Multiple, independent colonizations of the Hawaiian Archipelago by the family Dolichopodidae (Diptera)

The family Dolichopodidae forms two of the four largest evolutionary radiations in the Hawaiian Islands across all flies:Campsicnemus(183 spp) and theEurynogastercomplex (66 spp). They also include a small radiation ofConchopus(6 spp). A handful of other dolichopodid species are native to the islands in singleton lineages or small radiations. This study provides a phylogenetic perspective on the colonization history of the dolichopodid fauna in the islands. We generated a multi-gene data set including representatives from 11 of the 14 endemic Hawaiian dolichopodid genera to examine the history of colonization to the islands, and analyzed it using Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic methods. We used a subset of the data that includedConchopusand the eight genera comprising theEurynogastercomplex to estimate the first phylogenetic hypothesis for these endemic groups, then used Beast to estimate their age of arrival to the archipelago. TheEurynogastercomplex, CampsicnemusandConchopusare clearly the result of independent colonizations.The results strongly support theEurynogastercomplex as a monophyletic group, and also supports the monophyly of 4 of the 8 described genera within the complex (Adachia, Arciellia, UropachysandEurynogaster). Members of the family Dolichopodidae have been dispersing over vast distances to colonize the Hawaiian Archipelago for millions of years, leading to multiple independent evolutionary diversification events. TheEurynogastercomplex arrived in the Hawaiian Archipelago 11.8 Ma, well before the arrival ofCampsicnemus(4.5 Ma), and the even more recentConchopus(1.8 Ma). Data presented here demonstrate that the Hawaiian Dolichopodidae both disperse and diversify easily, a rare combination that lays the groundwork for field studies on the reproductive isolating mechanisms and ecological partitioning of this group.

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Multiple, independent colonizations of the Hawaiian Archipelago by the family Dolichopodidae (Diptera)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.2299 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Kari Roesch Goodman ◽

Neal Evenhuis ◽

Pavla Bartošová-Sojková ◽

Patrick Michael O'Grady

Keyword(s):

Field Studies ◽

Data Set ◽

Hawaiian Archipelago ◽

Evolutionary Diversification ◽

Isolating Mechanisms ◽

The Family ◽

History Of ◽

Phylogenetic Perspective ◽

Evolutionary Radiations ◽

Gene Data

The family Dolichopodidae forms two of the four largest evolutionary radiations in the Hawaiian Islands across all flies: Campsicnemus (183 spp) and the Eurynogaster complex (66 spp). They also include a small radiation of Conchopus (6 spp). A handful of other dolichopodid species are native to the islands in singleton lineages or small radiations. This study provides a phylogenetic perspective on the colonization history of the dolichopodid fauna in the islands. We generated a multi gene data set including representatives from 11 of the 14 endemic Hawaiian dolichopodid genera to examine the history of colonization to the islands, and analyzed it using Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic methods. We used a subset of the data that included Conchopus and the eight genera comprising the Eurynogaster complex to estimate the first phylogenetic hypothesis for these endemic groups, then used Beast to estimate their age of arrival to the archipelago. The Eurynogaster complex, Campsicnemus and Conchopus are clearly the result of independent colonizations. The results strongly support the Eurynogaster complex as a monophyletic group, and also supports the monophyly of 4 of the 8 described genera within the complex (Adachia, Arciellia, Uropachys and Eurynogaster). Members of the family Dolichopodidae have been dispersing over vast distances to colonize the Hawaiian Archipelago for millions of years, leading to multiple independent evolutionary diversification events. The Eurynogaster complex arrived in the Hawaiian Archipelago 11.8 Ma, well before the arrival of Campsicnemus (4.5 Ma), and the even more recent Conchopus (1.8 Ma). Data presented here demonstrate that the Hawaiian Dolichopodidae both disperse and diversify easily, a rare combination that lays the groundwork for field studies on the reproductive isolating mechanisms and ecological partitioning of this group.

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Multiple, independent colonizations of the Hawaiian Archipelago by the family Dolichopodidae (Diptera)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.2299v1 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Kari Roesch Goodman ◽

Neal Evenhuis ◽

Pavla Bartošová-Sojková ◽

Patrick Michael O'Grady

Keyword(s):

