scholarly journals Pre- versus post-exercise protein intake has similar effects on muscular adaptations

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Jon Schoenfeld ◽  
Alan Aragon ◽  
Colin Wilborn ◽  
Stacie L. Urbina ◽  
Sara E. Hayward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Equal Dose ◽  
Baseline Testing ◽  
University Population ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Anabolic Window ◽  
Composition Changes

The purpose of this study was to test the anabolic window theory by investigating muscle strength, hypertrophy, and body composition changes in response to an equal dose of protein consumed either immediately pre- versus post-resistance training (RT) in trained men. Subjects were 21 resistance-trained men (>1 year RT experience) recruited from a university population. After baseline testing, participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 experimental groups: a group that consumed a supplement containing 25 g protein and 1 g carbohydrate immediately prior to exercise (PRE-SUPP) (n = 9) or a group that consumed the same supplement immediately post-exercise (POST-SUPP) (n = 12). The RT protocol consisted of three weekly sessions performed on non-consecutive days for 10 weeks. A total-body routine was employed with three sets of 8–12 repetitions for each exercise. Results showed that pre- and post-workout protein consumption had similar effects on all measures studied (p > 0.05). These findings refute the contention of a narrow post-exercise anabolic window to maximize the muscular response and instead lends support to the theory that the interval for protein intake may be as wide as several hours or perhaps more after a training bout depending on when the pre-workout meal was consumed.

scholarly journals Does Beef Protein Supplementation Improve Body Composition and Exercise Performance? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro L. Valenzuela ◽  
Fernando Mata ◽  
Javier S. Morales ◽  
Adrián Castillo-García ◽  
Alejandro Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Total Protein Intake ◽  
Improve Body Composition

Protein supplementation might improve body composition and exercise performance. Supplements containing whey protein (WP) have received the most attention, but other protein sources such as beef protein (BP) are gaining popularity. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of exercise training combined with BP, WP or no protein supplementation (NP), on body composition or exercise performance. Secondary endpoints included intervention effects on total protein intake and hematological parameters. Seven studies (n = 270 participants) were included. No differences were found between BP and WP for total protein intake (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.04, p = 0.892), lean body mass (LBM) (SMD = −0.01, p = 0.970) or fat mass (SMD = 0.07, p = 0.760). BP significantly increased total daily protein intake (SMD = 0.68, p < 0.001), LBM (SMD = 0.34, p = 0.049) and lower-limb muscle strength (SMD = 0.40, p = 0.014) compared to NP, but no significant differences were found between both conditions for fat mass (SMD = 0.15, p = 0.256), upper-limb muscle strength (SMD = 0.16, p = 0.536) or total iron intake (SMD = 0.29, p = 0.089). In summary, BP provides similar effects to WP on protein intake and body composition and, compared to NP, might be an effective intervention to increase total daily protein intake, LBM and lower-limb muscle strength.

Measurement of total body composition changes of common carp by computer tomography

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 991-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Hancz ◽  
Róbert Romvári ◽  
András Szabó ◽  
Tamás Molnár ◽  
István Magyary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Computer Tomography ◽  
Total Body Composition ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Composition Changes

Effects of an Alleged Myostatin-Binding Supplement and Heavy Resistance Training on Serum Myostatin, Muscle Strength and Mass, and Body Composition

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryn S. Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Heavy Resistance Training ◽  
Total Body

This study examined 12 wk of resistance training and cystoseim canariensis supplementation on serum levels of myostatin and follistatin-like related gene (FLRG) and muscle strength and body composition. Twenty-two untrained males were randomly assigned to a placebo (PLC) or myostatin binder (MYO) group in a double-blind fashion. Blood was obtained before and after 6 and 12 wk of training. PLC and MYO trained thrice weekly using 3 sets of 6 to 8 repetitions at 85% to 90% 1 repetition maximum. MYO ingested 1200 mg/d of cystoseim canariensis. Data were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA. After training, total body mass, fat-free mass, muscle strength, thigh volume/mass, and serum myostatin and FLRG increased for both groups (P < 0.05); however, there were no differences between groups (P > 0.05). Twelve wk of heavy resistance training and 1200 mg/d of cystoseim canariensis supplementation appears ineffective at inhibiting serum myostatin and increasing muscle strength and mass or decreasing fat mass.

scholarly journals Effects of protein intake and gender on body composition changes: a randomized clinical weight loss trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M Evans ◽  
Mina C Mojtahedi ◽  
Matthew P Thorpe ◽  
Rudy J Valentine ◽  
Penny M Kris-Etherton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Composition Changes

Use of total-body electrical conductivity for monitoring body composition changes during weight reduction

1987 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D Van Loan ◽  
A Z Belko ◽  
P L Mayclin ◽  
T F Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Composition Changes

Vitamin D Supplementation and Body Composition Changes in Collegiate Basketball Players A 12-Week Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Hew-Butler ◽  
Carrie Aprik ◽  
Brigid Byrd ◽  
Jordan Sauborin ◽  
Matthew VanSumeren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Collegiate Basketball ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Composition Changes

