scholarly journals Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Helminth Parasites among School Children Attending Two Community Schools in Auta Balefi, Karu, Nasarawa State

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Maikenti, James Ishaku ◽  
Chinonso Praise Onyeacho ◽  
Amos Zamfara Koggie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Community Schools ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth

Aim: To determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites among school children attending two community schools in Auta-balefi, Karu. Nasarawa State. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted between July and August, 2019 in two community schools in Auta-balefi, Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Methodology: Microscopic examination of faecal sample from 288 pupils (143 males and 145 females) from ages 5 years and above was carried out using formol-ether concentration technique. Questionnaires were also administered and only pupils whose parents gave their consents were enrolled in the study. Results: This study recorded an overall prevalence of 45.1% gastrointestinal helminth infection. The study however, identified the following parasites in descending order: hookworm (30.76%), Ascaris lumbricoides (25.4%), Schistosoma mansoni (17.7%), Strongyloides stercoralis (13.8%), Proglottids of tapeworm (10.78%), Fasciola hepatica (1.5%). Males (51.0%) were more infected as well as children between the ages 11-15 years with (48.3%). Risk factors such as: The educational status and occupation (higher education and unskilled job) of the parents, use of water closet and use of well water and contact with soil were found to contribute to the prevalence of intestinal helminths infection in the study. This is because of the significant association of present of parasites and the prevalence of the parasites (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths parasite at the end of the study was (45.1%) which is considered to be high compare to previous study carried on the related subject matter and also certain risk factors were considered to be the reason for such high observation. The prevalence in this study is one to be worried about considering the harm these parasites has on the health and livelihood of children who need to be healthy to carry out their everyday functions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Helminthiasis in Horses and Donkeys of Hawassa District, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mesfin Mathewos ◽  
Dawit Girma ◽  
Haben Fesseha ◽  
Metages Yirgalem ◽  
Eyob Eshetu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Gi Helminths

Background. Gastrointestinal helminth parasite infection is a major influencing factor against the profitability of working equines all over the world. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GI) helminths and assess the associated risk factors in donkeys and horses in the Hawassa district. A total of 214 fecal samples were collected from randomly selected equines (112 donkeys and 102 horses) and examined for the presence of eggs of GI helminths using standard coprological techniques. Results. According to the current study, the prevalence of GI helminths in equine was 78.5% (168/214) and the highest prevalence was reported in donkeys 92% (103/112) as compared to horses 63% (65/102). Out of 168 positive samples, the different species of parasites were identified, namely, Strongyle species 120 (56.1%), Strongyloides westeri 76 (35.5%), Parascaris equorum 54 (25.2%), Anoplocephala perfoliata 34 (15.8%), Oxyuris equi 20 (9.3%), Fasciola hepatica 18 (8.8%), Gastrodiscus species 12 (5.6%), and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi 4 (1.8%). There was a strong association between the prevalence of GI helminths and factors such as the species of equine, body condition scores, and feed type ( p  < 0.05). However, no significant association ( p  > 0.05) was observed between the prevalence of GI helminths and putative risk factors such as age, sex, housing, and water source. The coproculture performed on 30 pooled fecal samples revealed that Cyathostomes species, Strongylus vulgaris, and Strongylus edentatus were the major helminth parasites of donkeys and horses. Conclusion. The frequency of gastrointestinal helminths in equine species was high, especially in donkeys. Hence, strategic deworming using broad-spectrum antihelminthic drugs and a rotational grazing program should be implemented to control and prevent the diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0258037
Author(s):  
Walid Elmonir ◽  
Haitham Elaadli ◽  
Anan Amer ◽  
Hammed El-Sharkawy ◽  
Mohamed Bessat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are among the major public health problems globally, particularly in developing countries like Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate prevalence and risk factors associated with IPIs among preschool and school children in Egypt. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 996 randomly selected preschool and school-aged children in Gharbia governorate during January to April 2018. Stool specimens were examined for the presence of the parasite by direct smear and the formol-ether concentration methods. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 46.2%. Entamoeba histolytica and Ascaris lumbricoides were the most predominant parasites (12.7% per each). This is followed by Enterobius vermicularis (8.6%), Giardia lamblia (7.1%), Cryptosporidium parvum (1.5%), Heterophyes heterophyes (1.4%), Hymenolepis nana (0.7%), Hookworms (0.6%), Fasciola hepatica (0.5%) and Dipylidium caninum (0.4%). Infected children with no symptoms (26.8%) were significantly (P < 0.001) more frequent than those with medical complaint (19.4%). Socio-demographic predictors of IPIs were preschool age (OR = 4.9; P < 0.001; 95%CI 3.3–7.3), living in rural dwellings (OR = 1.96; P < 0.001; 95%CI 1.5–2.5), and belonging to a low-income family (OR = 4.7; P < 0.001; 95%CI 2.3–9.3). The absence of safe drinking water, lack of hand washing (after soil contact, or before meals, or after toilet usage), and eating unwashed vegetables were risk factors for IPIs in the study region (OR = 1.3–6.9, P < 0.001 –P = 0.05). Higher odds for exposure to potential zoonotic parasites were evident in children with pets in their homes for G. lambia and D. caninum (OR = 2.1–8.3; P = 0.02 –P = 0.04), children having household reared ruminants for C. parvum (OR = 10.4; P < 0.001), and children that play with stray animals for E. histolytica and Hookworm (OR = 1.8–6.3; P = 0.04 –P = 0.05)compared to other children with no animal contact. The present study highlights the importance of periodic screening and treatment of IPIs in children, deworming companion animals, and public education for effective prevention of IPIs in children in Egypt.

