scholarly journals Analyzing Demographic Context of Rural Households by Food Poverty level: A Case of Humbo District, Southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Feleke Yehuwalashet Motuma ◽  
Temesgen Tadewos Zema
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Demographic Context

The major objective of this study was analyzing the demographic context of rural households by food poverty level: A case of Humbo district, Southern Ethiopia. To achieve this objective, relevant data were collected through a structured interview. The generated data were computed through descriptive (frequencies, percentages, ratios, mean values, standard deviation, standard error) and t-test inferential statistics to analyze desired household characteristics to poor and non-poor categories in Humbo district. Hence, comparing with non-poor rural households, poor rural households have less average of family size in Humbo district than non-poor households showing significant difference at 1 per cent significance level. There was an insignificant mean difference between poor and non-poor concerning dependency ratio, average age household heads and the female-male ratio of rural households at 5 per cent significance level in Humbo district. Our final conclusion was that effort should be made to improve those identified the demographic factors to alleviate rural food poverty of Humbo district. 

scholarly journals Assessment of first molars sagittal and rotational position in Class II, division 1 malocclusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Estevão Scanavini ◽  
Renata Pilli Jóias ◽  
Maria Helena Ferreira Vasconcelos ◽  
Marco Antonio Scanavini ◽  
Luiz Renato Paranhos
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Right ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the anterior-posterior positioning of the upper and lower first molars, and the degree of rotation of the upper first molars in individuals with Class II, division 1, malocclusion. METHODS: Asymmetry I, an accurate device, was used to assess sixty sets of dental casts from 27 females and 33 males, aged between 12 and 21 years old, with bilateral Class II, division 1. The sagittal position of the molars was determined by positioning the casts onto the device, considering the midpalatal suture as a symmetry reference, and then measuring the distance between the mesial marginal ridge of the most distal molar and the mesial marginal ridge of its counterpart. With regard to the degree of rotation of the upper molar, the distance between landmarks on the mesial marginal ridge was measured. Chi-square test with a 5% significance level was used to verify the variation in molars position. Student's t test at 5% significance was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A great number of lower molars mesially positioned was registered, and the comparison between the right and left sides also demonstrated a higher number of mesially positioned molars on the right side of both arches. The average rotation of the molars was found to be 0.76 mm and 0.93 mm for the right and left sides, respectively. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant difference was detected between the mean values of molars mesialization regardless of the side and arch. Molars rotation, measured in millimeters, represented ¼ of Class II.

scholarly journals The Effect of Selected Corrective Exercises With Physioball on the Posture of Female Computer Users With Upper Crossed Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-123
Author(s):  
Fariba Javazi ◽  
◽  
Parisa Sedaghati ◽  
Hasan Daneshmandi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Computer Users ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chest Expansion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Objective Upper Crossed Syndrome (UCS) is a type of musculoskeletal system involvement that results in shortening of anterior muscles and weakening of posterior muscles. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of selected corrective exercises with physioball on the postural status of female computer users with UCS. Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 24 female students with UCS who were selected using a purposive sampling method. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=12) and control (n=12). The exercise group performed exercises for 6 weeks. Photogrammetry method was used to measure the angle of the forward head and round shoulder. A flexible ruler was used to measure the angle of kyphosis, and tape measure was used to measure the chest expansion. These measurements were performed before and after intervention. The collected data were analyzed using paired t-test and ANOVA at the significance level of P<0.05. Results There was a significant difference in mean values of kyphosis (P=0.001), round shoulder (P=0.001), forward head (P=0.002) and chest expansion (P=0.003) before and after exercise. Conclusion Improvement in forward head, round shoulder and thoracic kyphosis angles and chest expansion showed the effectiveness of applied exercise program. Therefore, it is recommended to use this exercise program in computer users with UCS.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Level of Rural Households Livelihood Diversification in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Wanno Wallole ◽  
Yishak Gecho ◽  
Tewodros Tefera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Livelihood Diversification ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Household Livelihood ◽  
Household Heads

