scholarly journals Hepatic Enzyme Effects of an Imperata cylindrica Extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
M. O. Nwokike ◽  
S. I. Ghasi ◽  
E. C. Ogbuagu ◽  
M. N. Ezenwaeze ◽  
Akpotu E. Ajirioghene
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Hepatic Enzyme ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

This study was performed to investigate the effects of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract on hepatic enzyme levels of alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Forty (48) male wistar rats were divided into six groups consisting of eight animals each. Diabetes mellitus was induced using intraperitoneal administration 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan and treatment was carried out for a period of 28 days. The first group served as the normal control and received only feed and water ad libitum. In Group 2 were diabetic rats without treatment with extracts. Group 3: diabetic rats treated with 200 mg/kg aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. Group 4: diabetic rats treated with 400mg/kg aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. Group 5: diabetic rats treated with 600mg/kg ethanol extract of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. While Group 6 was diabetic rats treated with 0.5mg/kg Glibenclamide. The liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly (p < 0.05) changed in rats treated with Alloxan (150mg/kg b.w.) while treatment with the respective dosages of extracts significantly changed the levels of these parameters to normal. The results obtained indicate that the different doses of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extracts were beneficial in mending damages to the liver caused by Alloxan monohydrate in the male wistar rats.

scholarly journals Ruellia tuberosa L. Extract Improves Histopathology and Lowers Malondialdehyde Levels and TNF Alpha Expression in the Kidney of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anna Roosdiana ◽  
Fajar Shodiq Permata ◽  
Riera Indah Fitriani ◽  
Khairul Umam ◽  
Anna Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Ruellia tuberosa L. is a therapeutic plant that is generally consumed in Indonesian traditional medicine to prevent or cure various illnesses, i.e., diabetes. The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of hydroethanolic root extracts of Ruellia tuberosa L. on the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. In this study, male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: healthy rats (group 1), diabetic rats (group 2), and treated rats which received extract at dosages of 250 (group 3), 375 (group 4), and 500 (group 5) mg/kg body weight for 21 days. Diabetes mellitus was experimentally induced by the administration of five doses of streptozotocin 20 mg/kg body weight within five consecutive days. Significant increases in the value of TNF alpha expression and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Furthermore, severe histological alterations of kidney tissues occurred in the diabetic rats group. After treatment was applied, the value of TNF alpha expression and MDA levels on the kidney decreased considerably p < 0.05 in groups 3, 4, and 5. The optimum dosage was obtained at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight (group 3), which had 42.24% and 52.70% decrease in TNF alpha expression and MDA levels, respectively. The histopathological profiles of the kidney also showed significant improvements in treated groups. The most prominent recoveries were also shown in group 3. The treatments induced repairment in the glomerular and renal tubular damages in the kidney tissues. To conclude, these results emphasize potentially health valuable properties of hydroethanolic root extracts of R. tuberosa L. in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

Anti-diabetogenic and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Dryopteris dilatata in alloxan-induced male Wistar rats

Biomarkers ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Akpotu E. Ajirioghene ◽  
Samuel I. Ghasi ◽  
Lawrence O. Ewhre ◽  
Olusegun G. Adebayo ◽  
Jerome N. Asiwe
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Dietary Choline Deprivation Exacerbates Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Adult Rats

Diabetology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-204
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Humadi ◽  
Athina Strilakou ◽  
Hussam Al-Humadi ◽  
Rafal Al-Saigh ◽  
Emmanouel Agapitos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Myocardial Inflammation ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Choline (Ch) is an essential molecule of substantial importance for the optimal development and function of several biological systems. Ch deprivation has been linked with abnormal fat metabolism, insulin resistance, and myocardial dysfunction. The current study provides evidence of an exacerbation of streptozotocin-induced cardiomyopathy in adult diabetic Wistar rats by dietary Ch deprivation through the administration of a Ch-deprived diet (CDD). Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly separated into four groups: control, diabetic (DM), choline-deprived through choline-deprived diet (CD), and diabetic choline-deprived (DM + CD). After five weeks of dietary intervention, myocardium echocardiographic and histological assessments were performed. Choline-deprived diabetic rats exhibited significantly slower heart rate, significantly higher myocardial ejection velocity and left ventricle wall tension index with a concomitant significant decreased LV posterior wall thickness as compared to diabetic rats fed on a standard diet. Moreover, histopathological evidence demonstrated an exacerbation of myocardial inflammation and fibrosis associated with significant up-regulation of VEGF expression in the diabetic rat myocardium as a result of Ch deprivation. The study’s findings are of particular significance since the examined experimental approach introduces a previously uncharacterised comorbidity simulation with regards to myocardial structure and functional profiling.

