found to be 68.27 and 16.17 μg/ml, respectively. In vivo, the extract was evaluated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage rats in hepatoprotective model. CCl4 produced significant alteration of serum marker enzymes, total bilirubin, total protein and liver weight. Restoration of these values towards normal, which is comparable to control group, indicated hepatoprotective activity, which reflects the antioxidant potential of the extract. Results presented here indicate that MZL possess strong antioxidant activity and they can therefore be used as a good natural source of antioxidant.Keywords: MZL; DPPH; Scavenging activity; Serum marker enzymes.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i1.7148J. Sci. Res. 4 (1), 193-202 (2012)

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