scholarly journals ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF UPAVISHA ARKA: AN OVERVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Chandekar Deepali Boudhadas ◽  
Pawade Uday Venkatrao ◽  
Nikam Ashwin Vithalrao ◽  
Anjankar Meghsham Pramodrao
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Natural Derivative

Cancer is one amongst the dreadful diseases of present century. The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide. Every year about 8,00,000 new cancer patients get registered with the national cancer registry program in India. Ayurveda an ancient Indian medicine science describes many useful herbal drugs for such types of advanced diseases. Upavisha the plant poisons of low potency are mentioned in Agadtantra. Arka (Calotropis procera/ Calotropis gigantea) is one among these Upavisha is emerging as an effective anticancer drug. It shows various pharmacological activities such as Anticancer, Antimicrobial, Antiimplantation etc. Different parts of Arka are used to treat cancer. In current scenario number of synthetic anticancer drugs are used to treat cancer. These synthetic anticancer drugs are expensive and shows harmful adverse effects. Upavisha like Arka which is natural derivative may be cost effective & less harmful as Anticancer drug. Anticancer activity of Calotropis procera/Calotropis gigantea is reported in scientific journals. This review summarizes various In Vitro and In Vivo studies of anticancer activity of Upavisha Arka.

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of Combinational Domperidone-Famotidine Floating Drug Delivery System - In vitro and In vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-162
Author(s):  
Mounika Chidurala ◽  
Raveendra Reddy J
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Quality By Design ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies

Introduction: The drawbacks assosiated with oral administration of drugscan be controlled or minimized by gastro retentive formulations that remain buoyant within the stomach for an extended time by providing prolonged gastric retention and releasethe drug in an exceedingly extended manner thereby improving bioavailability. The current research was to develop and optimize Domperidone and Famotidine floating tablets with extended release by Quality by Design approach. Method: Based on QTPP (Quality Target Product Profile), CQAs (Critical Quality Attributes)wereidentified. Risk analysis by the evaluation of formulation and process parameters showed that optimizing the levels of polymers could reduce high risk to achieve the target profile. A 23factor experimental design with midpoints was selected for statistical analysis and optimization. Results: HPMC K100 and Carbopol 934P had a positive effect while ethyl cellulose demonstrated a negative effect on the selected responses. Drug release kinetics followed the first-order release with Higuchi diffusion and Fickian diffusion. Optimized formula satisfying all the required parameters was selected and evaluated. The predicted response values were in close agreement with experimental response values. Abdominal X-ray imaging after oral administration of the tablets on a healthy rabbit’s stomach confirmed the extended floating behavior with shorter lag time. In vivo, pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits revealed that the optimized formulation exhibited prolonged drug release with enhanced Cmax, tmax, AUCo-t, and t1/2 of an optimized product when compared to the marketed product. Conclusions: It has been concluded that the application of Quality by Design in the formulation and optimization reduced the number of trials to produce a cost-effective formula.

Quality by Design enabled anti-hypertensive Floating drug delivery system by Risk assessment and Design of Experiment (DoE) – In vitro – In vivo correlation studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounika Chidurala ◽  
Raveendra Reddy J
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Quality By Design ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies

Background: The present research aimed to develop and optimize extended-release floating tablets of Sacubitril and Valsartan through Quality by Design (QbD) approach. Risk analysis by formulation assessment and process parameters showed that optimizing the levels of the polymer will minimize high risk to meet the target profile. A two (2) level three (3) full factorial experimental design along with midpoints was carefully chosen for optimization and statistical analysis. Based on the literature, the independent and dependent variables were selected. Results: HPMC K100, Carbopol 934P had a positive effect, whereas Ethylcellulose had a negative effect on Floating time, drug release at 2 h, drug release at 12 h and, 50% responses. Drug release kinetics followed the first-order release with Higuchi and Fickian diffusion. Contour and overlay plots were utilized for an assortment of design space and optimized formula. ANOVA results of all the factors exhibited significance at p<0.05. Abdominal X-ray imaging of the optimized tablets on healthy rabbit’s stomach confirmed the floating behavior for more than 12 h. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits showed that the optimized formulation exhibited prolonged and extended drug release with improved Cmax, tmax, AUCo-t, and t1/2 of test product when compared to marketed product. IVIVC model was developed by using dissolution data of in vitro and pharmacokinetics data of in-vivo by de-convolution method (Wagner-Nelson method). Conclusion: The Quality by Design implementation in the formulation and optimization abridged the number of trials to produce a cost-effective formula. In vivo studies confirmed that the formula was successfully developed with extended floating time (12 h) and drug release by risk analysis and experimental designs. Level A correlation was observed which confirmed a good correlation between in vitro and in vivo data.

scholarly journals Impact of Mucin on Drug Diffusion: Development of a Straightforward In Vitro Method for the Determination of Drug Diffusivity in the Presence of Mucin

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Falavigna ◽  
Paul Stein ◽  
Gøril Flaten ◽  
Massimiliano di Cagno
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Absorption ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Phospholipid Vesicle ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
The Impact