Livelihood diversification is enchanting a significant effect in generating household’s income. The livelihood diversification includes:on-farm, non-farm and off-farm strategies which are undertaken to get extra income and moderate hazard and insecurity. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting the level of rural household livelihood diversification in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. The study was conducted by using a cross-sectional research design. It is a quantitative dominant concurrent mixed research methodology where the qualitative research is complemented with interpretations and triangulation. By applying multi-stage random sampling technique, a sample size of 400 household heads from 6 sample villages was selected and data were collected using interview schedule and via key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics were analyzed and presented by using tables, graphs and figures while chi-square-test and F-test were employed to make statistical inferences. Tobit model was employed to identify the intensity of factors affecting of rural household’s livelihood diversification. Out of the 14 hypothesized explanatory variables, 6 variables namely age, education, access to extension, media access, distance to urban centers and training were found to have significant effect in rural household livelihood diversification decision. Therefore, the findings of this imply that rural households’ development policies should consider these factors in designing rural household livelihood diversification strategy.

scholarly journals COMPARAÇÃO DA VELOCIDADE DE CORRIDA NO VO2MÁX (vVO2Máx) E DA FREQUÊNCIA CARDÍACA MÁXIMA (FCMáx) EM CORREDORES AMADORES NOS PROTOCOLOS INDIRETOS DE 1 KM, 1 MILHA, 12 MINUTOS DE COOPER E O TESTE PROGRESSIVO DA UNIVERSIDADE DE MONTREAL (TPUM)

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-28
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Final Grade ◽  
Technical Procedure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The University ◽  
Practical Field

NUNES, W.A.A. e PEREIRA, J. Comparação da velocidade de corrida no VO2max (vVO2max) e da frequência cardíaca máxima (FCMax) em corredores amadores nos protocolos indiretos de 1 km, 1 milha, 12 minutos’ de Cooper e o Teste Progressivo da Universidade de Montreal (TPUM). Revista Científica JOPEF, Vol.28, n.1, pp.16-28, 2019. The current study, the course conclusion working main objective was to make the comparison of the estimation of vVO2máx (Running Speed at VO²max) and HRMax (Maximum Heart Rate) found by the following indirect VO2máx evaluation protocols: 1Km Test, 1 Mile Test, Cooper's 12 minutes Test, 'Test and the University of Montreal Progressive Test (TPUM) on a 1% incline treadmill, also known as the Maximum Aerobic Speed (VAM) Test. Forty-four male military runners, volunteers, with a mean age of 19.5 ± 0.79 with a mean BMI 23.11 ± 0.9 who attended CFC/18 (Military Cable Training Course/ 2018) participated in the study. Cooper's 12 minutes Test was held at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) athletics track in Curitiba-PR, where its result counted towards the final grade and classification in the referred course. The 1 Km test and the 1 Mile test were collected during the 12 minutes Cooper Test at UFPR and the University of Montreal Progressive Test on a 1% incline electric treadmill was performed 48h after the 12 minutes Cooper Test in a controlled environment using a Moviment RT250 G2 professional treadmill with a top speed of 18km/h. The research was characterized by a deductive approach study that uses a comparative technical procedure of an applied nature that was analyzed in its quantitative and qualitative descriptive form with data obtained through practical field tests where the comparison of vVO2máx and HRMax occurred. The mean values obtained and the standard deviation were obtained. To analyze the differences between vVO2máx and HRMax, the Student's t-test was used (significance level adopted was p <0.05). The results showed that there was no significant difference between vVO2máx found in the 1 Km, 1 Milha, 12 minutes Cooper and TPUM. In the HRMax study there was a significant difference between the 1 km test and Cooper's 12 minutes and 1 Km test and the TPUM. No significant differences were found between the 1 km and 1 mile, 1 mile and Cooper, 1 mile and TPUM and Cooper and TPUM tests. The highest values of HRMax were found in the 12 'tests of Cooper and TPUM, in some cases the results found in the latter underestimate all current equations that are used to obtain the estimate of HRMax.