Field Studies ◽

Data Set ◽

Hawaiian Archipelago ◽

Evolutionary Diversification ◽

Isolating Mechanisms ◽

The Family ◽

History Of ◽

Phylogenetic Perspective ◽

Evolutionary Radiations ◽

Gene Data

The family Dolichopodidae forms two of the four largest evolutionary radiations in the Hawaiian Islands across all flies: Campsicnemus (183 spp) and the Eurynogaster complex (66 spp). They also include a small radiation of Conchopus (6 spp). A handful of other dolichopodid species are native to the islands in singleton lineages or small radiations. This study provides a phylogenetic perspective on the colonization history of the dolichopodid fauna in the islands. We generated a multi gene data set including representatives from 11 of the 14 endemic Hawaiian dolichopodid genera to examine the history of colonization to the islands, and analyzed it using Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic methods. We used a subset of the data that included Conchopus and the eight genera comprising the Eurynogaster complex to estimate the first phylogenetic hypothesis for these endemic groups, then used Beast to estimate their age of arrival to the archipelago. The Eurynogaster complex, Campsicnemus and Conchopus are clearly the result of independent colonizations. The results strongly support the Eurynogaster complex as a monophyletic group, and also supports the monophyly of 4 of the 8 described genera within the complex (Adachia, Arciellia, Uropachys and Eurynogaster). Members of the family Dolichopodidae have been dispersing over vast distances to colonize the Hawaiian Archipelago for millions of years, leading to multiple independent evolutionary diversification events. The Eurynogaster complex arrived in the Hawaiian Archipelago 11.8 Ma, well before the arrival of Campsicnemus (4.5 Ma), and the even more recent Conchopus (1.8 Ma). Data presented here demonstrate that the Hawaiian Dolichopodidae both disperse and diversify easily, a rare combination that lays the groundwork for field studies on the reproductive isolating mechanisms and ecological partitioning of this group.

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MUSEUM ETHNOGRAPHY IN THE CONTEXT OF ETHNOGRAPHIC FINNO-UGRIC STUDIES IN THE USSR (1920s-1930s)

Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies ◽

10.35634/2224-9443-2021-15-4-715-721 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 715-721

Author(s):

Aleksei Egorovich Zagrebin ◽

Valerii Engelsovich Sharapov

Keyword(s):

Nation Building ◽

Museum Studies ◽

Field Studies ◽

Local History ◽

Visual Images ◽

Educational Work ◽

The Family ◽

National Movements ◽

History Of

This paper offers a discussion of the role of ethnographic Finno-Ugric studies in Soviet nation building. In particular, it is concerned with the issue of representation of ethnicity/ethnic identity in various fields of museum studies: expeditions, local history, educational work, and exhibition activities. Special attention is paid to the field studies of Moscow and Leningrad ethnographers who participated in the formation of collections of regional museums of local lore and the construction of “authentic” visual images of Finno-Ugric peoples in the Soviet ethnographic portrait of the “family of peoples of the USSR”. One of the key questions is how the ethnographic reality and the transformative perspective of Soviet nation building correlated in the expedition practice. The role of the institute of museums in national movements is emphasized in recent studies of the history of Russian ethnography and the implementation of various ethnographic projects. In the authors’ opinion, ethnographers who conducted expert and scientific research, acted as intermediaries in the dialogue/conflict between local communities and authorities in building a regional national discourse.

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Evolution and phylogeny of the deep-sea isopod families Desmosomatidae Sars, 1897 and Nannoniscidae Hansen, 1916 (Isopoda: Asellota)

Organisms Diversity & Evolution ◽

10.1007/s13127-021-00509-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Saskia Brix ◽

Christoph Held ◽

Stefanie Kaiser ◽

Robert M. Jennings ◽

Amy Driskell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Biogeographic Pattern ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽

Molecular Tree ◽

The Family ◽

Close Relationship ◽

History Of ◽

Evolutionary Radiations ◽

Relationship Of

AbstractIn the deep sea, the phylogeny and biogeography of only a few taxa have been well studied. Although more than 200 species in 32 genera have been described for the asellote isopod families Desmosomatidae Sars, 1897 and Nannoniscidae Hansen, 1916 from all ocean basins, their phylogenetic relationships are not completely understood. There is little doubt about the close relationship of these families, but the taxonomic position of a number of genera is so far unknown. Based on a combined morphological phylogeny using the Hennigian method with a dataset of 107 described species and a molecular phylogeny based on three markers (COI, 16S, and 18S) with 75 species (most new to science), we could separate Desmosomatidae and Nannoniscidae as separate families. However, we could not support the concept of the subfamilies Eugerdellatinae Hessler, 1970 and Desmosomatinae Hessler, 1970. Most genera of both families were well supported, but several genera appear as para- or even polyphyletic. Within both families, convergent evolution and analogies caused difficulty in defining apomorphies for phylogenetic reconstructions and this is reflected in the results of the concatenated molecular tree. There is no biogeographic pattern in the distribution as the genera occur over the entire Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, showing no specific phylogeographical pattern. Poor resolution at deep desmosomatid nodes may reflect the long evolutionary history of the family and rapid evolutionary radiations.

