scholarly journals Some Geometry of Affine Immersion of General Co-dimension

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Silas Longwap ◽  
Homti E. Nahum ◽  
Gukat G. Bitrus
Keyword(s):  
Careful Study ◽  
Affine Immersion ◽  
Dimension One ◽  
Fundamental Equations ◽  
Cubic Forms

After a careful study of some works of servaral authors on affine immersion of co-dimension one [1], co-dimension two [2], co-dimension three [3] and co-dimension four [4], we extend some of thier fundamental equations to affine immersion of genaral co-dimension p. Furthermore, we extend some theorem of Frank Dillen at el in [5] to affine immersion of general co-dimension and obtain the divisibility of the cubic forms by the second fundamental forms.

scholarly journals Symmetries and unitary interactions of mass dimension one fermionic dark matter

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (35) ◽  
pp. 1650187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Point Interaction ◽  
Optical Theorem ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Point Interactions ◽  
Mass Dimension ◽  
Higher Spin ◽  
Klein Gordon ◽  
Dimension One

The fermionic fields constructed from Elko have several unexpected properties. They satisfy the Klein–Gordon but not the Dirac equation and are of mass dimension one instead of three-half. Starting with the Klein–Gordon Lagrangian, we initiate a careful study of the symmetries and interactions of these fermions and their higher-spin generalizations. We find, although the fermions are of mass dimension one, the four-point fermionic self-interaction violates unitarity at high-energy so it cannot be a fundamental interaction of the theory. Using the optical theorem, we derive an explicit bound on energy for the fermion–scalar interaction. It follows that for the spin-half fermions, the demand of renormalizability and unitarity forbids four-point interactions and only allows for the Yukawa interaction. For fermions with spin [Formula: see text], they have no renormalizable or unitary interactions. Since the theory is described by a Klein–Gordon Lagrangian, the interaction generated by the local [Formula: see text] gauge symmetry which contains a four-point interaction, is excluded by the demand of renormalizability. In the context of the Standard Model, these properties make the spin-half fermions natural dark matter candidates. Finally, we discuss the recent developments on the introduction of new adjoint and spinor duals which may allow us to circumvent the unitarity constraints on the interactions.

Linguistic Competence in Aphasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Leonard L. LaPointe
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Feral Children ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Linguistic Rules ◽  
Communication Goals ◽  
Aphasia Treatment ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Loss of implicit linguistic competence assumes a loss of linguistic rules, necessary linguistic computations, or representations. In aphasia, the inherent neurological damage is frequently assumed by some to be a loss of implicit linguistic competence that has damaged or wiped out neural centers or pathways that are necessary for maintenance of the language rules and representations needed to communicate. Not everyone agrees with this view of language use in aphasia. The measurement of implicit language competence, although apparently necessary and satisfying for theoretic linguistics, is complexly interwoven with performance factors. Transience, stimulability, and variability in aphasia language use provide evidence for an access deficit model that supports performance loss. Advances in understanding linguistic competence and performance may be informed by careful study of bilingual language acquisition and loss, the language of savants, the language of feral children, and advances in neuroimaging. Social models of aphasia treatment, coupled with an access deficit view of aphasia, can salve our restless minds and allow pursuit of maximum interactive communication goals even without a comfortable explanation of implicit linguistic competence in aphasia.

Sentimental Conviction: Rousseau’s Apologia and the Impartial Spectator

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Schoene
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Moral Sentiments ◽  
Impartial Spectator ◽  
Direct Discourse ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
Theory Of Moral Sentiments

Where Adam Smith’s The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) extends the domain of spectatorship beyond the ocular realm and claims that we must become the impartial spectators of our own character and conduct, Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Rousseau juge de Jean-Jacques, Dialogues (1776) also attempts to probe beyond the visual surface to examine through careful study the constitution of another, who is actually himself. This chapter traces a Smithian sentiment in the radical division of the self dramatized in Rousseau’s fictional autobiographical Dialogues, emphasizing Rousseau’s attempt to liberate his own gaze and render an unbiased judgment upon himself. Although Rousseau does not write in direct discourse with Smith, he applies a strikingly similar rhetorical device to the spectator within the dialogic structure of his apologia. Reading Rousseau alongside Smith resituates the Dialogues not as a work of madness, as it has frequently been interpreted, but rather as an unrelenting struggle for justice.

