scholarly journals Is perfectionism associated with academic burnout through repetitive negative thinking?

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5004 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Garratt-Reed ◽  
Joel Howell ◽  
Lana Hayes ◽  
Mark Boyes
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Indirect Relationship

Academic burnout is prevalent among university students, although understanding of what predicts burnout is limited. This study aimed to test the direct and indirect relationship between two dimensions of perfectionism (Perfectionistic Concerns and Perfectionistic Strivings) and the three elements of Academic Burnout (Exhaustion, Inadequacy, and Cynicism) through Repetitive Negative Thinking. In a cross-sectional survey, undergraduate students (n = 126, Mage = 23.64, 79% female) completed well-validated measures of Perfectionism, Repetitive Negative Thinking, and Academic Burnout. Perfectionistic Concerns was directly associated with all elements of burnout, as well as indirectly associated with Exhaustion and Cynicism via Repetitive Negative Thinking. Perfectionistic Strivings was directly associated with less Inadequacy and Cynicism; however, there were no indirect associations between Perfectionistic Strivings and Academic Burnout operating through Repetitive Negative Thinking. Repetitive Negative Thinking was also directly related to more burnout Exhaustion and Inadequacy, but not Cynicism. It is concluded that future research should investigate whether interventions targeting Perfectionistic Concerns and Repetitive Negative Thinking can reduce Academic Burnout in university students.

Predictors of Food Skills in University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie A. Seabrook ◽  
Paula D.N. Dworatzek ◽  
June I. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Meal Planning

Purpose: To determine predictors of food skills in university students, specifically, the relative effects of a food and nutrition (FN) course; sex, age, and body mass index; food-related behaviours in the parental home; and food-related behaviours in university. Methods: Undergraduate students (n = 30 310) at Western University were invited to complete an online cross-sectional survey that assessed 7 components of food skills, from mechanical (e.g., peeling/chopping) to conceptual (e.g., weekly meal planning). The primary outcome measure was Total Food Skills Score (TFSS). All variables that were statistically associated with TFSS (P < 0.05) were analyzed hierarchically in 4 regression models. Results: The sample was comprised of 3354 students living independently for 2.6 ± 1.1 years. Students who had taken an FN course had higher food skills than those who had not (B = 30.72; P < 0.001), and this relationship remained significant through all subsequent models. The strongest predictor of food skills was meal preparation as a teen (B = 25.66; P < 0.001). Frequency of using a grocery list, packing a lunch, and time spent preparing meals on weekends were positively associated with food skills (P < 0.001), whereas frequency of buying pre-prepared meals was negatively associated with food skills (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Food skill development should occur well before young adults begin living independently.

scholarly journals A Complementary Alternative Medicine Questionnaire for Young Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. IMI.S2281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Patterson ◽  
Heather Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Complementary Alternative Medicine ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Limited information exists on how adolescents decide to use complementary/alternative medicine (CAM). There are also no instruments specific to CAM, for the young adult population, which makes it difficult to explore knowledge in this area. The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the CAM Questionnaire for Young Adults which measures young adults’ attitudes about CAM. Participants for this cross-sectional survey were selected from enrolled undergraduate students at an urban university. Factor analysis identified three subscales: 1) positive beliefs about CAM; 2) environmental influence; and 3) psychological comfort. The scale has good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79) and shows beginning demonstration of validity. Its use in this sample revealed that young adults who are female and have used CAM in the past for preventing or treating illness have the most positive attitude towards CAM and the greatest likelihood for continued use. The implication that prevention may play a role in young adults’ attitudes about CAM is a potential focus for future research.

scholarly journals Sexual Harassment in Academia: A Study of Forms, Prevalence and Perception

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
James Kay
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Campus Environment

This paper explores the primary forms and prevalence of sexual harassment on campus. It also looks into the general perception that students have concerning harassment. In a cross-sectional survey, 389 respondents filled a questionnaire on sexual harassment. Quantitative statistical analysis revealed that sexual harassment was significantly prevalent in academia. Two-thirds of university students are subjected to sexual harassment before they join campus. Many of the respondents acceded to have been subjected to sexually harassing behaviours but were resistant to label themselves as survivors of harassment. Perception was high among undergraduate students. Recommendations for the improvement of the situation to create a freer and safer campus environment and suggestions for further research are made.

scholarly journals Sense of Civic Responsibility Among University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Tilagavati Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Civic Responsibility ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