Abstract BackgroundVitamin D promotes bone and muscle growth in non-athletes, suggesting supplementation may be ergogenic in athletes. Our primary aim was to determine if modest Vitamin D supplementation augments favorable body composition changes (increased bone and lean mass, decreased fat mass) and performance in collegiate basketball players following 12-weeks of standardized training. MethodsMembers of a men’s and women’s NCAA D1 Basketball team were recruited. Volunteers were randomized to receive either a weekly 4000IU Vitamin D3 supplement (D3) or placebo (P) over 12-weeks of standardized pre-season strength training. Pre- and Post-measurements included: 1) serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-D); 2) body composition variables (total body lean, fat and bone mass) using a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan; and 3) vertical jump test to assess peak power output. Dietary intake was assessed using Food Frequency questionnaires. Main outcome measures included changes (∆: post- minus pre-intervention) in serum 25-OH-vitamin, body composition, and performance.ResultsEighteen of 23 players completed the trial (8 females/10 males). Eight received the placebo (20±1years; 3 females) while ten received Vitamin D3 (20±2years; 5 females). Weekly Vitamin D3 supplementation induced non-significant increases (∆) in serum 25-OH-vitamin D (2.6±7.2 vs. -3.5±5.3ng/mL;p=0.06), total body bone mineral content (BMC) (73.1±62.5 vs. 84.1±46.5g;p=0.68), and total body lean mass (2803.9±1655.4 vs. 4474.5±11389.8g; p=0.03), plus a non-significant change in body fat (-0.5±0.8 vs. -1.1±1.2%; p=0.19) (Vitamin D3 vs. placebo supplementation groups, respectively). Pre 25-OH-D correlated with both Δ total fat mass (g) (r=0.65;p=0.003) and Δ total body fat% (r=0.56;p=0.02). No differences noted in peak power output ∆ between the D3 vs. P group(-127.4±335.4 vs. 50.9±9W;NS). Participants in the D3 group ingested significantly fewer total calories (-526.2±583.9 vs. -10.0±400kcals;p=0.02) and sodium (-991.4±986.1 vs. 174.1±573.6mg;p=0.02) than participants in the P group.ConclusionsModest (~517IU/day) vitamin D3 supplementation did not enhance favorable changes in total body composition or performance, over 3-months of training, in collegiate basketball players. We alternatively exposed the potential role of sodium on bone metabolism. More practically speaking, weight training provides a robust training stimulus for bone and lean mass accrual, which likely predominates over isolated supplement use with adequate dietary intakes.Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN14155111. Registered 3 November 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14155111

scholarly journals Higher Total Protein Intake and Change in Total Protein Intake Impact Body Composition Changes in Adults Who Performed Exercise Training For 36 Weeks

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Eun Kim ◽  
Travis Conley ◽  
Eileen Weinheimer‐Haus ◽  
Wayne Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Total Protein Intake ◽  
Composition Changes

scholarly journals Effects of pre- and post-exercise intake of performance supplements on body composition, circumferences, and muscle strength in trained men during 6 weeks of resistance training

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Ormsbee ◽  
David Thomas ◽  
William K Mandler ◽  
Amber W Kinsey ◽  
Colin J Riley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Post Exercise

scholarly journals Body composition in professional female netball players within and between seasons: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Hogarth ◽  
Ava Farley ◽  
Max McKenzie ◽  
Brendan Burkett ◽  
Mark McKean
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Preparation Period ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Composition Changes

Abstract Background There is limited information on the physique attributes of female netball players from the highest playing standards and the typical body composition changes that occur with training and competition in these athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the body composition of professional female netball players and changes that occur within and between national premier netball seasons. Methods Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessments were conducted in 20 female netball players (age = 26.5 [4.7] years, body mass = 77.3 [9.7] kg, stature = 182.7 [9.5] cm) contracted to a Suncorp Super Netball team. Total body lean mass, fat mass, bone mass and bone mineral density were derived for 127 assessments collected over three seasons. Linear mixed effects modelling was used to examine changes in body composition measures within and between seasons. Results Goal circle players were heavier (12.3 [3.5] kg, p < 0.001, g = 1.51) and taller (15.0 [2.7] cm, p < 0.001, g = 2.30) than midcourt players, and midcourt players had greater lean mass (3.1 [1.6] %, p = 0.07, g = 0.85) and less fat mass (-3.3 [1.7] %, p = 0.06, g = -0.84) than goal circle players when values were normalised to body mass. Players achieved increases in lean mass (2,191 [263] g, p < 0.01, g = 0.45) and decreases in fat mass (-835 [351] g, p = 0.09, g = -0.16) following a preseason preparation period. There were no changes in lean mass (-394 [295] g, p = 0.54, g = 0.07) or fat mass (102 [389] g, p = 0.99, g = 0.04) from the start to the end of the 14-week competition period. Conclusions Professional female netball players achieve small changes in lean mass and fat mass during preseason preparation and maintain their physique over the competitive season. The results of this study can inform practitioners on the training content necessary to promote or maintain desired body composition changes in these athletes.

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