Intestinal helminth infection and malnutrition among public primary school children in Ibadan, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
C. Nnolim ◽  
T.A. Adekeye ◽  
H.O. Awobode
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections

Intestinal helminthiasis associated with malnutrition in children remains endemic in developing countries despite considerable efforts at control. This study was carried out to determine the current prevalence status and the risk factors associated with intestinal helminth infections among primary school children in Ibadan. A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 5-16 year old pupils, from 7 primary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State. Microscopic examination of stool for ova was carried out using a formol-ether concentration technique. Predisposing risk factors were determined from questionnaire data while anthropometric indices consisting of weight, height and age were the measured indicators of the nutritional status. Of the 485 pupils examined, 187(38.6%) had helminth infections and the parasites identified were Ascaris lumbricoides (35.9%), Strongyloides stercoralis (12.4%), hookworm (8.5%), Enterobius vermicularis (4.9%), Schistosoma mansoni (3.5%) and Trichuris trichiura (0.4%). More male pupils (52.9%, p = 0.05) than females (47.1%) had infections. Pupils aged between 9-12 years (p = 0.02) had highest (49.2%) infection rates. Infections were recorded in 13(18.57%) of 70 pupils treated with levamisole by the local health centres 2 weeks prior to this study. Wearing of footwear, parent’s occupation, drinking water sources, family size and toilet type were risk factors significantly associated (p<0.05) with infection in this study. The  overall prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight were 24.4%, 28.8% and 7.8% respectively, there was however, no statistical relationship (p>0.05) between the prevalence of infection and malnutrition. Intestinal helminthiasis is still prevalent in schoolchildren despite targeted  chemotherapy. It is therefore suggested that chemotherapy should include all children in the communities along with continuous enlightenment to ensure the disruption of parasite transmission. Keywords: Intestinal helminths; school children; malnutrition; Ibadan; chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated risk factors of gastrointestinal helminth infection among primary schoolchildren in Dembi district, southwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awoke Guadie ◽  
Alemu Waji ◽  
Wenzong Liu ◽  
Aijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
School Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Gastrointestinal helminths (GIH) are widespread in developing countries including Ethiopia. The prevalence and distribution of GIH infection in Ethiopia varies from place to place due to different exposing risk factors. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and associated factors of GIH infection among primary school children in Dembi district, southwest Ethiopia, where data for helminths infections are previously unpublished. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 291 school children in Dembi district were included. Fresh stool samples were collected from each student and examined by direct wet mount using both normal saline and Lugol's iodine preparation and concentration techniques using salt and formol-ether solutions. Questioners and observation were also used to identify socio-demographic and associated risk factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. p-value <0.05 were considered significant.Results: Six parasite species of gastrointestinal helminth with an overall prevalence of 30.9% were identified. The predominant parasites were found soil transmitted helminth (STH) type including Ascaris lumbricoides (43.3%), hookworm (26.7%), Ttrichuris trichiura (8.9%) and Strongliodes stercoralis (3.3%). Teania species (6.7%) and Hymanolepis nana (3.3%) were also the gastrointestinal parasites detected from the stool samples. The highest prevalence of GIH infection has been observed in the age of 5 8 years children (36.7%) followed by 9 12 (33.3%) and ≥13 (30.0%) years. Sex, age, source of water supply and latrine usage has a significant association with GIH infection. Male (37.9%) students were two times more likely to have parasite infection (COR= 2.0, 95% CI= 1.17 3.22, p=0.011) than female (24%) students. Comparing age groups, 5 8 years were more likely to have higher parasite infection (COR=1.23, 95% CI=0.233 0.797, p=0.007) than older age groups ( 13 years). Those students used stream as a source of water supply and latrine sometimes were also 1.4 (p=001) and 2.7 (p=0.001) times more likely to have helminthic infection than students used pipe water and latrine, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that GIH infection are important public health problem among primary school children in Dembi district which needs an integrated health control program including periodic de-worming, improving sanitation and safe water provision.

scholarly journals Active screening of gastrointestinal helminth infection in migrant workers in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 4560-4568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya J Kaewpitoon ◽  
Wararat Sangwalee ◽  
Jirawoot Kujapun ◽  
Jun Norkaew ◽  
Jirayut Chuatanam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
Helminth Infections