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BANANA PEEL FLOUR ON HISTOLOGICAL AND LIVER FUNCTION IN DIABETIC RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 529-538
Author(s):  
Herlin Ajeng Nurrahma ◽  
Andreanyta Meliala ◽  
Paramita Narwidina ◽  
Sri Herwiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Hepatic Enzyme ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

In diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely linked to hyperglycemia metabolism. This study aimed to find out how a banana peel supplemented diet affected histological and liver function changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, antioxidants, and tryptophan are all contained in banana peel flour (BPF). Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that has been linked to depression and anxiety. This post-test-only control group study was conducted on twenty-five male Wistar rats which were separated into five groups with different treatments. Groups II to V were diabetic rats model groups that consumed standard diet mixed with BPF 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%, respectively, while group I was a healthy control group fed a standard diet. Hepatic enzyme transaminase (Alanine Aminotransferase-ALT and Aspartate Aminotransferase - AST) and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining were analyzed with the NAFLD score to examine the liver function and hepatocellular morphology. A change in liver function was observed, as well as a substantial change in the levels of ALT and AST. The NAFLD score with HE staining showed substantial improvements in liver morphology, which was better seen at a 20% BPF dose. The current study supported the hypothesis that BPF had a hepatoprotective effect in diabetic rats, which may be due to the mechanism of controlling the hepatic enzyme transaminase and inducing liver regeneration.

scholarly journals Nephroprotective Property of C. chayamansa Aqueous Leaf Extract in Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Jonathan Dingkwoet Dabak ◽  
Rose Titus Kuyambana ◽  
Titilayo Omolara Johnson ◽  
Jonathan Latrwang Dabal
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Test Control

Aim: To evaluate the nephroprotective property of Cnidoscolus chayamansa aqueous leaf extract in diabetic rats. Study Design: Rats were randomly divided into five groups with group 1 as the normal control. Diabetic was induced in groups 2-4. Group 2 was used as the test control while groups 3 and 4 were treated with different concentrations of the leaf extract; group 5 was treated with the standard drug, glipizide. Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Biochemistry and Anatomy, University of Jos, Nigeria, between August to November, 2019. Methodology: Fourty (40) male albino Wistar rats were grouped into five groups. The rats were treated for fourteen days and then sacrificed by decapitation after anaesthesia. Blood was collected for biochemical parameters; kidney was excised and stored in formaldehyde until required for histopathological study. Serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate were determined using appropriate methods. Results: The test control had a significant (P < .05) decrease in the concentrations of Na+, Cl- and HCO3- ions; significant (P < .05) increases in serum K+ ion, urea, uric acid and creatinine. Treatments of the test groups with the different doses of the leaf extract and the standard drug increased the concentration of Na+ ion which was not significantly (P < .05) different from the test control. On the other hand, the concentration of Cl- and HCO- ions  were significantly (P < .05) increased; the concentrations of K+, urea, uric acid and creatinine were significantly (P < .05) decreased. The histochemistry of the kidneys revealed that the injury brought about under diabetic condition was ameliorated with the treatments with the low and high doses of the leaf extract, and the standard drug. Conclusion: The results show that the aqueous leaf extract has nephroprotective property.

scholarly journals The Hepatoprotective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium campanulatum (Korth) and Syzygium aromaticum (L) Leaf on Male Wistar Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) was Induced by Paracetamol

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Much Ilham Novalisa Aji Wibowo ◽  
Nur Aeni ◽  
Zidna Mazayatul Huda ◽  
Nunuk Aries Nurulita
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatoprotective Agent ◽  
Better Than

Syzygium campanulatum and Syzygium aromaticum contains antioxidant components suchas flavonoids, phenolic, and terpenoids. May have hepatoprotective properties in reducing SGPT and SGOT activity. This research wants to determine the potency of hepatoprotective of ethanolic extract of Syzygium campanulatum (Korth) and Syzygium aromaticum leaf compared with curcuma tablets. This research uses 24 male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups: I, II, III (as a normal, induction, and compared control), group IV, V, VI were treated 105, 210, and 420 mg/kg BW respectively. The study was conducted for 9 days. After 7 days of treatment, treated groups were exposed by hepatotoxic dose of paracetamol (2000 mg/kg BW). The SGPT and SGOT activity of all groups was measured by enzimatic assay. The result can be concluded that Syzygium campanulatum extract was found to be active as hepatoprotective agent with 210 mg/kg BW dosage (SGPT 21.76 ± 3.98 U/L and SGOT 7.32±6.74U/L) as eff ective as with the curcuma tablets (SGPT 23.91 ± 4.41 U/L and SGOT 14.12±5.37 U/L) and the hepatoprotective activity of Syzygium campanulatum extract at a dosage 420 mg/kg BW better than curcuma tablets (SGPT 12.43 ± 6.51 U/L and SGOT 6.64 ± 5.88 U/L). While the hepatoprotec Syzygium campanulatum and Syzygium aromaticum contains antioxidant components such as flavonoids, phenolic, and terpenoids.May have hepatoprotective properties in reducing SGPT and SGOT activity. This research wants to determine the potency of hepatoprotective of ethanolic extract of Syzygium campanulatum (Korth) and Syzygium aromaticum leaf compared with curcuma tablets. This research uses 24 male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups: I, II, III (as a normal, induction, and compared control), group IV, V, VI were treated 105, 210, and 420 mg/kg BW respectively. The study was conducted for 9 days. After 7 days of treatment, treated groups were exposed by hepatotoxic dose of paracetamol (2000 mg/kg BW). The SGPT and SGOT activity of all groups was measured by enzimatic assay. The result can be concluded that Syzygium campanulatum extract was found to be active as hepatoprotective agent with 210 mg/kg BW dosage (SGPT 21.76 ± 3.98 U/L and SGOT 7.32±6.74U/L) as eff ective as with the curcuma tablets (SGPT 23.91 ± 4.41 U/L and SGOT 14.12±5.37 U/L) and the hepatoprotective activity of Syzygium campanulatum extract at a dosage 420 mg/kg BW better than curcuma tablets (SGPT 12.43 ± 6.51 U/L and SGOT 6.64 ± 5.88 U/L). While the hepatoprotective activity of Syzygium aromaticum extracts eff ective as with curcuma tablets at all dosage variation.

