scholarly journals Effects of Heavy Metals on Agronomic Attributes of Some Selected Cereal Crops (Zea mays and Sorghum bicolor)

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
G. I. Ameh ◽  
H. O. Nwamba ◽  
C. D. Nwani ◽  
E. C. Ofordile
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
State University ◽  
Enugu State

Aims: To investigate the effect of Heavy metals on the growth of Zea mays (Z. mays) and Sorghum bicolour (S. bicolour). Study Design: Laboratory-experimental design was used in this study. Place of Study: The heavy metal polluted soil samples were collected from Crush Rock Industries Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria, while control soil samples were obtained from the Zoological Garden of the Department of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology. Methodology: The seeds of the two plants were collected from the Enugu State Ministry of Agriculture. The experimental setup consisted of 16 contaminated potted soils, 8 each for Z. mays and S. bicolor. Another 8 potted soils not contaminated with heavy metals served as control. Fourteen days after germination, the following growth parameters were measured (in cm); plant heights, number of leaves, stem girth, and leaf area. Results: The polluted soil sample was slightly acidic; (pH was 6.34±0.29). It had a higher cation exchange capacity (21.80±0.33), Cd (25.18±0.34), Cr (10.20±0.21), Cu (28.54±0.49), Pb (9.92±0.36), but lesser soil organic carbon (0.87±0.10). Plant samples cultivated in contaminated soil showed the least favourable vegetative growth. Conclusion: Comparing the results obtained from the control sample, it was deduced that these heavy metals have adverse effect on the vegetative growth of Z. mays and S. bicolor.

scholarly journals Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil of Lagos State University, Epe, Lagos State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
L. Salami ◽  
J. G. Akinbomi ◽  
R. J. Patinvoh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
State University ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Lagos State

Soil contaminated with heavy metals poses an ecological risk especially to public health. The aim of this work is to assess the ecological risk of heavy metals in soil of Lagos State University (LASU), Epe, Lagos State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from 8 different points in LASU which were stored in various polythene bags labeled SS1 – SS8. A control sample was taken 1 km away from LASU and was labeled SC9. All the sampling locations were identified using handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) for the purpose of universal identification. The soil samples were analysed for nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and Iron (Fe) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Enrichment factor (EF), potential ecological risk (Ei) and ecological risk index (RI) were carried out using the data from the analysis. The results revealed that all the EF values were less than 2 except that of lead in SS1. The Ei values were less than 40 except that of lead in SS1. Moreover RI values of all the soil samples investigated were less than 150. It was obvious from this work that the soil of LASU, Epe, Lagos State, were not enriched with heavy metals and have a low potential ecological risk.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Using Some Selected Leguminous Crops

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
G. I. Ameh ◽  
H. O. Nwamba ◽  
V. S. Njom ◽  
E. C. Ofordile
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Cd Translocation

The phytoremediation of heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, copper and lead) using Phaseolus vulgaris and Arachis hypogaea were investigated using standard techniques. Heavy metal polluted soil samples were collected from Crush Rock Industries Ishiagu, Ebonyi State and heavy metal free soil samples (used as control) were obtained from Ebonyi State Ministry of Agriculture, Ishiagu Station. The seeds of the two plants were collected from the Enugu State Ministry of Agriculture. The experimental setup consists of 4 contaminated potted soils each of P. vulgaris and A. hypogaea. Another 4 potted soils not contaminated with heavy metals served as control. Soil analysis was carried out prior to planting. The polluted soil sample had slightly acidic pH (pH was 6.34±0.29), higher Cation Exchange Capacity (21.80±0.33), higher Cd (25.18±0.34), Cr (10.20±0.21), Cu (28.54±0.49) and Pb (9.92±0.36) levels but lesser soil organic carbon (0.87±0.10). After the duration of 62 days the plants were harvested, their leaves and roots were digested and subjected to further experimental tests [determination of Metal concentration, transfer factor and bioaccumulation factor (BAF)]. A. hypogaea showed highest Cd translocation factor 1.63±0.08, TF<1 was observed in all the plants examined for Cr. A. hypogaea showed the highest BAF for Cd, (1.16±0.08). BAF<1 was observed for Cr and Cu in the two plants examined. The BAF of A. hypogaea was higher than that of P. vulgaris. Plants from the control showed zero to very minute concentration of heavy metals in their tissues. Although the study plants are food crops, they can also play a role in the phytoremediation of some heavy metals.