The purpose of this study is to examine the level of sense of civic responsibility among the university students and to identify specific factors that contribute to a sense of civic responsibility. A total of 1213 final year undergraduates’ students were recruited from five public universities. Since Malaysian public universities are heterogeneous in terms of student racial composition, stratified sampling was used to ensure the representativeness of the sample. A cross – sectional survey using a self- administered questionnaire was employed. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 was used in order to analyse the quantitative data obtained in this study. The demographic details and the level of sense of civic responsibility were analysed using descriptive statistics in order to obtain both the frequency and percentage for the data. Meanwhile, multiple regressions were used to determine the most influential factor that predicts a sense of civic responsibility among the final year undergraduate students. The results showed that respondents across the five institutions demonstrated a high level of sense of civic responsibility. Campus climate perception is the main contributor that caused the respondents to have a sense of civic responsibility. With regard to this, an institution of higher education can develop more effective strategies by stressing this factor. Student’s campus experiences have the potential to help students acquire the necessary knowledge, skill, values and motivation to take action in their communities as a thoughtful, engaged and socially responsible citizen.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey of Social Media Anxiety among students of University of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah O. Aluh ◽  
Thelma Chukwuobasi ◽  
Adaobi U. Mosanya
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Use Of Social Media

AbstractBackgroundSocial anxiety is one of the most prevalent and disabling anxiety disorders with lifetime prevalence rates ranging from 2 to 16% s in different populations. Considering the rising use of social media among university students, it is necessary to assess their social anxiety as a result of the use of social media platforms since social anxiety can affect social interaction in social mediaMethodsThe current study employed a cross-sectional descriptive approach and was carried out among undergraduate students of University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users (SAS-SMU) which is a data collection tool to assess levels of social anxiety experienced by university students while using social media platforms was used in the current study. Data were analyzed with IBM Statistical Products and Service Solutions (SPSS) for Windows, Version 20.0.ResultsA total of 228 out of the 380 questionnaires distributed were filled and returned (60% response rate). Social media usage was highest for WhatsApp (4.4±0.902) and Facebook (3.3±1.055). Social media anxiety was higher in females (69.00±12.59) than males (68.42±12.06) although this difference did not reach statistical significance (t = −0.356, p = 0.864). Social media usage was higher in females (35.02±5.04) than males (34.58±6.01) but the difference did not reach statistical significance (t = −0.603, p = 0.314). There was a non-significant negative association between Social media usage and social media anxiety (r = –0.051, p = 0.4450). More than half of the students (55.7%, n = 127) had social media anxiety.ConclusionIn conclusion, there was a negative non-significant correlation between social media usage and social anxiety. Investigations regarding social anxiety in social media are scarce from low and middle income countries and this is the first from an African country.

scholarly journals Preprint

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Thinking

So far, the large and expanding body of research on meditation has mostly focussed on the putative benefits of meditation on health and well-being. However, a growing number of reports indicate that psychologically distressing and difficult experiences can occur in the context of meditation practice. Very little is known about the prevalence and potential causes of these experiences. The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of distressing meditation-related experiences in a large international sample of regular meditators, and to explore the association of distressing meditation-related experiences with demographic characteristics, meditation practice, and mental health variables (here measured by repetitive negative thinking, mindfulness, and self-compassion). Using a cross-sectional online survey, 1,264 regular meditators (mean age = 44.7 years, SD = 13.9, 53.8% female) responded to one question about distressing meditation-related experiences (98.7% of the total sample). A total of 321 participants (25.4%, 95% CI: 23.0 to 27.8) reported distressing meditation-related experiences. Logistic regression models indicated a positive association between distressing meditation-related experiences and having meditation retreat experience (odds ratio = 1.65, p &lt; 0.001) and higher levels of repetitive negative thinking (OR = 1.17, p = 0.015). A negative association was found between distressing meditation-related experiences and identifying as religious (OR = 0.64, p = 0.001) and being female (OR) = 0.77, p = 0.045). The high prevalence of distressing meditation-related experiences reported here points to the importance of expanding the scientific conception of meditation beyond that of a (mental) health-promoting and self-regulating technique. We conclude with an overview of methodological and conceptual considerations that could be used to inform future research on distressing meditation-related experiences.

scholarly journals Attitudes towards Parenthood and Fertility Awareness in Female and Male University Students in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-337
Author(s):  
Hyewon Shin ◽  
Jungmin Lee ◽  
Shin Jeong Kim ◽  
Minjeong Jo
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fertility Awareness ◽  
Male Undergraduate ◽  
The Government ◽  
Male University Students ◽  
Provide Health Education

