scholarly journals Interventional Effect of Nanosilver Paint on Fungal Load of Indoor Air in a Hospital Ward

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nasrin Rostami ◽  
Hossein Alidadi ◽  
Hossein Zarrinfar ◽  
Damon Ketabi ◽  
Hamed Tabesh
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Hospital Ward ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Active Sampling ◽  
Fungal Load ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Control Rooms ◽  
Fungal Contaminants ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
And Control

Hospital ward environments contain various types of microorganisms, in which fungal agents are one of the main contaminants that may cause hospital-acquired infections. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nanosilver paint on reducing fungal contaminants of indoor air in an educational, research, and treatment center. Two rooms in the hematology ward were selected. One room was painted using usual paint (control room) and the other room was painted with paint containing nanosilver particles (experimental room). One hundred and twelve samples were collected using active (Anderson BioSampler) and passive (settle plate or open plate) air sampling techniques. The samples were incubated for 3–7 days at 35°C, and the positive fungal cultures were examined according to morphological and microscopic characteristics. Following active sampling, the mean and standard deviation of the number of colony-forming units (CFU/m3) of fungi colonies in the experimental and control rooms were 29.21 ± 17.99 and 22.50 ± 10.02 before intervention and 13.79 ± 6.20 and 31.07 ± 21.1 after intervention, respectively. Following passive sampling, the number of CFU/plate in the experimental and control rooms was 6 and 0 before and 1and 1 after intervention, respectively. The use of the nanosilver paint was effective in reducing air fungal contamination. Moreover, the active sampling method was more sensitive to measuring the concentration changes for fungal bioaerosols.

scholarly journals Protection and Response of a Tertiary Hospital in Shenzhen, China to the COVID-19 Outbreak—the Practice of the Comprehensive Response Mode

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Benling Hu ◽  
Le Yang ◽  
Chan Wei ◽  
Min Luo
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Process Reengineering ◽  
Equipment Management ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the management mode for the prevention and control of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) transmission utilized at a general hospital in Shenzhen, China, with the aim to maintain the normal operation of the hospital. Methods: From January 2, 2020 to April 23, 2020, Hong Kong–Shenzhen Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen, has operated a special response protocol named comprehensive pandemic prevention and control model, which mainly includes six aspects: 1) human resource management; 2) equipment management; 3) logistics management; 4) cleaning, disinfection and process reengineering; 5) environment layout; 6) and training and assessment. The detail of every aspect was described and its efficiency was evaluated. Results: A total of 198,802 patients were received. Of those, 10,821 were hospitalized; 26,767 were received by the emergency department and fever clinics; 288 patients were admitted for observation with fever; and 324 were admitted as suspected cases for isolation. Under the protocol of comprehensive pandemic prevention and control model, no case of hospital-acquired infection with COVID-19 occurred among the inpatients or staff. Conclusion: The present comprehensive response model may be useful in large public health emergencies to ensure appropriate management and protect the health and life of individuals.

scholarly journals 10 Years of Pulsed-Xenon Ultraviolet Disinfection

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s438-s438
Author(s):  
Mark Stibich ◽  
Sarah Simmons ◽  
Deborah Passey
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Outcome Studies ◽  
Uv Disinfection ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Environmental Effectiveness ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
And Control ◽  
Effectiveness Studies

Background: Ultraviolet light (UV) disinfection using low-pressure mercury lamps has been around since the 1940s. The advent of pulsed-xenon UV for hospital use in 2010 has provided a nontoxic and novel technology for hospital disinfection with the first data presented at the 2010 SHEA Decennial. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the current body of evidence for pulsed xenon UV disinfection. Methods: The literature search criteria included the following: research conducted in domestic and international settings using pulsed-xenon for surface disinfection, published between 2000 and 2019, and reporting on environmental effectiveness or hospital-acquired reductions (HAIs). We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The meta-analysis included 24 studies: 12 HAI outcome studies and 12 environmental effectiveness studies. Meta-analyses were conducted by calculating the percentage reductions for environmental effectiveness, and for the HAI outcome studies, we used a random-effects model to pool the relative risk of HAI. The outcome studies used 272 and 299 months of data for the experimental and control groups, respectively. Results: There was an overall benefit of using pulsed-xenon UV. The overall relative risk of infection decreased compared to the control arm (RR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.54–0.76). The percentage reductions in environmental studies were as follows: Clostridioides difficile (94.8%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (91.5%), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (99.2%), and aerobic bacteria (94.2%). Conclusions: Overall, pulsed-xenon UV was effective for reducing environmental contamination and had the ability to significantly reduce HAIs.Funding: Xenex, Inc., funded this study.Disclosures: Mark Stibich receives a salary from Xenex and is a shareholder of Xenex. Deborah Passey receives a salary from Xenex Disinfection Services.

