scholarly journals Protective Role of Different Local Spices on Lambda Cyhalothrin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Eme Efioanwan Orlu ◽  
Adetutu Olubunmi Obulor
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Animal House

Aim: This study was aimed at evaluating the protective role of different local spices on lambda cyhalothrin induced nephrotoxicity in male mice Experimental Design: A completely randomized experimental design using standard methods for analysis. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Animal house, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology of Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo Port Harcourt, Nigeria. GPS 4o47'50''N 6o58'49''E. This study lasted for 35days. Methodology: The experimental animals were separated into 6 groups (A-F) of seven mice each. Group A served as the control and Group B – F served as the test groups. At the end of the 35 day treatment period, feed was withdrawn from the mice 24 hours before termination of the experiment. Blood samples for analysis of kidney function test were collected from each mouse by ocular puncture into plain tubes. The blood was allowed to clot and centrifuged at 2500g to separate the serum from the cells. Total protein was analyzed using the spectrophotometric method of biuret, Bradford and erythrosine – b, albumin was estimated, creatinine and urea was done using enzymatic method. Vital organs were removed and weighed for organosomatic indices. Histological sections of the kidney were mounted on slides, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Photomicrographs were generated. Results: There is no significant difference (P=0.05) between the organ weight and bodyweight in group A compared with the treatment groups. The values of Albumin, total protein, urea, creatinine and total bilirubin increased significantly in group B administered lambda cyhalothrin alone but decreased in groups administered the local spices. Histopathological analysis of the kidney shows the regular structure of the kidney architecture in group A, tubular degeneration and several vacuolations were observed in group B. However, less degeneration of the epithelial cells, regeneration of renal tubular epithelium were observed in groups C- F. Conclusion: Based on the results from liver biomarkers and histological micrographs from this study, pronounced degeneration was observed in the kidney cells exposed to lambda-cyhalothrin only. Moreover, all spices used had a regenerating ability on the kidney tubules. It is advocated therefore that consumption of this spices either singly or in combination should be encouraged especially for those exposed to insecticides poisoning

scholarly journals Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in the Management of Postoperative Endodontic Pain

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 939-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Alsomadi ◽  
Riyad Al Habahbeh
Keyword(s):  
Pain Scale ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Aim To investigate the efficacy of using antibiotics in post endodontic treatment as a method to alleviate post-treatment pain. Materials and methods After completion of endodontic treatment 129 patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (65 patients) received Ibuprofen 400 mg one tablet before procedure and one tablet every 8 hours for the first day, then one tablet once indicated by pain. Group B (64 patients) received the same regimen as group A in addition to amoxicillin, clavulanic acid tablets (one tablet before the procedure, and then one tablet twice daily for a total of 3 days). Intensity of pain at 8 hours interval using visual analog scale (VAS) and total number of Ibuprofen tablets used was recorded by patients. Results Peak postoperative pain occurred at 16 hours posttreatment in both groups, there was a significant difference in the pain scale between the two groups in favor for group B over group A (3.8 vs 2.1 respectively). Pain scale was significantly lower in group B at 24, 32, 40, and 48 hours post-treatment with a p-value of < 0.05. The pain scale at 56, 64 and 72 hours were also less in group B, although could not show up as statistical difference. Patients in group A used statistically significant more Ibuprofen than patients in group B (486 vs 402). Conclusion Antibiotic prescription to manage post endodontic treatment pain results in less pain with less consumption of Ibuprofens. Clinical significance Pain management in endodontics is a real challenge, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are used effectively in many patients to alleviate post endodontic pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may have adverse reactions or may be contraindicated. Short-term use of antibiotics to alleviate pain can be of clinical benefits in these patients. How to cite this article Alsomadi L, Al Habahbeh R. Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in the Management of Postoperative Endodontic Pain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(12):939-943.