scholarly journals CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE SOIL AND PLANTS AROUND WASTE DUMPSITES IN ENUGU METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
M. N. Okeke ◽  
Paul Chukwuka Eze ◽  
C. N. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Dump Site

<strong>Aims:</strong> The purpose of this project is to find the concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Cr, Ni, Cd, Fe and Mn) in the top soil and the plant around the waste dumpsite from Enugu municipal solid waste disposal sites. <strong>Methodology and results: </strong>This was done through collection of soil samples from four designated public municipal solid waste dump sites (Ngwo Umueze, Presidential, New-market and Emene) in Enugu metropolis. The soil samples were collected at 10 metres intervals away from the centre location point of each dump site at constant depth (0 - 15 cm were mixed together and sample picked from it). The samples collection design are as follows: centre (0m) of the dump sites, 10 metres, 20 metres, 30 metres and the control sample which measured 65 metres away from the centre of dumpsites at the same depth. Plant samples were taken just at the centre (0m) and control measures which is at 65 meters distance away from each dump sites. The Goat grasses harvested were taken to the lab to check and analyse its heavy metals intake from the soil. These samples were analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA320N) model. On the average, high concentrations of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Pb were found in the soil samples collected at the centre of the dump sites as 141.70, 121.5, 75.53, 70.33 and 64.53mg/kg respectively. The lower concentrations were obtained in the soil samples taken at the control site which 65 metres distance away from the centre of the four dump sites as 12.00, 81.55, 8.70, 9.56 and 6.51mg/kg for Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Pb respectively. In the plant sample, concentration of Fe (98.00 mg/kg) was found to be the highest in the root at New market dumpsites, while Nil concentration of as (Nil mg/kg) was the least value at Emene from the control distance. <strong>Conclusion, significance and impact study:</strong> SPSS statistical package was used to find out the significant differences between the treatments mean (heavy metals). The result shows that the heavy metals analyses were within the acceptable or permissible limit by WHO/FAO.

scholarly journals Heavy metal assessment of polluted soil around Hatirjheel Lake of Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hashem ◽  
MS Nur-A-Tomal ◽  
MJ Abedin ◽  
SA Bushra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Heavy Metals Accumulation ◽  
Soil Arsenic ◽  
Metals Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Assessment

Heavy metals contamination in soil is a big issue to the environment because of its potential risk to the ecosystem and human health. Industrialization increases the disposal of industrial wastes containing heavy metals. Most industries are located near the bank of rivers or Lakes where industries can dump their effluents without proper treatment. In this study, an investigation was carried out to evaluate the heavy metals of the contaminated soil near HatirjheelLake of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. The collected soil samples were air-dried, acid digested and aliquots were analyzed by the atomic absorption spectroscopy for the quantification of heavy metals. The ranges of heavy metals were found in soil: arsenic 2.7–33.3 mg/kg, lead 9.5–74.9 mg/kg, chromium 21.8–43.1 mg/kg, manganese 138.3–222.7 mg/kg and iron 159032.9–246382.8 mg/kg, respectively. Cadmium was below the detection limit. The dominance of heavy metals series in the soil follows: Fe >Mn> Cr >Pb> As > Cd. Heavy metals content in the soil by comparison with the USEPA guidelines show that Pb was non-polluted; Cr and Mn were moderately polluted; As and Fe were heavily polluted in the study area. Heavy metals accumulation in the soil could pose a potential risk to the ecosystem as well as to human health.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(1), 61-66, 2017

An“ex situ”microbial process for the removal of heavy metals from polluted soil: A case study of Ada rice field, Adani, Enugu State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles O. Nwuche ◽  
Oguejiofo T. Ujam ◽  
Janefrances N. Ihedioha ◽  
Charles C. Chime
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Microbial Process ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Enugu State

scholarly journals Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metals Content of Soil Samples from Farms in Minna

