Metaplastic Ossification in a Juvenile Rectal Polyp: A Rare Histological Finding

ABSTRACT Two types of so-called "depot contraceptives", long-acting steroids which are of interest for human use, were studied in animals. Norethisterone oenanthate, mainly gestagenic in the human and other species, turned out to be predominantly oestrogenic in rats. This oestrogenicity caused indirectly, via an enhanced hypophysial prolactin secretion, the well-known hypophysial and mammary tumours in rats. Another synthetic gestagen, 4,6-dichloro- 17- acetoxy- 16α-methyl-4,6-pregnadiene-3,20-dione, which might be considered in its biological actions similar to preparations containing chlormadinone acetate or medroxy-progesterone acetate, induced no signs of oestrogenicity in dogs. It is surmised that its gestagenic influence indirectly, and probaby, via an enhanced hypophysial prolactin secretion caused "mammary nodules" in this "non-rodent" species. These studies have born out mainly two facts: A synthetic steroid, norethisterone oenanthate, exerted different biological effects in different species: it was a gestagen in the rabbit, whereas in rats, its predominant influence was oestrogenic. The hypophysial prolactin secretion was enhanced in various species by different mechanisms: in rats, the oestrogenicity caused an increased prolactin plasma level, whereas in dogs, a gestagen with obviously no inherent oestrogenicity, 4,6-dichloro-17-acetoxy-16α-methyl-4,6-pregnadiene-3,20-dione, converted the histological appearance of the anterior pituitary into a condition with a greatly increased number of eosinophils. This histological finding was interpreted as an indicator for a hypersecretion of prolactin. Hence, animal work with "gestagens" has only limited predictive value with respect to their possible effects in the human species. Therefore, inflexible recommendations are not helpful in solving the safety problem of long-acting steroids which affect primarily reproductive processes.

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A Case Report of Tongue Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma with a Histological Diagnostic Dilemma

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11061039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1039

Author(s):

Daisuke Takeda ◽

Manabu Shigeoka ◽

Tenyu Sugano ◽

Nanae Yatagai ◽

Takumi Hasegawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Histological Finding ◽

Atypical Epithelium ◽

Diagnostic Dilemma ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Japanese Female ◽

Old Japanese ◽

Neoplastic Change ◽

Diagnostic Difficulties ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Characteristic Features

Most head and neck lymphoepithelial carcinomas (LECs) arise in the nasopharynx and harbor Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). LEC is also a rare subtype of the oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Morphologically, LEC is defined as resembling non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma, undifferentiated subtype. The histological features and pathogenesis of oral LEC are not established. We describe a case of tongue LEC with histopathological diagnostic difficulties. A 72-year-old Japanese female presented with a whitish change on her left-side tongue. The diagnosis was atypical epithelium; neoplastic change could not be ruled out by a biopsy. Although the lesion was monitored at our hospital per her request, invasive carcinoma was detected 11 months later. Microscopically, conventional SCC was observed with the characteristic features as LEC confined to the deep part of the lesion. We briefly discuss this unusual histological finding and make a novel proposal for distinguishing oral LEC from LECs in other regions based on these histological findings.

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Pneumoperitoneum, Pneumoretroperitoneum, and Pneumoscrotum Following Transanal Excision of Rectal Polyp

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/0003134820956359 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 000313482095635

Author(s):

Michaelia S. Sunderland ◽

Anthony Dakwar ◽

Anupam Rishi ◽

Robert D. Bennett

Keyword(s):

Rectal Polyp ◽

Transanal Excision

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Ultralow Anterior Resection for Prolapsed Giant Solitary Rectal Polyp of Peutz-Jeghers Type

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481107700433 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 501-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marina Garces ◽

Eduardo García-Granero ◽

Omar Faiz ◽

J. Alcacer ◽

Salvador Lledó

Keyword(s):

Anterior Resection ◽

Rectal Polyp ◽

Ultralow Anterior Resection

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Imaging of endometrial osseous metaplasia—an uncommon but treatable cause of infertility

Middle East Fertility Society Journal ◽

10.1186/s43043-020-00045-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Haseeb Wani ◽