The role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate surgery- A randomized double blind study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Singh ◽  
B B Baj ◽  
Vipin Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

The aim of our study to determine the role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in transurethral resection of prostate surgery. This is randomized double-blind study conducted in 60 ASA grade status 1 and 2 patients age group between 45-80 yrs undergoing TURP under spinal anaesthesia in urology operation theatre in Mahatma Gandhi hospital Jaipur after receiving permission from hospital ethical committee. A detailed history, complete physical examination and routine investigation were done for all patients followed by informed written consent was obtained. Patients are randomly divided into 2 groups. In group A -30 patients who received orally tab tolvaptan 15 mg and group B-30 patients who received orally tab multivitamin 2 hrs before surgery after doing electrolytes of the patients in the morning. In both groups age (in yrs), wt (in kg), ASA grade, volume of irrigating fluid (in litres), volume of prostate resected (in gm) and duration of surgery (in minutes) all demographic and surgical details data were compared. Electrolytes were compared in both groups pre and post-operatively and statistical analysis was done.There was significant difference in post-operative sodium level between the two groups (A and B). The mean level of sodium significantly reduced post-operatively in group –B (control grp). The mean level of sodium significantly increased post-operatively in group –A (tolvaptan grp). We conclude single dose of tolvaptan -15 mg found to effective in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing TURP.

scholarly journals Role of Immediate Release and Delayed Release Omeprazole in Patients with Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Mahabub Rahman ◽  
Dewan Saifuddin Ahmed ◽  
Syeda Nur E Jannat ◽  
MM Shahin Ul Islam ◽  
Abu Ahmed Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Esophageal Reflux ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Delayed Release ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Proton pump inhibitors are widely used for Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) treatment. This prospective double blind randomized cross over study was carried out in the Department of Gastroenterology, BSMMU from June 2007 to May 2008 to assess the efficacy of Immediate-release omeprazole (IR-OMEP) & Delayed-release Omeprazole (DR-OMEP) in relieving symptoms & healing of oesophagitis in GERD. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria underwent upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy to be lebelled as nonerosive and erosive GERD. Among total 69 patients, 43 (62.3 %) had nonerosive and 26 (37.7 %) had erosive GERD. Patients were divided into group A (35) and group B (34) who received group A drugs (20 mg IR-OMEP bd) and group B drugs (20 mg DROMEP bd) from day 1-14 respectively. Then drugs were crossed over (group A: 20mg DR-OMEP bd; group B: 20 mg IR-OMEP bd) from day 15-28. Improvement of heartburn, regurgitation in each group were assessed in every week, during drug cross over and at the end and then compared between two groups. There was no significant difference in relieving heartburn and regurgitation between IR-OMEP and DR-OMEP either in erosive or nonerosive GERD (P>0.50). Patients with erosive GERD underwent UGI endoscopy at the end of treatment to see healing of esophagitis. Study showed significant healing of oesophagitis in group A after 4 weeks than group B (14%) (P<0.05) but there is no superiority of IR-OMEP over DR-OMEP in relieving symptoms of GERD.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2016;11(2): 67-73

scholarly journals The Effect of a Mediterranean Meal on Sprague Dawley Rats DMBA-Induced Mammary Tumors

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. CGM.S5894
Author(s):  
Paula C. Pereira ◽  
A. Filipa Vicente ◽  
Maria F. Mesquita ◽  
Antonio S. Cabrita
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Total Cancer ◽  
Group A ◽  
Histopathologic Analysis ◽  
Group B

The present study intents to find a possible protective role of a Mediterranean type meal on mammary carcinogenesis. Several factors have been associated with breast cancer risk, genetics and environment are the most pointed out in epidemiologic and experimental studies. Diet is an environmental factor that can promote or prevent disease, being responsible for almost 35% of total cancer cases. A total of 72 female rats 50 days old were randomly divided in three groups of 24 rats and housed 4 in each plastic cage in a holding room under constant conditions of 22 ± 2 °C, 55 ± 10% humidity and a 12 h light/dark cycle. All the animals were submitted to the administration of 20 mg of 7, 12 dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) in olive oil, by gavages, except group A. The same defined standard food was provided for all the animals in group A and B, supplemented with a Mediterranean meal in group C. All the animals were sacrificed by the end of 150 days. Total carcinoma number did not differ significantly between Groups B and C and there were not found any neoplastic lesions in Group A. Most tumors showed a mixed architectural pattern, with cribriform and papillary areas, comedocarcinoma and necrosis was only seen in Group B. Histopathologic analysis showed that Group C tumors had lower mitotic activity and Pattern Grades, but higher Nuclear Grades. Mediterranean diet type meal showed lower Pattern Grades and lower Mitotic count in spite of that a higher nuclear pleomorphism was also found. Even so, tumors from Group C were better differentiated which can indicate lower malignancy.