Purpose: This study investigated intentions and attitudes towards future parenthood and awareness of fertility among university students in South Korea.Methods: The participants comprised 166 female and male undergraduate students enrolled at five universities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to July 2019 using the Korean version of the Fertility Awareness Questionnaire and Attitudes of Parenthood. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics based on participants' general characteristics, the <i>x</i><sup>2</sup> test to identify differences in intentions, and the t-test to evaluate attitudes towards parenthood and awareness of fertility in female and male students.Results: Both female and male students desired to have two children, but they lacked awareness about fertility. The possibility of combining work and having children, along with the availability of childcare resources, impacted the desire for parenthood. Male students tended to consider parenthood as less impactful on their lives and careers than female students. Social structures might also impact the decision to have children.Conclusion: It is important to provide health education emphasizing fertility awareness and parenthood in young adulthood so participants can consider these facts in advance. In addition, the government should provide resources for couples making parenthood decisions.

scholarly journals Dietary profile and phenolics consumption in university students from the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghan Gao ◽  
Xiao Yuan ◽  
Jianjun Yang ◽  
Xueyan Fu
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ◽  
Polyphenol Intake

Abstract Background Polyphenol intake assessment is a first step for evaluating relationships between polyphenols and health-related outcomes. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is one of the minority areas in China, which is primarily consists of arid, dry desert. Objectives This study was to make assessment about phenolics intake by university students from Ningxia of China. Methods This study employed data from a cross-sectional survey conducted from February to June 2018 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of Northwest China. A total of 413 undergraduate students (143 boys, 270 girls), mean age 20.6 years, participated in the study. Food-frequency consumption and anthropometric measurements were included in the survey. According to phenol-explorer website, the amount of different classes of phenolic compounds were established. Statistics analyses were conducted with IBM SPSS 20.0. Results Profile of the student subjects showed low weight (19.1%), overweight (6.8%) and obesity (0.5%). The mean value about phenolics intake was 1378 mg/day. The main polyphenols consumed were flavonoids (58.7% of total polyphenols), followed by phenolic acids (38.1%). Vegetables, fruits and cereals products were the most consumed foods, while infusions and sugar products were lower. Fruit was the main food sources of total polyphenols, especially apple (22.95%), orange juice (19.03%) and apple juice (3.93%). Conclusions This is the first study on the polyphenol intake of university students in Ningxia of China. The present results will be benefit for further investigation on the role of polyphenol intake against disease occurrence for this adults group.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey of internet use among university students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Adorjan ◽  
Simon Langgartner ◽  
Maximilian Maywald ◽  
Susanne Karch ◽  
Oliver Pogarell
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Information Searches

AbstractThe last 2 decades have seen an increase in the number of reports of excessive internet use. Therefore, this study aimed to examine internet use among university students to gain more insight into the novel phenomenon of addictive internet use (AIU). Data were collected by the means of an online questionnaire sent to 4391 students. Approximately 10% of the 4391 students could be included in the statistical analysis. Of those 483 students, almost all (99.2%) used the internet, and a quarter (24.8%) showed AIU. The students used the internet mostly for information searches, random browsing, social networking, and online shopping; however, AIU was seen most often in the areas of social networking, random browsing, information searches, gaming, and pornography. One in four of the respondents showed addictive behavior in at least one area of internet use. Students with AIU in the area of random browsing were significantly less far advanced in their studies than those without AIU, and well-being was significantly poorer across AIU groups than in those who did not show AIU. The study confirms the importance of AIU, as reflected in the high prevalence of AIU among the students and the significantly lower level of well-being in those with AIU. Undifferentiated consideration of AIU does not do justice to its various facets, and future research should consider all areas of internet use, with the aim to increase understanding of the underlying mechanisms of AIU and develop more differentiated treatment approaches.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a risk assessment scale for hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wang ◽  
Si-Qin Liu ◽  
Xiao-Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Abstract Background: This study aims to develop a risk assessment scale to assess and quantify risk of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients. Methods: Data were derived from two Delphi rounds and a cross-sectional survey of 276 cirrhotic patients. The minimal consensus were a mean score 3.5 on a scale of 1 to 5, and a coefficient of variation 0.25. The reliability and validity of the scale were validated by a cross-sectional survey. Results: After two Delphi rounds and item analysis, a final 23-item scale covered two dimensions. The total Cronbach’s αretest Cronbach’s α, interrater Cronbach’s α and split-half Cronbach’s α were higher than 0.7, showing an acceptable reliability. The AUC was 0.792, and the sensitivity and specificity were 83.9% and 59.6%, respectively, indicating that the scale had a good predictive validity. Conclusion: This scale may be a promising tool for estimating and ranking risk of hepatic encephalopathy. Future research is necessary to apply it in hepatic encephalopathy.

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