scholarly journals Reactions of fishes to two underwater survey tools, a manned submersible and a remotely operated vehicle

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Laidig ◽  
Lisa M. Krigsman ◽  
Mary M. Yoklavich
Keyword(s):  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Manned Submersible

Chinese Journey to the Challenger Deep: The Development and First Phase of Sea Trial of an 11,000-m Rainbowfish ARV

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weicheng Cui ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
Wei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Sea Trial ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Manned Submersible ◽  
Challenger Deep ◽  
Private Investors

AbstractThe remoteness and isolation of hadal zone environments make this region of inner space a particularly fertile field for scientific inquiry. After the successful development of the 7,000-m class deep manned submersible Jiaolong, the Chinese government and scientists have recognized the necessity to develop deep submergence vehicles up to 11,000 m depth. In this paper, a unique Chinese journey to the Challenger Deep is described. The whole project is to construct a movable laboratory that includes a mothership, three full ocean depth landers, a hybrid autonomous and remotely operated vehicle (ARV), and a human occupied vehicle (HOV). A three-phase approach is adopted for this project. Phase I is the completion of 4,000-m class sea trials of the first lander and the ARV with a temporary ship. Phase II is the completion of 11,000-m sea trials of the three landers and the ARV with the newly built mothership. Phase III is the completion of 11,000-m sea trials of the HOV with the same permanent mothership. In order to overcome the funding issue, a multiple investment method was introduced in this project. The basic idea is that the funding for the ARV and three landers will be sought from university sources and local government, the funding for the mothership will be sought from private investors, and only the manned submersible will seek support from the central government. To the authors' knowledge, this may be the first attempt in China to carry out a project with private investment as a supplement to governmental funding. The project has progressed very well over the past 3 years and has proven that this funding strategy is working. In this paper, the progress of the whole project is briefly introduced, while the focus is on the description of the design details of the Rainbowfish ARV including the results of the first phase of sea trials. The ARV planned to perform its 11,000-m class sea trial at the end of 2016.

A Numerical Study of the Descent and Ascent Motion of a Full Ocean Depth Human Occupied Vehicle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Jiang ◽  
Xiaochan Shen ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
Weicheng Cui
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Technology Center ◽  
Manned Submersible ◽  
Submergence Depth

To meet the needs of scientific discoveries in hadal zones, the hadal science and technology center (HAST) of Shanghai Ocean University has made a significant commitment to construct a movable laboratory for hadal trenches in 2013, which includes a mothership, an full ocean depth (FOD) human occupied vehicle (HOV), an FOD Autonomous and Remotely-operated Vehicle (ARV) and several FOD landers. Presently, the HOV is in concept design phase. Current HOVs in service could only work below 7,000m. To increase the submergence depth from 7,000m to 11,000m for a FOD HOV, the time spending in descent and accent will take a majority part of power endurance and leave little time in scientific studies. Hence, the descent/ascent motion analysis and optimization will play a bigger role in FOD HOV designs contrasting to current HOVs. In this paper, in order to investigate resistance characteristics and drag coefficients in decent and ascent directions of the FOD HOV, the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations were solved using computational fluid dynamics. To achieve a faster descent and ascent process, diving and floating with various attacking angles were tried. The numerical analysis for each scenario has been conducted and results were discussed. The method and theory presented in the paper will be applied to the design of a practical deep manned submersible.

scholarly journals Experimental Research on the Process Parameters of a Novel Low-Load Drill Bit Used for 7000 m Bedrock Sampling Base on Manned Submersible

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Yu-Gang Ren ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Yan-Jun Liu ◽  
Bao-Hua Liu ◽  
Kai-Ben Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Manned Submersible ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Cutting Model

Due to the need for accurate exploration of deep-sea scientific research, drilling techniques by combining the operational advantages of the Jiaolong manned submersible is considered one of the most feasible methods for deep-sea bedrock drilling. Based on deep sea bedrock cutting model and discrete element simulation, as well as efficient drilling as the design criterion, the development of a deep sea 7000 m electromechanical coring apparatus was carried out. The outstanding feature of this technology is that the bit load produced by the drill pressure is usually within the range 100–400 N while the recommended load for diamond drilling is 1–3 KN or even more. Therefore, searching for the drilling bits that can drill in extremely hard formations with minimal load and acceptable rates of penetration and rotary speed is the necessary step to prove the feasibility of electromechanical deep-sea drilling technology. A test has been designed and constructed to examine three types of drill bits. The results of experiments show that the new low-load polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit has the highest penetration length of 138 mm/15 min under a 300 N load and 250 rpm rotary speed. Finally, field tests with the Jiaolong submersible were used to conduct deep sea experiments and verify the load model, which provides theoretical and technical data on the use of a low-load core sampling drill developed specifically for a deep sea submersible.

scholarly journals Development of an Easy-to-Operate Underwater Raman System for Deep-Sea Cold Seep and Hydrothermal Vent In Situ Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5090
Author(s):  
Qingsheng Liu ◽  
Jinjia Guo ◽  
Wangquan Ye ◽  
Kai Cheng ◽  
Fujun Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Bacterial Mats ◽  
Optical Module ◽  
In Situ Detection

As a powerful in situ detection technique, Raman spectroscopy is becoming a popular underwater investigation method, especially in deep-sea research. In this paper, an easy-to-operate underwater Raman system with a compact design and competitive sensitivity is introduced. All the components, including the optical module and the electronic module, were packaged in an L362 × Φ172 mm titanium capsule with a weight of 20 kg in the air (about 12 kg in water). By optimising the laser coupling mode and focusing lens parameters, a competitive sensitivity was achieved with the detection limit of SO42− being 0.7 mmol/L. The first sea trial was carried out with the aid of a 3000 m grade remotely operated vehicle (ROV) “FCV3000” in October 2018. Over 20,000 spectra were captured from the targets interested, including methane hydrate, clamshell in the area of cold seep, and bacterial mats around a hydrothermal vent, with a maximum depth of 1038 m. A Raman peak at 2592 cm−1 was found in the methane hydrate spectra, which revealed the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the seeping gas. In addition, we also found sulfur in the bacterial mats, confirming the involvement of micro-organisms in the sulfur cycle in the hydrothermal field. It is expected that the system can be developed as a universal deep-sea survey and detection equipment in the near future.

Design, Construction and Control of a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Marzbanrad ◽  
Jalil Sharafi ◽  
Mohammad Eghtesad ◽  
Reza Kamali
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Six Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Depth Sensors ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
On Line ◽  
Operation Unit ◽  
And Control ◽  
Design Construction

This is report of design, construction and control of “Ariana-I”, an Underwater Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV), built in Shiraz University Robotic Lab. This ROV is equipped with roll, pitch, heading, and depth sensors which provide sufficient feedback signals to give the system six degrees-of-freedom actuation. Although its center of gravity and center of buoyancy are positioned in such a way that Ariana-I ROV is self-stabilized, but the combinations of sensors and speed controlled drivers provide more stability of the system without the operator involvement. Video vision is provided for the system with Ethernet link to the operation unit. Control commands and sensor feedbacks are transferred on RS485 bus; video signal, water leakage alarm, and battery charging wires are provided on the same multi-core cable. While simple PI controllers would improve the pitch and roll stability of the system, various control schemes can be applied for heading to track different paths. The net weight of ROV out of water is about 130kg with frame dimensions of 130×100×65cm. Ariana-I ROV is designed such that it is possible to be equipped with different tools such as mechanical arms, thanks to microprocessor based control system provided with two directional high speed communication cables for on line vision and operation unit.

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