scholarly journals Tribal Rifts: A Valuation to the Extent of Criminal Justice System and Bodong System in Resolving Crimes and Disputes in the ASEAN Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Y. Domingo
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Narrative Response ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Historical Contribution

The Cordillera Administrative Region’s way of resolving crimes and disputes between two tribes is in accordance with their Bodong system wherein the codified and published Pagta or “the law of the Bodong” (literally translated “peace covenant or pact”) is Kalinga’s number one cultural and historical contribution to the country’s National Cultural Treasure. The study determined the extent of Criminal Justice System and Bodong System in resolving crimes and disputes encountered by tribes who are in conflict. The researcher used the case study method wherein the basis for its concept is the theoretical framework, socio-cultural theory and grounded theory and self-report data with convenience sampling. “Semi-structured interviews, narrative response and blog discussions” were also used. 50% of the respondents stand for the statement that bodong system is bound to resolve cases that involve murder, land disputes, loss of property and other violations. Hence, the Cordillera Administrative Region’s urge in pursuing in the legalization and government recognition of the Bodong System has put an ease with the lengthy trials of the Criminal Justice System. The Cordilleran leaders’ initiative to organize PEACE SUMMIT every year is an effective way of informing people of Cordillera the essence of Bodong in their life not just a mere machinery, but rather a system.

Combating Rx Drug Misuse: Incarcerated Women’s Proactive and Reactive Policy Recommendations

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1229-1249
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gatewood Owens ◽  
Michelle Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Drug Control ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Structured Interviews

Given the rapid increase in prescription (Rx) drug misuse, overdose, and drug-related arrests, the purpose of this study is to identify strategies to combat Rx misuse from the perspective of former Rx drug misusers who are presently incarcerated. Using semi-structured interviews, we elicited such recommendations from 33 incarcerated women in the Midwest with histories of Rx drug misuse. The policy recommendations put forth by the women tended to be proactive rather than reactive and focused upon more vigilant surveillance and prevention efforts by medical professionals. While there was little mention of the criminal justice system or incarceration, women did also advocate for better treatment and rehabilitation options. Users affected by Rx misuse suggested more proactive approaches in dealing with Rx misuse that would ultimately shift drug control responsibilities from law enforcement to doctors.

scholarly journals Give Them a Chance: Public Attitudes to Sentencing Young Offenders in Western Australia

Youth Justice ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-187
Author(s):  
Suzanne Ellis ◽  
Natalie Gately ◽  
Shane Rogers ◽  
Andrée Horrigan
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Young People ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Prior Record

Public opinion is often reported as punitive towards sentencing young people. Attitudes remain important to investigate given their potential to influence policy within the criminal justice system. Therefore, it is important to understand the formation of these attitudes and their consistency with sentencing principles. Semi-structured interviews ( n = 72) and surveys ( n = 502) were used to gauge opinions of sentencing young people under different scenario manipulations (age, weapon, drug treatment, prior record). The findings revealed the public expected punishment, but favoured rehabilitation with an opportunity to repent, suggesting the public are open to alternatives to ‘tough on crime’ approaches.

Research Note: How Accurate are Arrestees' Self-Reports of Their Criminal Justice Histories?

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Johnson ◽  
Angela Taylor ◽  
Andrew Golub
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Self Report ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Criminal Histories ◽  
Self Reports

This research note addresses the accuracy of arrestees' self-reports of contacts with the criminal justice system as a means of exploring the relative importance of various sources of inaccurate responding. Erroneous self-report of sensitive behaviors has been linked to deception, memory problems, and faulty criterion measures, among other things. However, the existent literature provides limited guidance for investigating the relative importance of these factors in a given study. Further, variations in the amount and types of inaccuracy cannot be distinguished by commonly used summary agreement statistics, such as kappa. These issues were examined using data from the Policing Project, a National Institute of Justice-funded research study designed to explore new means of evaluating police behavior. The project interviewed 892 New York City arrestees during the second half of 1999. Subjects were asked about several forms of criminal justice system contact, and gave informed consent for researchers to obtain their official criminal histories, which were acquired from the state agency as an anonymous data set. A key finding was that the accuracy of arrestee self-reports compared to official criminal histories varied according to specific measures. Agreement regarding arrest in the prior six months was substantial, but other measures were less accurate. Overreporting was about equal to underreporting of criminal justice contacts across several measures. We conclude that arrestee self-reports continue to be valuable for criminological research. While arrestee self-reports may lack the precision and accuracy that criminal justice practitioners might prefer, the limitations of official records contribute substantially to inaccuracies between self-reports and criminal histories.

scholarly journals The Constructed Truth

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Mou
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Functional Equivalence ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Police Investigation ◽  
Truth Finding ◽  
External Scrutiny

Witnesses rarely testify at trial in China and the courts routinely rely on investigative dossiers to determine the guilt or innocence of the defendant. Shielded from external scrutiny, relatively little is known about how these investigative dossiers are constructed and whether they are truly reliable. To understand the construction process for police cases, ethnography, semi-structured interviews and content analysis of the dossiers have been conducted to explore the formation of evidence during the police investigation. This article reveals that the constructed evidence is subject to manipulation and distortion designed to enhance the incrimination of the accused. With a lack of the functional equivalence in defence construction required to challenge the facts presented in these dossiers, the current criminal justice system in China is structurally weak and fails to function as a truth-finding process.