scholarly journals The effect plyometric training with active-passive recovery for 8 weeks on performance physical abilities male judo athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 361-366
Author(s):  
Candra Kurniawan ◽  
Hari Setijono ◽  
Taufiq Hidayah ◽  
Hadi Hadi ◽  
Sugiharto Sugiharto
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Passive Recovery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Judo Athletes ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Study Aim. Judo is a popular sport with dynamic characteristics and requires high physical abilities to achieve achievement. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of plyometric exercises with active-passive recovery for eight weeks to improve the physical ability of male judo athletes. Material and Methods. This study used an experimental method. A total of 36 male judoka participated as samples and were randomly divided into three groups. The plyometric experimental group with active recovery (21.8±1.78 years, 1.70±0.06 m, 71.1±13.5 kg), plyometric experimental group with passive recovery (21.7±2.53 years, 1.71±0.06 m, 63.8±10.1 kg), and the control group (21.4±2.30 years, 1.72±0.05 m, 67.4±7.76 kg). The training program was conducted for eight weeks with a frequency of 3 times/week. The experimental group was treated with plyometric training after warm-up, judo training, and post-exercise active-passive recovery intervention. The control group continued regular judo training. The statistical analysis procedure used the ANOVA test to determine the difference and comparison of the pre-test and post-test mean values in the control and experimental groups with a significance level (p<0.05). Results. The results showed differences in the average value of experimental and control groups found significant to the VO2Max endurance and leg power. Meanwhile, no significant difference occurred in left and right grip strength, flexibility, and speed. Conclusions. The study concluded that plyometric training with active-passive recovery positively affects male judoka's VO2max endurance and leg power.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of composite materials to ambient light and clinical working time

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Vesna Miletic ◽  
Tatjana Savic-Stankovic ◽  
Jovana Stasic
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine sensitivity of composite materials to ambient light by a modified standard ISO 4049:2000 and clinical working time. Materials and Methods. The following materials were tested: nano-hybrid Herculite XRV Ultra (Kerr), micro-hybrid Herculite XRV (Kerr), Zmack (Zhermack), SuperCor (SpofaDental) and Valux Plus (3M ESPE). Five samples in each group were exposed to ambient light of 8000 lx, which comprised dental unit light and natural light. After 60 sec of exposure, each sample was visually examined for signs of inhomogeneity meaning that material did not pass the test. Clinical working time was studied by applying a custom-built, standardized indenter into composite specimens of about 2 mm thickness during the same exposure to ambient light. Completion of polymerization was tested by dissolving samples in ethanol and measuring the difference in thickness before and after the test. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA at the significance level of 0.05. Results. Only Herculite XRV Ultra passed the test of sensitivity to ambient light, while other materials showed signs of inhomogeneity. Herculite XRV Ultra showed significantly longer working time than other composites, the average was 250 sec (p<0.05). The mean values of working time for other materials ranged between 117-131 sec and there was no significant difference between them (p>0.05). Conclusion. Due to the lower sensitivity to ambient light and significantly longer clinical working time compared to micro-hybrid composites, Herculite XRV Ultra can be recommended for clinical procedures that require prolonged working time with material in plastic condition.

scholarly journals Legionella and agar cultures in healthcare facilities waters: a monitoring study in North-East Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Chirico ◽  
M Righini ◽  
G Bravo ◽  
F Mellace ◽  
R Cocconi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
North East ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Health Districts