scholarly journals Erectogenic Effect of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Extract in Normal and 5-Fluorouracil induced Oxidative Stressed Adult Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
O. Abimbola Akintemi ◽  
R. O. Babalola ◽  
S. O. Babatunde
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5 ◽  
Thiol Level ◽  
Group 1

This study determined the effect of oral administration of aqueous extract from Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract (TVE) on the antioxidant status and activity of some penile function enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), adenosine diaminase (ADA), and arginase) activity in normal and 5- Fluorouracil- induced oxidative stressed rats. Sixty adult Wister rats (210-225)g were divided into ten (10) groups (n=6): Group 1: received oral administration  of normal saline (NC), Group 2: received 100 mg/kg of thyme extract orally (TE 100 mg/kg), Group 3: received 200 mg/kg of thyme extract orally (TE 200 mg/kg), rats in group four were treated with 400 mg/kg of thyme extract orally (TE 400 mg/kg), Those in group 5: received 25 mg/kg of Vitamin C orally, while group 6 to 10 were induced with 150 mg/kg of 5-Fluorouracil solution (5-FLU, i.p), but group 7-10 were treated 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and Vitamin C (25mg/kg), respectively. After fourteen (14) days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed and the penile tissue was carefully isolated and prepared into homogenate, which was used for antioxidant and enzymes biochemical analysis. The result revealed that i.p induction of 5-FLU caused a significant increase in malondialdehyde level, as well as AChE, ADA, PDE-5 and arginase activities wth concomitant decrease in thiol level when compared to control rats. However, the administration of TVE was found to reverse the effect of 5-FLU. The TVE was also found the reduced MDA level and all the enzyme activities, but boosted the thiol level in the normal rats when compared to control rats. Interestingly the effect of the TVE was found dose-dependently, and 400 mg/kg TVE was found to be more potent among all the doses used in both normal and 5-FLU-induced oxidative stress rats.

Anticonvulsive and anti-epileptogenesis effects of Echinacea purpurea root extract, an involvement of CB2 receptor

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Gholami ◽  
Jamal Amri ◽  
Saeed Pazhoohan ◽  
Mehdi Sadegh
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Cb2 Receptor ◽  
Kindling Model ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
Cb2 Receptors

Abstract Objective Phytocannabinoids beyond the Δ9-tetrahy-drocannabinol have shown anticonvulsive effects. Also, alkylamides from Echinacea purpurea have been proved as cannabinomimetics. We examined the effect of the hydroalcoholic root extract of E. purpurea on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced tonic–clonic seizures and kindling model of epileptogenesis and the involvement of CB2 receptors as the mediator of this effect. Methods Male Wistar rats (200 ± 20 g) were used. Single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of PTZ (80 mg/kg) was used to induce tonic–clonic seizures. The kindling model of epileptogenesis was induced by daily injections of PTZ (37 mg/kg; i.p. for 15 days). Latency and duration of the stages were monitored for analysis. The hydroalcoholic root extract of E. purpurea was injected (i.p.) 20 min before seizure induction at the doses of 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. CB2 receptor antagonist SR144528 was injected (0.1 mg/kg; i.p.) 20 min before the Echinacea injection. Results In the tonic–clonic model, pretreatment with E. purpurea at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly increased latencies to S2–S6, while it significantly decreased S6 duration and mortality rate. SR144528 injection before the injection of 100 mg/kg of E. purpurea significantly prevented the effects of the extract on S4–S6 latencies. In the kindling model, E. purpurea at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly delayed epileptogenesis and decreased mortality rate, while SR144528 injection before the injection of 100 mg/kg of E. purpurea significantly blocked this effect of the extract. Conclusion These findings revealed the anticonvulsive and antiepileptogenesis effects of the E. purpurea root extract, which can be mediated by CB2 receptors.

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