Arshed Hussain Parry ◽

Imza Feroz ◽

Majid Jehangir ◽

Masarat Rashid

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Osseous Metaplasia ◽

Dystrophic Calcification ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Dilatation And Curettage ◽

Clinical Scenarios ◽

Uncommon Condition ◽

Urinary Tuberculosis ◽

Hypointense Signal ◽

Metaplastic Ossification

Abstract Background Endometrial osseous metaplasia (EOM) is an uncommon condition characterised by metaplastic transformation of endometrial tissue into osteoblasts (mature or immature bone in the endometrium). Etiopathogenesis of EOM is explained by multiple putative mechanisms like dystrophic calcification, metaplastic ossification, retained foetal bones after abortions and genito-urinary tuberculosis. EOM has varied clinical presentation ranging from patient being asymptomatic to secondary infertility. Although hysteroscopy is the gold standard for its diagnosis and treatment, non-invasive imaging comprising chiefly of ultrasonography (USG) is increasingly becoming the mainstay of diagnosis. We aim to present the imaging findings in EOM to acquaint radiologists and gynaecologists with this condition to avert misdiagnosis of this uncommon yet treatable cause of infertility. Results Mean age of patients was 31.4 ± 5.4 (S.D) years. USG revealed linear or tubular densely echogenic endometrium with posterior acoustic shadowing in all the 14 patients. MRI in 3 patients revealed diffuse or patchy areas of T1W and T2W hypointense signal intensity with unilateral (n = 2) and bilateral (n = 1) ovarian cysts. One patient who underwent CT scan revealed dense endometrial calcification. Histopathologic examination (HPE) revealed lamellar (n = 6) or trabecular (n = 4) bone within endometrium (EOM) and inflammatory cells with calcification in four patients (calcific endometritis). Twelve patients conceived after dilatation and curettage within 15 months. Conclusion Familiarity with the imaging appearances of EOM is indispensable to clinch this diagnosis and avert misdiagnosis of this rare but potentially treatable cause of infertility. USG is usually sufficient for diagnosis. MRI and CT are only supplementary tools in difficult clinical scenarios.

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Aerobic Vaginitis—Underestimated Risk Factor for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11010097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Olga Plisko ◽

Jana Zodzika ◽

Irina Jermakova ◽

Kristine Pcolkina ◽

Amanda Prusakevica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Histological Finding ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Vaginal Microbiota ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Aerobic Vaginitis ◽

Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽

Low Education ◽

Independent Risk Factors

The aim of this study is to analyse the association between vaginal microbiota and the histological finding of CIN. From July 2016 until June 2017, we included 110 consecutive patients with abnormal cervical cytology results referred for colposcopy to Riga East Clinical University Hospital Outpatient department in the study group. 118 women without cervical pathology were chosen as controls. Certified colposcopists performed interviews, gynaecological examinations and colposcopies for all participants. Material from the upper vaginal fornix was taken for pH measurement and wet-mount microscopy. Cervical biopsy samples were taken from all subjects in the study group and in case of a visual suspicion for CIN in the control group. Cervical pathology was more often associated with smoking (34.6% vs. 11.0%, p < 0.0001), low education level (47.2% vs. 25.5%, p = 0.001), increased vaginal pH (48.2% vs. 25.4%, p < 0.0001), abnormal vaginal microbiota (50% vs. 31.4%, p = 0.004) and moderate to severe aerobic vaginitis (msAV) (13.6% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.049) compared to controls. The most important independent risk factors associated with CIN2+ were smoking (OR 3.04 (95% CI 1.37–6.76), p = 0.006) and msAV (OR 3.18 (95% CI 1.13–8.93), p = 0.028). Bacterial vaginosis (BV) was found more often in CIN1 patients (8/31, 25.8%, p = 0.009) compared with healthy controls (8/118, 6.8%), or CIN2+ cases (8/79, 10.1%). In the current study msAV and smoking were the most significant factors in the development of CIN in HPV-infected women, especially high grade CIN. We suggest that AV changes are probably more important than the presence of BV in the pathogenesis of CIN and progression to cervix cancer and should not be ignored during the evaluation of the vaginal microbiota.