Abstract Background Water healthiness is fundamental in medical facilities. Monitoring Legionella spp. and agar cultures concentration is therefore very important. This study looks into these parameters to examine possible criticalities that could need interventions. Methods We collected 399 Legionella and 82 agar cultures withdrawals between November 2019 and February 2020 from 157 detection points (like taps and showers) in 31 structures of four health districts. Withdrawals referred to the 4 quarters of year 2019 (t1, t2, t3, t4). Legionella values were expressed in colony forming units (CFU)/l; agar cultures in CFU/ml. We performed a non-parametric analysis to compare mean values between districts. We used the statistical software package SAS version 9.4 for Windows, setting the significance level at α = 0.05. Results 45% of structures presented at least one positive withdrawal for Legionella (in six we found positivity in more than 1 quarter). Concerning Legionella concentration, we found significant difference between districts in t2 (p = 0.012) and between wards of one district in t3 (p &lt; 0.05). We observed agar positive values in 11 structures (in four cases in more than 1 quarter). In t4 we found a very significant difference (p &lt; 0.0001) between agar values in the four districts, while in t3 we observed a non significant association (p = 0.067). In t3 we found a significant difference for agar values between wards of one district (p = 0.025). We finally considered the simultaneous presence or absence of Legionella and agar positivities: without considering quarters division, we observed accordance (both present or both absent) in 60 detection points, while in 34 points we didn't find it. Conclusions Data provided by this study show that Legionella is rather present in our districts, revealing an association with concentration of CFU in agar. Disinfecting operations should be implemented considering the differences between districts to provide a safe water in every ward. Key messages Water quality monitoring in healthcare facilities is fundamental to provide a safe and healthy environment. Legionella spp. and agar cultures concentrations depend by quarter and spot considered; focused operations should be taken into account to improve disinfection quality.

scholarly journals Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder and its association with stress and anxiety among university students

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Aparecida Benincá Ton ◽  
Iago Gomes Mota ◽  
Janice Sympson De Paula ◽  
Ana Paula Varela Brown Martins
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and the association with stress and anxiety among university students. Material and Methods: The Fonseca Anamnestic Index, Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE) and LIPP Stress Symptom Inventory (LIPP) were applied for 714 voluntaries. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were performed using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test and the Student's t-test or ANOVA, significance level of 5%. Results: The prevalence of TMD was 68.63%, 46.9% had mild TMD. There was a statistically significant difference between the means of age and the severity of the TMD, higher mean values for severe TMD (22.5 ± 3.3 years). There was a statistically significant association between the female and TMD, higher prevalence of mild TMD. Among the volunteers diagnosed with TMD, a significant number were diagnosed without stress, but there was a statistically significant association between those diagnosed with stress and mild TMD, anxiety and TMD, (state: moderate anxiety and DTM - 50%; trait: moderate and severe anxiety and mild DTM - 49.3% and 49.87%, respectively). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of TMD signs and symptoms, with higher prevalence in the female gender, mild TMD was more significant, and anxiety and stress were significantly present among university students with TMD signs and symptoms.KeywordsTemporomandibular disorder; Anxiety; Psychological stress.

scholarly journals Evaluation of digital optical density of bone repair in rats medicated with ketoprofen

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Valéria Martins ◽  
Marcos André dos Santos da Silva ◽  
Edmundo Medici Filho ◽  
Luiz Cesar de Moraes ◽  
Julio Cezar de Melo Castilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Density ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of ketoprofen on bone repair process in tibiae of rats by means of analysis of the digital optical density. Twenty Wistar rats were assigned to two groups: an untreated control group and a group treated with ketoprofen. The experimental procedures comprised the following stages: general anesthesia, preparation of a unicortical bone defect on the left tibia of each rat, medication with ketoprofen and radiographic examination. Digital radiographic images were acquired using Visualix GX-S-HDI™ digital sensor and an x-ray equipment. Radiographs were taken at baseline, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days postoperatively and the optical density (OD) was evaluated using the Vix winTM 1.4 system. The mean values of OD readings were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test with significance level set at á=5%. The control group showed a statistically significant correlation (p=0.001) between time and optical density, while the ketoprofen group exhibited a weak and not statistically significant correlation (p=0.100). The control group presented the smallest OD ratios at days 1 and 7, and the greatest OD ratios at days 14, 21 and 30, with statistically significant difference (p=0.001). There was no significant differences (p=0.100) among the OD ratios in the ketoprofen group, regardless of the evaluation period. The findings of this study suggest that ketoprofen influenced bone repair process because there was an increase in optical density during the first week and delayed new bone formation after the 21st day.

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