Mucosal drug delivery accounts for various administration routes (i.e., oral, vaginal, ocular, pulmonary, etc.) and offers a vast surface for the permeation of drugs. However, the mucus layer which shields and lubricates all mucosal tissues can compromise drugs from reaching the epithelial site, thus affecting their absorption and therapeutic effect. Therefore, the effect of the mucus layer on drug absorption has to be evaluated early in the drug-development phase, prior to in vivo studies. For this reason, we developed a simple, cost-effective and reproducible method employing UV-visible localized spectroscopy for the assessment of the interaction between mucin and drugs with different physicochemical characteristics. The mucin–drug interaction was investigated by measuring the drug relative diffusivity (Drel) in the presence of mucin, and the method was validated by fitting experimental and mathematical data. In vitro permeability studies were also performed using the mucus-covered artificial permeation barrier (mucus–PVPA, Phospholipid Vesicle-based Permeation Assay) for comparison. The obtained results showed that the diffusion of drugs was hampered by the presence of mucin, especially at higher concentrations. This novel method proved to be suitable for the investigation on the extent of mucin–drug interaction and can be successfully used to assess the impact that the mucus layer has on drug absorption.

scholarly journals An Update on the Anticancer Activity of Xanthone Derivatives: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1144
Author(s):  
Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan ◽  
Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga ◽  
Jumina ◽  
Harno Dwi Pranowo ◽  
Eti Nurwening Sholikhah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Xanthone Derivatives ◽  
Almost All

The annual number of cancer deaths continues increasing every day; thus, it is urgent to search for and find active, selective, and efficient anticancer drugs as soon as possible. Among the available anticancer drugs, almost all of them contain heterocyclic moiety in their chemical structure. Xanthone is a heterocyclic compound with a dibenzo-γ-pyrone framework and well-known to have “privileged structures” for anticancer activities against several cancer cell lines. The wide anticancer activity of xanthones is produced by caspase activation, RNA binding, DNA cross-linking, as well as P-gp, kinase, aromatase, and topoisomerase inhibition. This anticancer activity depends on the type, number, and position of the attached functional groups in the xanthone skeleton. This review discusses the recent advances in the anticancer activity of xanthone derivatives, both from natural products isolation and synthesis methods, as the anticancer agent through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical assays.

scholarly journals Precise Engineering of Cisplatin Prodrug Into Supramolecular Nanoparticles: Enhanced on in Vitro Antiproliferative Activity and Treatment and Care of in Vivo Renal Injury 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyun Zhou ◽  
Xiaoxiao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Cost Effective Method

Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a widespread type of urological tumor that derives from the highly heterogeneous epithelium of the kidney tissue. For the past decade, the treatment of kidney cancer cells has changed clinical care for RCC. Herein, we present a very easy and cost-effective method that incorporates tumor-specific targeting supramolecular nanoassembly, and therapeutically to overcome the different challenges raised by the distribution of the pharmaceutical potential anticancer drug Cisplatin (CIS-PT). On covalent conjugations of hydrophobic linoleic acid by carboxylic group, the CIS-PT prodrugs were skilled in impulsively nanoassembly into extremely steady nanoparticles size (~100 nm). Electron microscopic techniques have verified the newly synthesized morphology of CIS-PT-NPs. The anticancer properties of CIS-PT and CIS-PT-NPs against Caki-1 and A-498 (renal carcinoma) cancer cell lines have been evaluated after successful synthesis. Other research, such as dual staining acridine orange/ethidium bromide, Hoechst 33344 and flow cytometry study on the apoptosis mechanisms, have shown that proliferation in renal cancer cells is associated with apoptosis. Further the In vivo toxicity results displays the CIS-PT-NPs remarkably alleviated the toxicity of the potential anticancer drug CIS-PT In vivo while conserving the Pharmaceutical activity. Compared to CIS-PT, CIS-PT-NPs demonstrate excellent In vitro and In vivo property, this study clarified the CIS-PT-NPs as a healthy and positive RCC care chemotherapeutics technique and deserve further clinical evaluations.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo studies on potentiation of cytotoxic effects of anticancer drugs or cobalt 60 gamma ray by interferon on human neoplastic cells

Cancer ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2262-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayoshi Namba ◽  
Shoichi Yamamoto ◽  
Hiroyoshi Tanaka ◽  
Toshinori Kanamori ◽  
Masahiro Nobuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects

scholarly journals ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF UPAVISHA SNUHI: A COMPREHENSIVE UPDATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 162-166
Author(s):  
Asolkar Geeta Govindrao ◽  
Nikam Ashwin Vithalrao ◽  
Pawade Uday Venkatrao ◽  
Anjankar Meghsham Pramodrao
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Classical Text ◽  
Ancient Science

Cancer is one of the dreaded diseases of 20th century responsible for causing most fatalities and spreading further with increasing incidence in 21st century. Ayurveda an ancient science provides many useful remedies for these types of advanced diseases. Upavishas narrated in Agadtantra contribute for many fruitful therapeutic formulations. Snuhi (Euphorbia neriifolia Linn.) is one among these upavishas is knocking out as an effective Anticancer agent. Traditionally it is mainly used in Kushtha, Udara, Shotha, Pandu, Gulma, Dushivisha, Visha chikitsa. Various In Vitro & In Vivo studies has been conducted to evaluate the anticancer activity of Upavisha Snuhi (Euphorbia neriifolia Linn.) in the form of its extracts. In this study a special emphasis is on gathering details of Upavisha Snuhi from available classical text and assemble data related to the In Vivo and In Vitro Anticancer activity of Upavisha Snuhi.

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