scholarly journals Impact of Enforcing Lockdown in Spread of COVID-19 Infection in Central India: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padma Bhatia ◽  
Anshuli Trivedi ◽  
Santosh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ashish Wadhwani ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Central India ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The lockdown was implemented nationally for six weeks, followed by another two weeks of graded lockdown in districts in India as a means to prevent spread of infection. During this period, there was restriction of movement of residents except for those engaged in providing essential services. Aim: To find out socio-demographic profile of patients along with the impact of lockdown and spread of Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) infection post-lockdown. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in Bairagarh, a suburban area of Bhopal. The study was conducted for three months i.e. from 9th April 2020 to 9th July 2020. A contact tracing questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was collected by actual visiting the patient’s address. The data collected was compiled and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2020. The patients were instructed to inform the data collector of any post-viral symptoms after 15 days of diagnosis to find out any post-viral complaints. Percentages and proportions were derived using Epi info-7.0. Results: During the study period of three months, in total 90 patients were interviewed. Almost 85.5% cases were found post-lockdown. Most common age group to be involved was 31-45 years. Males were more commonly infected. Only 14.44% patients who worked during lockdown were infected. Almost 26.6% patients were involved in cloth merchandise business which was closed during lockdown and had a sudden upsurge in business during unlock. In total 47.7% patients were asymptomatic when tested. Relative Risk (RR) of acquiring infection post-lockdown was 1.13. Doubling rate of infection among study population during lockdown was found to be 14.05 days compared to 5.35 days post-lockdown. Almost 80% patients did not have any post-viral symptoms. The most common symptom seen was nose block. Conclusion: The lockdown was found to be effective strategy in controlling spread of COVID-19 infection as post-lockdown there was sudden increase in number positive cases.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Differential White Blood Cells in the Diagnosis of the Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 6082-6087
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Pain Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Right Iliac Fossa Pain ◽  
The Impact

Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pain is a common symptom which has shown diagnostic difficulties for the surgical emergency clinic. A White Blood Cells test is required for Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pain diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to clarify the importance of Differential White Blood Cells test for Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pain diagnosis. The present observational study was conducted in in Heet General Hospital over a period of five months included 62 patients from both genders of different ages (5-45 years) who were suffering from Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pain. All patients were subjected to Differential White Blood Cells test which was carried out in the hospital laboratory using (Hematology Pentra 60 Series HORIBA ABX SAS). A statistical analysis were then run using ANOVA and LSD tests. The analysis have shown the means of each type as follow; NEU (8.3516), LYM (31.2984), MON, (6.1952), GRA (62.6790) 10^3/mm3. Also, a comparison among all the WBCs types and also between and within groups was performed using one and two ways Analysis of Variance ANOVA tests which have shown that there are significant differences of all differentials WBCs types. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Based on our findings, it can be clearly stated that Differential White Blood Cells tests (not only WBC) are very important for the clear diagnosis of Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pathology.

scholarly journals Inter-state cross border superspreading event of SARS-CoV2 in Central India, May 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2369
Author(s):  
Mansi Mathur ◽  
Sudarshan Ramaswamy ◽  
Mitilesh Sharma ◽  
Meera Dhuria ◽  
Sujata Arya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Central India ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Social Gathering

Background: During the mid-weeks of May 2020, a superspreading event occurred in a town of Central India, where breaking bread together led to an outburst of COVID-19 cases. This led to a sudden increase of the daily average number of cases later on in the month.Methods: An epidemiological investigation was done to investigate the cause. Process of the epidemic investigation done has been described under three parts namely - Case finding, Contact tracing, Public health response.Results: Our epidemiological investigation and contact tracing of the index case confirmed a superspreading event of COVID-19 which occurred due to multiple social gatherings during mid weeks of May 2020. It was estimated that 118 cases belonged to G0 and 94 cases belonged to G1 generation of the index case.Conclusions: Most likely source of infection to the index case was from the guests who came for a social gathering on May 11, 2020 (lockdown 3) from a village across the border in Rajasthan, a high COVID-19 prevalent zone (Orange) to a low COVID-19 prevalent zone (Green).

scholarly journals OpenABM-Covid19 - an agent-based model for non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 including contact tracing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hinch ◽  
William J M Probert ◽  
Anel Nurtay ◽  
Michelle Kendall ◽  
Chris Wymatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age Stratification ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

SARS-CoV-2 has spread across the world, causing high mortality and unprecedented restrictions on social and economic activity. Policymakers are assessing how best to navigate through the ongoing epidemic, with models being used to predict the spread of infection and assess the impact of public health measures. Here, we present OpenABM-Covid19: an agent-based simulation of the epidemic including detailed age-stratification and realistic social networks. By default the model is parameterised to UK demographics and calibrated to the UK epidemic, however, it can easily be re-parameterised for other countries. OpenABM-Covid19 can evaluate non-pharmaceutical interventions, including both manual and digital contact tracing. It can simulate a population of 1 million people in seconds per day allowing parameter sweeps and formal statistical model-based inference. The code is open-source and has been developed by teams both inside and outside academia, with an emphasis on formal testing, documentation, modularity and transparency. A key feature of OpenABM-Covid19 is its Python interface, which has allowed scientists and policymakers to simulate dynamic packages of interventions and help compare options to suppress the COVID-19 epidemic.

scholarly journals OpenABM-Covid19—An agent-based model for non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 including contact tracing

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. e1009146
Author(s):  
Robert Hinch ◽  
William J. M. Probert ◽  
Anel Nurtay ◽  
Michelle Kendall ◽  
Chris Wymant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age Stratification ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