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Nasal polyps with metaplastic ossification: CT and MR imaging findings

Neuroradiology ◽

10.1007/s00234-010-0758-6 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 1179-1184 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yi Kyung Kim ◽

Hyung-Jin Kim ◽

Jinna Kim ◽

Seung-Kyu Chung ◽

Eunhee Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mr Imaging ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Metaplastic Ossification

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Preoperative neuropsychological and behavioral evaluation of children with thalamic tumors

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/2014.2.peds13352 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 507-513 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Daniela Chieffo ◽

Gianpiero Tamburrini ◽

Massimo Caldarelli ◽

Concezio Di Rocco

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Processing ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Histological Finding ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Low Grade ◽

Neuropsychological Evaluation ◽

Thalamic Tumor ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Performance ◽

Thalamic Tumors

Object Functional involvement of the thalamus in cognitive processing has been only anecdotally reported in the literature, and these cases are mostly related to thalamic hemorrhages; there is no available information on cognitive development in children with thalamic tumors. Methods All children admitted with a diagnosis of thalamic tumor at the authors' institution between January 2008 and January 2011 were considered for the present study. Exclusion criteria were age less than 18 months and the presence of severe neurological deficits, both of which prevented a reliable neuropsychological evaluation. A complete preoperative neuropsychological evaluation was performed. Results Twenty children were selected (mean age 102.4 months). Total IQ was in the normal range in all patients (mean 90.1, SD 13.87) with a significant difference between verbal IQ (mean 97.70, SD 17.77) and performance IQ (mean 84.82, SD 17.01). A significant correlation was found between global cognitive impairment and a histological finding of low-grade tumors (p < 0.001). Children with a mesial thalamic tumor had a higher working memory deficit and delayed recall disorders (p < 0.001). Naming disorders were related to the presence of a bilateral (p < 0.001) or mesial (p < 0.001) thalamic tumor, without a significant difference between left or right hemisphere involvement. A significant correlation was also found between the presence of neurolinguistic disorders and mesially located tumors (p < 0.001). Children with right-sided tumors more frequently had constructional apraxia and executive function disorders (p < 0.001). Conclusions The present study suggests that thalamic tumors in different locations might have specific neuropsychological profiles.

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A clinico-pathological study of 163 untreated cases of chronic hepatitis C

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86821996000100005 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 21-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joachim Graf ◽

Kan Toriyama ◽

Hideyo Itakura

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Chronic Hepatitis C ◽

Histological Finding ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Pathological Study ◽

Physical Examinations ◽

Bile Duct Damage ◽

Portal Tracts

We performed a clinico-pathological study of 163 untreated cases of chronic hepatitis C. Eighty five percent of the patients were clinically asymptomatic and their physical examinations sbowed unremarkable or minimal changes at the time of the liver biopsy Liver function tests tended to present slight abnormalities, involving mild elevations of the activity of the aminotransferases and gamma-glutamil transferase levels. In spite of these mild abnormalities advanced chronic liver disease ivas histologically detected in eighty nine percent of the patients, mainly showing chronic active hepatitis. The most characteristic histological finding ivas an interlobular bile duct damage which correlated with the presence of tymphoid aggregates in the portal tracts and with the development of fibrosis.

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Of Open Pits and Valleys: Endoscopic Optical Diagnosis Juxtaposition of Pathologically Distinct Rectal Polyp Lesions

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1739560 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (03) ◽

pp. 175-176

Author(s):

Vincent Zimmer ◽

Bert Bier

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Who Classification ◽

Rectal Polyp ◽

Open Pit ◽

Pit Pattern ◽

Optical Diagnosis ◽

Unique Case ◽

Endoscopic Findings ◽

Serrated Lesions ◽

Serrated Lesion

AbstractOptical diagnosis during colorectal cancer screening is instrumental in deciding whether or not to resect colorectal lesions, choose the appropriate technique and to properly communicate with the pathologist. The latter is even more important when it comes to serrated lesions with the latest WHO classification justifying a pathology diagnosis of a serrated lesion with a minimum criterion of characteristic findings in just one crypt, which may only be detectable when adequate sectioning and scrutinization is performed. Here, we present a unique case of comparatively small rectal lesions with typical endoscopic findings warranting a diagnosis of a serrated lesion (open pit pattern) and adenoma (valley sign).

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