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Paleobiogeography: Documenting the Ebb and Flow of Evolutionary Diversification

The Paleontological Society Papers ◽

10.1017/s1089332600001224 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 15-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Daniel R. Brooks ◽

Kaila E. Folinsbee

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

A Priori ◽

Complex Data ◽

Powerful Method ◽

Evolutionary Diversification ◽

The Third ◽

Species Formation ◽

History Of ◽

Evolutionary Radiations ◽

Out Of Africa

Historical biogeography has recently experienced a significant advancement in three integrated areas. The first is the adoption of an ontology of complexity, replacing the traditional ontology of simplicity, or a priori parsimony; simple and elegant models of the biosphere are not sufficient for explaining the geographical context of the origin of species and their post-speciation movements, producing evolutionary radiations and complex multi-species biotas. The second is the development of a powerful method for producing area cladograms from complex data, especially cases of reticulated area relationships, without loss of information. That method, called Phylogenetic Analysis for Comparing trees (PACT), is described herein. The third element is the replacement of the model of maximum vicariance with the model called the Taxon Pulse hypothesis. PACT analysis of Hominoidea, Hyaenidae, and Proboscidea beginning in the Miocene, reveals that all three groups share a general episode of species formation in Africa in the early Miocene, followed by “out of Africa” expansion into Europe, Asia and North America, a second general episode of species formation in Asia in the mid-Miocene, followed by “out of Asia” expansion into Africa, Europe and North America. Finally, there were two additional “out of Africa” events during the late Miocene and into the Pliocene, the last one setting the stage for the emergence and spread ofHomo. In addition to these shared episodes of vicariance and dispersal, each group exhibits clade-specific within-area and peripheral isolates speciation events. The complex history of dispersal and speciation over largeareas exhibited by hominoids is part of a more general historyof biotic diversification by taxon pulses.

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Systematic Position of the Enigmatic Psocid Family Lesneiidae (Insecta: Psocodea: Psocomorpha), With Description of Two New Species

Insect Systematics and Diversity ◽

10.1093/isd/ixaa019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Kazunori Yoshizawa ◽

Yuri M Marusik ◽

Izumi Yao ◽

Charles Lienhard

Keyword(s):

Molecular Data ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Data Set ◽

Bayesian Analyses ◽

The Family ◽

The Status ◽

Morphological Specialization ◽

Tight Association ◽

Close Relatives ◽

Gene Data

Abstract The systematic placement of an enigmatic psocid family restricted to Africa, Lesneiidae, was estimated by using a multiple gene data set. The candidates for its close relatives are now classified under two different infraorders, the family Archipsocidae of the infraorder Archipsocetae or the families Elipsocidae/Mesopsocidae of the infraorder Homilopsocidea. The maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of the molecular data set strongly suggested that the Lesneiidae belongs to Homilopsocidea and forms a clade with Elipsocidae/Mesopsocidae/Eolachesillinae (Lachesillidae). However, the relationships among these (sub)families and Lesneiidae, including the monophyly of Elipsocidae and Mesopsocidae, were ambiguous or questionable, showing the necessity of further investigations for elucidating their relationships and validating the status of these families. Two species, L. johnsoni Yoshizawa & Lienhard, n. sp. and L. testudinata Yoshizawa & Lienhard, n. sp. (Psocodea: Lesneiidae), were described from South Africa. There appears to be a tight association between the reproductive biology and morphological specialization of this group.

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The Prevalence of Hereditary Antithrombin-III Deficiency in Patients with a History of Venous Thromboembolism

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1660123 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 54 (04) ◽

pp. 744-745 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

R Vikydal ◽

C Korninger ◽

P A Kyrle ◽

H Niessner ◽

I Pabinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Antithrombin Iii ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Normal Range ◽

The Family ◽

History Of ◽

Antithrombin Iii Deficiency ◽

Recurrent Venous Thrombosis ◽

Antithrombin Iii Activity ◽

Slight Deficiency

SummaryAntithrombin-III activity was determined in 752 patients with a history of venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism. 54 patients (7.18%) had an antithrombin-III activity below the normal range. Among these were 13 patients (1.73%) with proven hereditary deficiency. 14 patients were judged to have probable hereditary antithrombin-III deficiency, because they had a positive family history, but antithrombin-III deficiency could not be verified in other members of the family. In the 27 remaining patients (most of them with only slight deficiency) hereditary antithrombin-III deficiency was unlikely. The prevalence of hereditary antithrombin-III deficiency was higher in patients with recurrent venous thrombosis.

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Can a Narcissist Ever Marry?: James Fisher and The Uninvited Guest

Couple and Family Psychoanalysis ◽

10.33212/cfp.v4n1.2014.86 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Brett Kahr

Keyword(s):

Clinical Material ◽

Couple Relationships ◽

Cocktail Party ◽

False Self ◽

Winter's Tale ◽

Pathological Narcissism ◽

The Family ◽

History Of ◽

Marital Partners

Few books in the burgeoning field of couple psychoanalysis have garnered as much admiration as James Fisher's The Uninvited Guest: Emerging from Narcissism towards Marriage. In this memorial essay, the author pays tribute to the late Dr Fisher and to his perennial book which explores the ways in which pathological narcissism, among other factors, inhibit the development of spousal intimacy, often destroying partnerships entirely. The author describes the creative way in which Fisher drew upon great works of literature, most notably William Shakespeare's A Winter's Tale, and T. S. Eliot's The Cocktail Party, as well as long-forgotten clinical material from Fisher's predecessors at the Family Discussion Bureau (forerunner of the Tavistock Centre for Couple Relationships), in order to understand the ways in which marital partners struggle with false self couplings. The author assesses the importance of Fisher's contribution in the context of the history of couple psychoanalysis.

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