SARS-CoV-2 has spread across the world, causing high mortality and unprecedented restrictions on social and economic activity. Policymakers are assessing how best to navigate through the ongoing epidemic, with computational models being used to predict the spread of infection and assess the impact of public health measures. Here, we present OpenABM-Covid19: an agent-based simulation of the epidemic including detailed age-stratification and realistic social networks. By default the model is parameterised to UK demographics and calibrated to the UK epidemic, however, it can easily be re-parameterised for other countries. OpenABM-Covid19 can evaluate non-pharmaceutical interventions, including both manual and digital contact tracing, and vaccination programmes. It can simulate a population of 1 million people in seconds per day, allowing parameter sweeps and formal statistical model-based inference. The code is open-source and has been developed by teams both inside and outside academia, with an emphasis on formal testing, documentation, modularity and transparency. A key feature of OpenABM-Covid19 are its Python and R interfaces, which has allowed scientists and policymakers to simulate dynamic packages of interventions and help compare options to suppress the COVID-19 epidemic.

The Impact of Internal Work Environment on the Retention of Healthcare Providers at Turaif General Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1199
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alrouili ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Internal Work ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

This study attempted to identify the impact of internal work environment on the retention of healthcare providers at Turaif General Hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In particular, the study aimed to identify the dimensions of work circumstances, compensation, and relationship with colleagues, professional growth, and the level of healthcare providers’ retention. In order to achieve the study goals, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. The researcher used the questionnaire as the study tool. The study population comprised all the healthcare providers at Turaif General Hospital. Questionnaires were distributed to the entire study sample that consisted of 220 individuals. The number of questionnaires valid for study was 183 questionnaires. The research findings were as follows: the participants’ estimate of the work circumstances dimension was high (3.64), the participants’ estimate of the compensation dimension was moderate (3.32), the participants’ estimate of the relationship with colleagues dimension was high (3.62), the participants’ estimate of the professional growth dimension was weak (2.39), and the participants’ estimate of healthcare providers’ retention level was intermediate (2.75). Accordingly, the researcher’s major recommendations are: the need to create the right atmosphere for personnel in hospitals, the interest of the hospital to provide the appropriate conditions for the staff in terms of the physical and moral aspects for building the work adjustment in the staff, and conducting training courses and educational lectures for personnel in hospitals on how to cope with the work pressures.

The impact of fluorescein-guided technique in the surgical removal of CNS tumors in a pediatric population: results from a multicentric observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla de Laurentis ◽  
Julius Höhne ◽  
Claudio Cavallo ◽  
Francesco Restelli ◽  
Jacopo Falco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
The Impact

A Multicentric non-interventional observational study to determine treatment patterns and response of drugs in various stages of breast cancer along with epidemiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Mukkamala Durga Niharika ◽  
Shaik Kulsumbi ◽  
Devagiri Anupama ◽  
Tadigiri Vineela Supriya ◽  
Kotari Navya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Guntur District ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Hormone Receptor Expression

Cancer is a life-threatening disease which causes to lose cohesiveness and orderliness of normal tissue. These malignant cells can spread to any other organ through blood flow or lymphatic flow and develop malignancy over there; this phenomenon is called metastasis. The aim is to focus on treatment pattern and response of drugs in various stages of breast cancer along with epidemiology. It is a non- interventional multicentric observational study. Female patients confirmed with Breast cancer are included in the study. All the relevant data were collected on a patient demographic form after obtaining informed consent from individual patients. In our study, the mean age of presentation in breast cancer patients was 41.35 years. Further it was found that 40.5% (n = 81) majority-female patients with Breast cancer are from Guntur District and 21.5% (n= 43). The majority of women with Breast cancer have hormone receptor expression of ER+/PR+HER2- was found to be 33% (n= 50). In the study on analyzing comorbidities of the study population, it was noted that 28.5% of women were affected with Diabetes mellitus. In our study, it was found that most of the patients with Breast cancer have been most often prescribed with Adriamycin 27.86%. From these observations, we conclude that late menarche may be one of the etiological causes of breast cancer in women, Invasive carcinoma in situ is the most commonly reported breast cancer in the study. Patients have been diagnosed with breast cancer at their stage 3 of progression, which may be the reason for making it mandatory for more than 50% of patients to undergo 6 to 8 cycles of chemotherapy. Coming to the patterns of drug use, ADRIAMYCIN, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE and DOCETAXEL are the three most commonly used single drug and combinational drug therapies among the study population.

Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dan Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan dengan Pengungkapan Anti Korupsi sebagai Variabel Moderasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Hidayatullah Khamainy ◽  
Dessy Novitasari Laras Asih
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Csr Disclosure ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

The research was carried out to find the influence of training material and methods of training toward workability. The study was conducted respectively from an employee of PD BPR Bantul Yogyakarta. The purpose of this research is expected to be useful for stakeholders in seeing CSR disclosure in the company in testing and analyzing its effect on the company's financial performance and with the presence of anti-corruption exposure, whether it will strengthen the impact of CSR disclosure on the company's financial performance. The study population in this study were all mining companies registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018 with a total of 63 companies. The research sample was taken using a random sampling technique that was calculated by the Slovin formula so that 54 samples were obtained for analysis. Linear Regression Analysis and Moderation Regression Analysis were chosen as the analysis technique used in this study. The results show that CSR disclosure does not affect the company's financial performance, and anti-corruption disclosure does not affect the relationship between the two.

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