scholarly journals Risk factors and biofilm formation analyses of hospital-acquired infection of Candida pelliculosa in a neonatal intensive care unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Zhang ◽  
Yu Cao ◽  
Yanjian Li ◽  
Xufang Chen ◽  
Chen Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Candida pelliculosa is an ecological fungal species that can cause infections in immunocompromised individuals. Numerous studies globally have shown that C. pelliculosa infects neonates. An outbreak recently occurred in our neonatal intensive care unit; therefore, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors in this hospital-acquired fungal infection. Methods We performed a case-control study, analysing the potential risk factors for neonatal infections of C. pelliculosa so that infection prevention and control could be implemented in our units. Isolated strains were tested for drug resistance and biofilm formation, important factors for fungal transmission that give rise to hospital-acquired infections. Results The use of three or more broad-spectrum antimicrobials or long hospital stays were associated with higher likelihoods of infection with C. pelliculosa. The fungus was not identified on the hands of healthcare workers or in the environment. All fungal isolates were susceptible to anti-fungal medications, and after anti-fungal treatment, all infected patients recovered. Strict infection prevention and control procedures efficiently suppressed infection transmission. Intact adhesin-encoding genes, shown by genome analysis, indicated possible routes for fungal transmission. Conclusions The use of three or more broad-spectrum antimicrobials or a lengthy hospital stay is theoretically associated with the risk of infection with C. pelliculosa. Strains that we isolated are susceptible to anti-fungal medications, and these were eliminated by treating all patients with an antifungal. Transmission is likely via adhesion to the cell surface and biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of serum MMP-2 and MMP-3, synovial fluid IL-8, MCP-1, and KC concentrations as biomarkers of stifle osteoarthritis associated with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242614
Author(s):  
Sarah Malek ◽  
Hsin-Yi Weng ◽  
Shannon A. Martinson ◽  
Mark C. Rochat ◽  
Romain Béraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Discriminative Performance ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Veterinary Pathologist ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to evaluate matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and MMP-3 in serum, and keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant 1 (MCP-1) in synovial fluid (SF) as stifle osteoarthritis (OA) biomarkers in dogs. Dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture (OA group) and healthy controls were recruited. Stifles with CrCL deficiency were surgically stabilized. Serum, SF, and synovial biopsy samples were collected from the OA group preoperatively, whereas samples were collected once from control dogs. A blinded veterinary pathologist graded synovial biopsies. Serum and SF analyses were performed using xMAP technology. General linear regression was used for statistical comparisons of serum biomarkers, and mixed linear regression for SF biomarkers and temporal concentration changes. The overall discriminative ability was quantified using area under curve (AUC). Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess correlations between synovial histology grades and the biomarkers. Samples from 62 dogs in the OA group and 50 controls were included. The MMP-2 and MMP-3 concentrations between the OA and control groups were not significantly different, and both with an AUC indicating a poor discriminative ability. All three SF biomarker concentrations were significantly different between the OA group and controls (P <0.05). The MCP-1 was the only biomarker showing an acceptable discriminative performance with an AUC of 0.91 (95% confidence interval: 0.83–0.98). The sum of the inflammatory infiltrate score was significantly correlated with all three SF biomarkers (P <0.01). Summed synovial stroma, and all scores combined were significantly correlated with IL-8 and MCP-1 concentrations (P <0.003), and the summed synoviocyte scores were significantly correlated with MCP-1 concentrations (P <0.001). Correlations between MCP-1 concentrations and synovial histopathologic grading and its discriminative ability suggest its potential as a synovitis biomarker in canine stifle OA associated with CrCL rupture.

scholarly journals Editorial

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Collective Editorial Committee
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
And Control

Eurosurveillance this month presents European liaisons for the surveillance and control of communicable diseases at different stages of development. HELICS - the scheme for standardising the data collected about hospital acquired infections - has come and

scholarly journals Problems of monitoring indoor air pollution and control in slums of Rajpur-Sonarpur Municipality, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal-An appraisal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1012-1019
Author(s):  
Tapasi Das
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
And Control

Abstract: The slum dwellers suffer from a lot of problems in day to day life in terms of socio-cultural and economic environment. They can not avail proper education due to poor economic condition and uncertainty in livelihood and thus have to choose different indoor economic activities. As per 2011 census, the total population of Rajpur-Sonarpur Municipality is 424,368 with population density of 1574/Km2.The slum dwellers live overcrowding in lightless suffocating and unhygienic places and many of them suffer from poor indoor air quality (IAQ). As a result they have to face different health hazards like respiratory illness, lung disease, skin disease, eye dryness etc. In this paper, an enquiry has been conducted to highlight the present condition of indoor air pollution of the slum area of Rajpur-Sonarpur Municipality and also focus on the problems of monitoring indoor air pollution and its control. Keywords: health hazards, IAQ, suffocating and unhygienic places

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