The (Im)purity Levels of Communal Meals within the Qumran Movement

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-122
Author(s):  
Cecilia Wassén
Keyword(s):  
Careful Study ◽  
Ordinary Type ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Temple

Scholars usually take for granted that the sectarian members of the Qumran movement ate their common meals in full purity at a level that is often compared to that of the priests serving in the temple. This assumption rests on the interpretation of hatohorah, “the purity,” as pertaining to common meals. But a careful study of a range of texts, including the important Tohorot A, leads to a more nuanced picture. Accordingly, it is important to distinguish between the common, everyday meals of the movement and the special meals. Whereas a mild level of impurity of the participants was accepted at the ordinary type of communal meals, special meals required purity. Even at these pure meals, there were variations concerning the required level of purity depending on the occasion.

Ghana: the State of Agriculture and Prospects for Food Security in the Context of Achieving SDGs

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
Tatyana Denisova
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government

For the first time in Russian African studies, the author examines the current state of agriculture, challenges and prospects for food security in Ghana, which belongs to the group of African countries that have made the most progress in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs are a collection of 17 global goals adopted by UN member states in 2015 with a view of achieving them by 2030. The SDGs include: ending poverty in all its forms everywhere (Goal 1); ending hunger, achieving food security and improved nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture (2); ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages (3), etc. These goals are considered fundamental because the achievement of a number of other SDGs – for example, ensuring quality education (4), achieving gender equality (5), ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns (12), etc. – largely depends on their implementation. Ghana was commended by the world community for the significant reduction in poverty, hunger and malnutrition between 2000 and 2014, i.e. for the relatively successful implementation of the first of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs, 2000–2015) – the eradication of extreme poverty and hunger. However, SDGs require more careful study and planning of implementation measures. In order to achieve the SDGs, the Government of Ghana has adopted a number of programs, plans and projects, the successful implementation of which often stumbles upon the lack of funding and lack of coordination between state bodies, private and public organizations, foreign partners – donors and creditors, etc., which are involved in the processes of socioeconomic development of Ghana. The author determines the reasons for the lack of food security in Ghana, gives an assessment of the state of the agricultural sector, the effective development of which is a prerequisite for the reduction of poverty and hunger, primarily due to the engagement of a significant share (45%) of the economically active population in this sector. The study shows that the limited growth in food production is largely due to the absence of domestic markets and necessary roads, means of transportation, irrigation and storage infrastructure, as well as insufficient investment in the agricultural sector, rather than to a shortage of fertile land or labor.

The Equality of Women: The Bahá’í Principle of Complementarity

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
John S. Hatcher
Keyword(s):  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Complementary Relationship ◽  
Baha'i Faith ◽  
Religious Convictions ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Principle Of Complementarity

The Bahá’í teachings simultaneously assert the equality of men and women while advocating in some cases distinct duties according to gender. Since the Bahá’í Faith also teaches that religious convictions should be examined by the “standards of science,” this ostensible paradox invites careful study. At the heart of the response to this query is the Universal House of Justice statement that “equality between men and women does not, indeed physiologically it cannot, mean identity of functions.” To appreciate and to accept this thesis that there can be gender distinction, even insofar as the assignment of fundamental tasks is concerned, without any attendant diminution in the role of women, we must turn to statements in the Bahá’í writings about the complementary relationship between men and women. Through a careful consideration of this principle, we can discover how there can indeed be gender distinction without inequality in status or function.

Endemic wheats of China as resources for breeding

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
Hao Fu ◽  
N. P. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
The People ◽  
Spring Variety ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
Historical Heritage