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 154-163
Author(s):  
Z. Abdulhamid ◽  
E.B. Agbaji ◽  
C.E. Gimba ◽  
A.S. Agbaji
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physico-chemical properties and heavy metals content of soils were determined from seven farms in Minna, central Nigeria. Conventional analytical methods were employed to determine the physico-chemical properties and the heavy metals were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry. The result showed that pH values ranged from 6.64 - 7.70 indicating slight acidity to slight alkalinity of the soils. The total organic carbon values ranged from 0.95-2.25 % resulting in the presence of organic matter (1.63-3.87). The electrical conductivity values ranged from 17-37 μS/cm. The cation exchange capacity of the soil samples ranged from 3.68-5.15 cmol/kg. The heavy metals levels were in the following range: Cd (0.00018-0.00134 mg/g), Cu (0.0069-0.0476 mg/g), Fe (1.942-2.2059 mg/g), Mn (0.1825-0.3696 mg/g), Ni (0.0065-0.0069 mg/g) and Zn (0.0157-0.2252 mg/g). The concentration of the metals in the soil samples varied according to the following trend: Fe>Mn>Zn> Cu>Ni>Cd. The average concentration of all the metals in each farm also gave the trend Farm B>Farm G>Farm E>Farm C>Farm F>Farm D>Farm A. The findings indicate the presence of heavy metals in all the farms but only Fe was above the FAO/WHO standards.

scholarly journals Effect of Municipal Solid Waste on the Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
P.O. Simeon ◽  
B. Ambah
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Soil P ◽  
And Control

A pot experiment was conducted in the green house to determine the effect of municipal solid waste on the growth of maize (Zea mays). Growth parameters of percentage emergence, plant height, leaf area and number of levers per plant were collect and subjected into statistical analysis, using ANOVA and fisher’s L.S.D. at 5% probability level. Plant growth parameters decreased with increase in cropping cycle. Similarly, maize grown on dumpsite soils did better than the control soil samples. It show increase in plant height, leaf area and number of leaves per plant at a range of 16.82 cm to 12.87 cm, 5 to 4 and 64.69 cm to 59.88 cm for the dumpsite and control samples respectively. Soil PH, organic matter (OM), total Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na) and Effective Cat-ion Exchange Capacity (ECEC) decreased with increase in cropping cycle respectively. The Dumpsite soil sample recorded higher mean values than the control (P < 0.05). There is every indication that municipal solid waste is beneficial to plant if only proper and careful sorting and separation of hazardous waste is done.

scholarly journals MYCOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS PRESENT IN CONTAMINATED AGRICULTURAL SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Shalini Besra ◽  
Prashant Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mushroom Cultivation ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Barren Land

In this study, Mycoremediation technique was used to analyse the potential of mushroom in absorbing heavy metals from contaminated soil. A small village Sitagarha located in Hazaribag, Jharkhand was selected as sampling site. Soil sample was collected from two different sites – from field where cow manure was used as fertilizer and the other soil sample where chemical fertilizer was mixed. A control sample was also collected from nearby barren land where no cultivation was carried out since decades. After initial screening, three heavy metals Cu, Cd and Zn were selected to carry out further studies. The soil sample was processed in laboratory and analysed in AAS to detect the concentration of heavy metals. Results showed the presence of heavy metals as – Cd > Cu > Zn. Further these soil samples were mixed along with straw and spawn to prepare a mushroom cultivation bag as mushroom has the property to absorb heavy metals. The result of absorbance of heavy metals by mushroom was somewhere an indication that mycoremediation proofs to be an important tool to fight against heavy metals.

scholarly journals EXTRACTION OF HEAVY METALS IN A SEWAGE SLUDGE-TREATED LATOSOL

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Ana Tereza Jordao Pigozzo ◽  
Jorge De Lucas Jr ◽  
Ervim Lenzi ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Antonio Carlos Saraiva da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Ph Variation ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Different Doses

The presence of heavy metals is one of the main hazards against the use of sewage sludge in agronomy. In a field experiment applications of sewage sludge in medium-textured Dark Red Latisol (DRL) were evaluated by the extraction of essential or non-essential metals with a DTPA extractor. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks subdivided into sections of 6 treatments of sewage sludge (0, 6, 20, 40, 60 and 80 t ha-1) during the first year and (0, 6, 20, 40, 60 and 80 t ha-1) during the second year. The experiment had 4 replications and 5 soil collection periods (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days of sludge incorporation). Sewage sludge was applied at a mean depth of 0-20 cm. Soil sampling was undertaken during the periods of sludge incorporation so that the elements available in the soil in different doses could be evaluated Soil samples were analyzed as to fertility level. Concentrations of the metals Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Co, Pb, and Cr were determined by atomic absorption in DTPA extractor solution. Concentrations of Cd, Ni, Co, Pb, and Cr were not detected since values were lower than the detection limit of each. Application of sewage sludge increased Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and there was an initial pH variation, albeit the latter returned concentration to its original level. Owing to the repetition of applied sludge, Cu and Zn rates in soil samples gradually increased during the two agricultural years caused by an increase in the doses of applied sewage sludge.

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