scholarly journals To assess the role of lingual flap for the removal of lower wisdom tooth.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (08) ◽  
pp. 1656-1663
Author(s):  
Noman Ahmed ◽  
Almas Rahoojo ◽  
Syed Zafar Abbas ◽  
Syed Ghazanfar Hassan ◽  
Zunair Memon
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Lingual Nerve ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wisdom Tooth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objectives: To assess the role of lingual flap in encountering lingual nerve injury during the surgical elimination of lower wisdom tooth. Study Design: Cross Sectional Case Control study. Setting: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro / Hyderabad. Period: January 2016 to September 2016. Material & Methods: Subjects were categorized into two categories: Group-A (lingual flap) & group-B (control group) each having 52 patients by Lottery method. In group A an envelope mucoperiosteal flap followed by lingual flap elevation carried out and in group B only envelope flap was carried out. All patients were reviewed on the first postoperative day and again 1 and 3rd week after surgery. At each postoperative visit, patient was examined for sensory nerve impairment of the lingual nerve by same observer. Results: Total 104 cases were studied, all the cases categorized among two groups 52 in each group. In group-A 34 were males and 18 were females, while in group-B 44 were male and 8 were females. There was no significant difference among both groups according to the pre-operative assessment. According to objective findings, lingual nerve paresthesia was found among 2 cases of group A on 1st visit, while no any case was found with nerve injury in group B. Out of 2 cases, one case was improved and only one had presented with complain at 2nd visit and 3rd visit, no significant difference among both groups, p-values were quite insignificant. Conclusion: It was concluded that lingual nerve injury (LNI) occurred among few cases of lingual flap group which was insignificantly higher as compare to control group, but the nature of injury was temporary.

scholarly journals HYPERLIPIDEMIC PATIENTS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marium Shoukat ◽  
Hijab Batool ◽  
Faiza Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Protective Role ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Atheromatous Plaque ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objectives: Role of niacin in decreasing cardiovascular accidents by lowering the levels of Apo-B in hyperlipidemic patients. Background: In hyperlipidemia, there are high levels of atherogenic lipoproteins leading to higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Patients with dyslipidemia use statins as a mainstay of therapy over last many decades. Recent studies show that apolipoproteins play a major role in formation of atheromatous plaque, thus there is an urgent need to study the effects of lipid lowering medication on apolipoprotiens levels. Study Design: Cross sectional analytical study. Setting: Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore (Department of Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology). Period: 12 weeks from July to Sep 2014. Materials and Methods: Recently diagnosed hyperlipidemic patients (n=44) were selected for the study purpose and divided into two equal groups; A and B. Each group was given different medication. Group A took only statin while group B took a combination of statin and niacin. Blood samples were taken at the start of medication and then after completion of 12 week time period. Results: At the start of the treatment there was no significant difference in the Apo B cholesterol level between the two groups (p value 0.972). However, after the end of 12 week duration, there was a significant reduction in the Apo level of group B taking statin and niacin as compared to group A taking statin alone (p value 0.003). Conclusions: Niacin has cardio-protective role when used in combination with niacin.

scholarly journals The role of glucomannan fiber in childhood functional constipation

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Indiana Aulia ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Emil Azlin ◽  
Atan Baas Sinuhaji
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

its most common type is functional constipation. The dietary fiber may be useful in childhood functional constipation management, but unfortunately the role of fiber in functional constipation is still less developed.Objective To determine the role of glucomannan in treatment of childhood functional constipation.Methods A crossover randomized controlled trial (RCT) was done from May until July 2012 in a boarding school in Medan, North Sumatera. The subjects were children with functional constipation aged 7 to 12 years. Subjects were randomised into two group receiving glucomannan fiber as polysaccharide gel (group A) and maltodextrin as placebo (group B) with each dose of 100 mg/kg/day (maximum of 5 g/day) diluted in 50 ml water/500 mg for 4 weeks, then after a wash out period we did the crossover of the two groups. Frequency and consistency of stools were recorded into diary sheet for 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Functional constipation has been diagnosed based on Rome III criteria. Data was analyzed using independent T-test and Chi-square test.Results A total of 36 subjects were eligible with each group consisting of 18 subjects and mean of weight of 25 kg. We found significant difference in stool frequency, treated on glucomannan with P= 0.002 before and P = 0.0001 after the wash out period. For stool consistency, we found difference while treated on glucomannan 9/18 (P= 0.034) in 4 weeks before and 11/18 (P = 0.008) in 4 weeks after the wash out period.Conclusion Glucomannan has significant effect to improve functional constipation especially in 4 weeks treatment.