Aim. To present the wheat endemics of China as source material for breeding and historical heritage. Results and Discussion. Wheat in China is the second most widely distributed cereal crop after rice. It is cultivated in China from the extreme northern border to the southern one, at altitudes from 154 m below sea level to 4450 m above sea level. The Chinian wheat is originated from South-West and West Asia and has a history of more than 2.8 thousand years. Since ancient times, the wheat species have been grown in China: bread (Triticum aestivum L.), compactum (T. compactum Host), polonicum (T. polonicum L.), turgidum (T. turgidum L.), durum (T. durum Desf.), turanian (T. turanicum Jakubz.). The Chinese ancient bread wheats are of interest for breeders because presence among them of early ripening, multi-flowering with the grain number in a spikelet up to 7-8 and in the ear up to 90-100, drought and winter hardy, resistant to powdery mildew and leaf rust; forms with good crossability with rye and Aegilops species. Among the endemic Chinese wheat, an important place belongs to the Chinese Spring variety which played an outstanding role in wheat genetics; super dwarfs Tom Pouce and Tibetan Dwarf; three-grain wheat, in which 3 grains are formed in one flower; Charklyk ancient wheat – a boneless form of polonicum wheat; dwarf blue wheat turgidum – with a strong waxy coating; Taigu-Male-Sterile Wheat – with gene male sterility; a wheats having species and subspecies status: wheat of Petropavlovskyi – Triticum petropavlovskyi Udacz. et Migusch.; Tibetan wheat – T. spelta L. ssp. tibetanum (Shao) N.P. Gontsch comb. nov .; Yunnan wheat – T. spelta L. ssp. yunnanse (King ex S.L. Chen) N.P. Gontsch comb. nov. The origin and genetic characteristics of China's endemic wheats are discussed. Conclusions. China's wheat endemics need careful study and conservation as a reserve of valuable genes and their complexes for breeding, and as an embodiment of the history, culture, talent and work of the people who created them, and an integral part of human cultural heritage.

Computational simulation applied to improve fuel bioethanol distillation

2013 ◽  
pp. 645-650
Author(s):  
Fabio R.M. Batista ◽  
Antonio J.A. Meirelles
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Steam Consumption ◽  
Wine Composition ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Central Composite

Experimental validation of the process simulation a typical industrial bioethanol unit was conducted, comparing the obtained results with the information collected in an industrial plant. A standard solution containing water, ethanol and 17 congeners was chosen to represent the fermented must, whose composition was selected according to analyses of samples of industrial wines. A careful study of the vapour-liquid equilibrium of the wine components was performed. An attempt to optimise the industrial plant was conducted considering two optimising approaches: the central composite design (CCD) and the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). The process was investigated in terms of bioethanol alcoholic graduation, ethanol recovery, energy consumption and ethanol loss. The results showed that the simulation approach was capable of correctly reproducing a real plant of bioethanol distillation and that the optimal conditions are slightly different from those used at the industrial plant investigated. Substantial fluctuations in wine composition were easily controlled for the two loop controls preventing an off-specification product. The optimised conditions indicate a distillation process able to produce bioethanol according to the legislation requirements and with appropriate steam consumption and loss of ethanol. However, for the production of alcohols with superior qualities, substantial changes in the production system may be required.

On submersions of the complex indicatrix

Filomat ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (16) ◽  
pp. 5081-5092
Author(s):  
Elena Popovicia
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Complex Projective Space ◽  
Finsler Space ◽  
Hermitian Manifold ◽  
Almost Hermitian Manifold ◽  
Codimension One ◽  
Real Submanifold ◽  
Fundamental Equations ◽  
Complex Projective ◽  
Extrinsic Sphere

In this paper we study the complex indicatrix associated to a complex Finsler space as an embedded CR - hypersurface of the holomorphic tangent bundle, considered in a fixed point. Following the study of CR - submanifolds of a K?hler manifold, there are investigated some properties of the complex indicatrix as a real submanifold of codimension one, using the submanifold formulae and the fundamental equations. As a result, the complex indicatrix is an extrinsic sphere of the holomorphic tangent space in each fibre of a complex Finsler bundle. Also, submersions from the complex indicatrix onto an almost Hermitian manifold and some properties that can occur on them are studied. As application, an explicit submersion onto the complex projective space is provided.

Teaching and Researching American Literature and American Realism in China

2019 ◽  
pp. 647-663
Author(s):  
Yuping Wang
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Political Incentives ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking

The study and teaching of American literature and American realism in China mirrored the social development and cultural transformation in China and was often fueled by political incentives. This chapter examines the cultural and political forces affecting the reception of American literature in different stages of Chinese history and investigates the teaching of American literature and of American realism in Chinese university classrooms. Different from the teaching of American literature in English-speaking countries, the American literature course in China serves a twofold purpose: to provide cultural nutrient for the cultivation of a broader mind by highlighting the cultural norms and rubrics in literature and to promote students’ language proficiency by a careful study of the text and formal elements of literary works. The history of the Chinese reception of American literature thus reflects the resilience and openness of Chinese culture in its negotiation with foreign cultures.

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