Objective This study aimed to detect gastrointestinal helminth infection in migrant workers in Thailand. Methods A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in 403 migrant workers in the factories of Nakhon Ratchasima Province, northeastern Thailand during October 2016 to June 2017. Gastrointestinal helminth infections were detected by the formalin ether acetate concentration technique and microscopy. The data were analyzed using the χ2-test and logistic regression. Results The rate of gastrointestinal helminth infection was 24.07%. The most common species involved in infection was O pisthorchis viverrini (11.91%), followed by hookworm (5.46%), Trichuris trichiura (5.21%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.5%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.5%), and Taenia spp. (0.5%). The majority of infections were found in men aged ≥40 years, married participants, uneducated participants, laborers, those who worked for 1 year, and those who had an income of 9000 to 12,000 THB. Conclusions Gastrointestinal helminth infection is still found in migrant workers. Therefore, active surveillance is required in this large group for investigating and eradicating this type of infection.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Helminths Infection in Different Types of Poultry

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKMA Rabbi ◽  
A Islam ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
A Anisuzzaman ◽  
MH Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
Different Types

The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites and the gross pathological lesions produced by them in different types of poultry were studied from March 2005 to March 2006, in the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. In this study, 240 viscera of three types of poultry such as broiler, layer and backyard indigenous chickens were collected from local markets of Mymensingh district. During routine examination, total six species of helminth parasites were recorded, of which three species were nematodes such as Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum and Capillaria annulata; two species were cestodes such as Raillietina tetragona and Amoebotaenia sphenoides and only one species was belonged to trematode such as Catatropis verrucosa. Prevalence of different species of gastrointestinal helminths was highest in backyard poultry (100%) followed by layer (48.75%) and broiler (3.75%) which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Backyard poultry was significantly (p < 0.05) 168.21 and 4106.67 times more susceptible to helminth infection than layer and broiler respectively. But layer was 24.41 times more susceptible to helminth infection than broiler. In backyard poultry, all six species of helminth parasites were found. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) variation in the prevalence of the recovered parasites from backyard poultry were observed such as the prevalence of R. tetragona (100%) was the highest followed by that of A. galli (87.50%) and H. gallinarum (80%). From the odds ratio of the recovered parasites, it was observed that chance of developing R. tetragona (odds ratio 189.73) in backyard poultry was the highest followed by A. galli (odds ratio 7.51) and H. gallinarum (odds ratio 4.04). In case of layer, only A. galli and R. tetragona were recorded, of which, prevalence of A. galli was the highest (43.75%). In broiler, only A. galli (3.75%) was found. Gross pathological lesions were found only in backyard poultry. Pathological changes were detected in case of A. sphenoides and H. gallinarum infection. In A. sphenoides infection petechial hemorrhages were observed in the mucosa of the duodenum. On the other hand, tiny, white, circumscribed nodules of about 2-3 mm of diameter were found in the caecal mucosa in case of H. gallinarum infection. Results of the present study suggest that the backyard poultry is at the high risk of helminth infection. However, layers are also vulnerable to parasitic infection. So regular deworming is essential both in backyard poultry and layer birds to obtain better production from them. Key words: Gastrointestinal helminths, prevalence, pathology, broiler, layer, backyard poultry doi:10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1519 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 13-18

scholarly journals Occurrence of Strongyloides stercoralis in rural areas adjacent to Dhaka city

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
Laila Fahria ◽  
Aleya Begum ◽  
Mandira Mukutmoni
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Stool Samples

The present study was designed to investigate Strongyloides stercoralis infection in rural communities of Savar and Gazipur. A total of 160 stool samples were collected from the inhabitants of the study areas during December 2016 to November 2017. The samples were processed by direct smear, formol-ether concentration technique and Harada-Mori culture. The overall prevalence of S. stercoralis was 10.63%; 11% in Savar and 10% in Gazipur. The elderly people were more prone to S. stercoralis infection. No respondent belonging to age group of 11-20 years was found positive for infection. Poor educational status, inferior financial condition and inadequate hygiene practice were found as potential risk factors (P<0.05). Noticeable prevalence was observed among the respondents living in mud floored house (13.46%), irregular nail clippers (22.73%), bare footers (14.89%) and laborers (27.27%) in Savar. Prevalence was high among the respondents deprived of institutional education (17.86%) in Gazipur. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 313-320, 2020

scholarly journals Occurrence of gastrointestinal Helminths in captive rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
Taniza Tabasshum ◽  
Mandira Mukutmoni ◽  
Aleya Begum
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
National Zoo ◽  
Female Rhesus Macaques

A total of 66 (sixty-six) fresh fecal samples were collected during July 2017 to October 2018 from rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) residing in Bangladesh National Zoo, Dhaka. Samples were analyzed applying formol-ether concentration technique. All the rhesus macaques, irrespective of age and sex, were found to be infested with one or more species of gastrointestinal (GI) helminth parasites. Ascaris spp. was noticed in all the fecal samples. Overall intensity of helminths was higher in male (38.53) that in female (31.04) comprising the maximum (58.08) in adult male (p < 0.005). The highest intensity was of Ascaris spp. (3.33 ± 1.39) and found in adult male hosts. Young female rhesus macaques displayed the maximum intensity of Trichuris spp. (3.56 ± 0.73). Bangladesh J. Zool. 46(2): 231-237, 2018

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