Effects of Ginkgo Biloba on Testicle Injury Induced by Diethylstilbestrol in Mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 1135-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xiu-Hui Zhong ◽  
Aituan Ma ◽  
Wanyu Shi ◽  
Xiao-Si Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Equivalent Amount ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Gingko Biloba ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

To evaluate the effect of gingko biloba (EGb) on diethylstilbestrol (DES) induced testicle injury in mice. Fifty male mice were divided into a control group (A), DES group (B), and 3 EGb groups (C, D, E). The EGb-treated groups received peritoneal EGb at 8.75 (C), 17.5 (D), 35 mg/kg (E) BW daily for 7 days. The control group was given equivalent amount of normal saline. The mice in groups B, C, D and E were injected hypodermically with DES at 40 mg/kg BW daily 4 hours after the first herbal administration, while the control was given olive oil. Compared with DES group, the testis coefficients-relative testicular weight increased in the three EGb-treated groups. No significant difference was observed in epididymis coefficients. Lipid peroxidation status and antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly elevated in testes of EGb-treated groups. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents were significantly decreased in testes of the EGb groups. The results indicate that EGb protects the testis from diethylstilbestrol-induced injury.

scholarly journals Comparing the role of subcision suction method with and without the injection of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of depressed scars

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouran Abd El-Aziz Abou Khedr ◽  
Tarek Mahmoud Hussein ◽  
Ayat Mohamed El-Sayed Abd El-Fatah
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Slight Improvement ◽  
Moderate Improvement ◽  
Acne Scars ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Short Time

<p class="BodyText1">Among wound-healing modalities, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used for wound healing, through the release of multiple growth factors. The platelets mediate wound healing by initiating the clotting pathway and the subsequent matrix remodelisation. The aim of the work was to study the role of injection of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of scars. This study was conducted on thirty patients who were divided into two groups (A and B). Each group included fifteen patients. The two groups were randomly distributed by using individual sealed envelopes. Group A was subjected to subcision of their acne scars using Nokor needle, followed by suction. Group B patients were subjected to the same treatment but followed by an injection of platelet-rich plasma once per month over three months. In Group A, 6 patients (40%) showed moderate improvement, 5 patients (33.3%) showed slight improvement and 4 patients (26.7%) showed significant improvement. In Group B, 7 patients (46.7%) showed moderate improvement, 5 patients (33.3%) showed marked improvement and 3 patients (20%) showed significant improvement. There was a statistically significant difference on the independent observer’s after-treatment assessment between the groups (P=0.014). In conclusion, subcision suction leads to a persistent improvement of acne scars in a short time, and the coupling with injection of PRP is the most effective in the treatment of depressed facial scars.</p>

scholarly journals Results of challenge of goats with Staphylococcus aureus into the teat of the udder

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
A. TZORA ◽  
C. VOIDAROU ◽  
A. KARAMOUTSIOS ◽  
J. SKOUFOS
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective of the present study was to study the outcome of inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus into the teat duct of female goats, which simulates mammary natural infections. In total, 22 lactating goats were used in the study; 8 animals were challenged with a S. aureus strain at a depth of 2 mm into one teat duct (group A), 8 animals were challenged with the same strain at 6 mm into one teat duct (group B) and 6 animals were challenged directly into one gland cistern (group C). Challenge dose was always 1300 cfu. Animals were examined clinically before and after challenge; milk samples were collected for bacteriological and cytological examination, and milk yield measurements were also performed. Goats in group A or B developed a significantly milder response than animals in group C. It is concluded that the evidence indicates a protective role of the normal teat of the udder of goats and that the results also underline the significance of maintaining healthy teats for prevention of mastitis in dairy herds.

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