The needs of people with mild learning disabilities within the Scottish criminal justice system: a qualitative study of healthcare perspectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Fellex Mediseni ◽  
Michael Brown
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System A

Purpose – The Purpose of this paper is to identify and explore the views and experiences of specialist learning disability (LD) health service professionals regarding the management of and support offered to people with LD when they come into contact with the Scottish criminal justice system (CJS). Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative design was adopted for this study due to the limited existing evidence in the area and the need to start to build and develop understanding of the phenomena under study. A purposive sampling procedure was used to select participants from an accessible population within one Scottish NHS Health Literature review, qualitative research, semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. Findings – The findings identified three key themes challenges in practice; the need for additional resources; and the ability of services to provide management and support. Originality/value – The findings serve to contribute to the understanding of the role and contributions made by and required from specialist LD health services to manage and support people with LD in the Scottish CJS.

Drug treatment outcomes in the criminal justice system: What non-self-report measures of outcome can tell us

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Powell ◽  
Marilyn Christie ◽  
John Bankart ◽  
Deborah Bamber ◽  
Ira Unell
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Drug Treatment Outcomes

Are We There Yet? Screening Processes for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Jail Settings

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Scheyett ◽  
Jennie Vaughn ◽  
Melissa Taylor ◽  
Susan Parish
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Early identification of intellectual and developmental disabilities in persons in the criminal justice system is essential to protect their rights during arrest and trial, ensure safety when incarcerated, and maximize the opportunities to receive services while incarcerated and postrelease. Using telephone interviews of jail administrators (N = 80) in 1 state, this study examined how people with intellectual and developmental disabilities were identified in jails. Findings indicated that administrators varied widely in awareness of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities in their jails. Few jails (6%) used formal screening instruments for intellectual and developmental disabilities, others relied on officer observation and self-report (53%), and some provided no screening at all; in addition, officers received little training in this regard. Findings suggest that few jails are operationalizing best-practice screening processes for intellectual and developmental disabilities.

scholarly journals Women Victims of Domestic Violence: Analysis of Their Perceptions of the Criminal Justice System in Romania

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-40
Author(s):  
Imola Antal ◽  
Júlia Szigeti ◽  
Maria Stoleru
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Legal Intervention ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
Criminal Justice Process

Abstract Criminal justice interventions are important to reduce domestic violence and protect women. In this study we will tackle the unwillingness of women in two regions of Romania to press charges and the failure of the criminal justice system in providing them protection and justice. “Why don’t women press charges?” was the main question that stood at the basis of the international research WOSAFEJUS1, where Babeş-Bolyai University (UBB) was the main Romanian partner through its Faculty of Sociology and Social Work. In our paper we will analyse the studies relevant to the field of domestic violence and we will pay a special attention to those that take into consideration the functioning of the criminal justice system. We will present a preliminary analysis of the women’s perception of the criminal justice system in Romania. Our results are based on 76 semi-structured interviews with women in a situation of domestic violence. Atlas.ti was used to aid a thematic analysis of the qualitative data. The results will highlight women’s expectations regarding the justice system, the perceived usefulness of the legal intervention as well as the main factors that come into play when they decide to stay or to leave the criminal justice process. Even though in most of the cases police intervention can’t or doesn’t provide safety and the rapid elimination of danger, the importance of non-legislative factors of intervention has nevertheless been emphasized.

Conscience and convenience: American victim work in organizational context

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Globokar ◽  
Edna Erez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
Midwestern Usa

Recent years have witnessed the proliferation of victim-focused positions inside and outside the criminal justice system, yet little is known about the occupational characteristics and organizational context of this field in the United States. In this article, we draw on 42 semi-structured interviews with victim workers from a variety of settings and organizational affiliations in the midwestern USA to describe their pathways, activities, and challenges. The data reveal key differences among the experiences of those who were publicly employed, affiliated with the nonprofit sector and working independently. The findings underscore the significance of organizational affiliation in understanding victim work, the value of strong public/private partnerships, and the necessity of reforms to the organizational culture of criminal justice agencies to optimize victim experiences.

scholarly journals Problems Related to Reintegration of Young Ex-Offenders in Estonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 56-74
Author(s):  
Anna Markina
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Societal Participation

Based on 22 semi-structured interviews with 24 young ex-offenders in Estonia, this article looks at the effect that stigmatization has on the reintegration of young ex-offenders. The study looks at to what extent and in which domains ex-offenders experience stigma, how they manage it, and what effect it has on social participation and involvement. The results indicate that young ex-offenders experience stigma while looking for jobs and accommodation and when interacting with the criminal justice system. The strategies for managing stigma mostly include secrecy and withdrawal. These strategies are closely related to self-stigmatization, low societal participation, and a low level of trust toward state institutions.

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