scholarly journals Factors Related to Deaths of under 5 Years Old Children in Dar Alsalam Area-Khartoum-Sudan

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Asma Abdelaal Abdalla ◽  
Christina Nagi Milad ◽  
Siham Ahmed Balla ◽  
Haieder Abuahmed Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Ali Awad Elkarim
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Under Five ◽  
One Year ◽  
Breast Fed

Aims: This study is done to identify factors affecting under five mortality in Dar Alsalam area, Khartoum. Study Design: This is a community based cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in block 25 in Dar Alsalam area in Khartoum State during March- April 2012. Methodology: A total of 240 women in reproductive age who had an experience of child death were interviewed. The data was collected by semi-final medical students using structured questionnaire.  Two stage cluster sampling was used to select the households. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with under-five mortality. Results: Age of 156 (65%) of the deceased children was less than one year, while the age of 84 (35%) was between one and five years. The age of (25%) of the mother at the time of their child birth was below 18 years.  The majority of the mothers (70.8%) were illiterate, 74.2% were working and 80% were married.  Of the children 51.7 were males and for 74.2% of them the birth interval was less than 2 years.  Only 16.7% were breast fed for more than two years while the rest (83.3%) were breast fed up to 2years. Only 34.2% of the deceased children had completed their vaccination, and 68.3% had been admitted to hospital more than once before death. Half of the families have piped water in their houses, in 75.8% of the houses there are pit latrines and in 68.3% there is electricity supply. Logistic regression analysis identified incomplete vaccination, not employed mothers and having no latrines in the house as the factors related to the death of children between 1-5 years than those below one year. Conclusion: Under-five mortality in low socioeconomic areas is associated with Low family income, mother’s illiteracy, early marriage and absence of latrines in the houses.

Social and Environmental Influences on Child Mortality in Brazil: Logistic Regression Analysis of Data from Census Files

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar G. Victora ◽  
Peter G. Smith ◽  
J. Patrick Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
The Family

SummaryCensus data were used to investigate the influences of socioeconomic and environmental variables on child mortality rates in southern Brazil. By multivariate logistic regression analysis the effects of correlated factors were distinguished, after adjustment for maternal age and parity. Low family income and, to a lesser degree, low employment status of the head of the family were associated with high child mortality levels. Place of residence, education of the mother and of the head of the family, availability of piped water in the home, access to a toilet and type of housing were all associated with childhood mortality variation, even after allowing for the effects of income and employment. The contributions of the source of the water supply and type of sanitation facilities, however, were less clear and tended to become unimportant after controlling for the socioeconomic variables. There was also no apparent advantage in being covered by government health insurance.

The rate and predictors of patient satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty are influenced by the focus of the question

2018 ◽  
Vol 100-B (6) ◽  
pp. 740-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Clement ◽  
M. Bardgett ◽  
D. Weir ◽  
J. Holland ◽  
C. Gerrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
One Year

AimsThe primary aim of this study was to assess the rate of patient satisfaction one year after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) according to the focus of the question asked. The secondary aims were to identify independent predictors of patient satisfaction according to the focus of the question.Patients and MethodsA retrospective cohort of 2521 patients undergoing a primary unilateral TKA were identified from an established regional arthroplasty database. Patient demographics, comorbidities, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) scores were collected preoperatively and one year postoperatively. Patient satisfaction was assessed using four questions, which focused on overall outcome, activity, work, and pain. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent preoperative predictors of increased stiffness when adjusting for confounding variables.ResultsUsing patient satisfaction with the overall outcome (n = 2265, 89.8%) as the standard, there was no difference in the rate of satisfaction for pain relief (n = 2277, odds ratio (OR) 0.95, 95% confident intervals (CI) 0.79 to 1.14, p = 0.60), but patients were more likely to be dissatisfied with activities (79.3%, n = 2000/2521, OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.96 to 2.70, p < 0.001) and work (85.8%, n = 2163/2521, OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.75, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified different predictors of satisfaction for each of the focused satisfaction questions. Overall satisfaction was influenced by diabetes (p = 0.03), depression (p = 0.004), back pain (p < 0.001), and SF-12 physical (p = 0.008) and mental (p = 0.01) components. Satisfaction with activities was influenced by depression (p = 0.001), back pain (p < 0.001), WOMAC stiffness score (p = 0.03), and SF-12 physical (p < 0.001) and mental (p < 0.001) components. Satisfaction with work was influenced by depression (p = 0.007), back pain (p < 0.001), WOMAC function (p = 0.04) and stiffness (p = 0.05) scores, and SF-12 physical (p < 0.001) and mental (p < 0.001) components. Satisfaction with pain relief was influenced by diabetes (p < 0.001), back pain (p < 0.001), and SF-12 mental component (p = 0.04).ConclusionThe focus of the satisfaction question significantly influences the rate and the predictors of patient satisfaction after TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:740–8.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Environmental and Cultural Factors Affecting Under-Five Mortality in Kebbi State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-92
Author(s):  
Azaki J.B. ◽  
Mundi R. ◽  
Dakyes S.P.
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
P Value ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Under Five

Over the years, Nigeria at all levels of government has formulated and implemented health policies and programmes to reduce under-five mortality; and despite that, it is still among Sub-Saharan Africa countries with high under-five mortality rate. This study aimed at evaluating environmental and cultural factors affecting under-five mortality in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to sample respondents. Structured questionnaires were administered to 625 women aged 15-49 years and 603 were retrieved, giving the response rate of 96.5%. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were employed to analyse the characteristics of the respondents and distribution of under-five mortality experienced by women based on the environmental and cultural factors. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the environmental and cultural factors affecting under-five mortality in the study area. The results of the Logistic regression analysis revealed that at P-value <0.05, source of water, frequency of washing water container, water treatment, method of disposing waste water, type of toilet, shared toilet, frequency of washing toilet, method of disposing child’s stool, type of cooling appliance, number of persons per room, use of mosquito net, refuse disposal method and type of cooking fuel were found to be the environmental factors significantly affecting under-five mortality; while ethnicity, religion, practice of food taboo, belief in traditional medicine, belief about disease causation, mother’s autonomy on child’s health and family’s decision on child’s health were found to be the cultural factors significantly affecting under-five mortality in the study area. The study therefore concluded that environmental and cultural factors affect under-five mortality in Kebbi state. To reduce under-five mortality rate, it was recommended that government at all levels should step up efforts in providing adequate infrastructure for public use. Government and cultural organizations should mount advocacy programmes aimed at improving women’s participation in child’s health decision-making in the family.

scholarly journals Determinants of preeclampsia and eclampsia among women delivering in county hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Gorbee G. Logan ◽  
Peter K. Njoroge ◽  
Lambert O. Nyabola ◽  
Marshal M. Mweu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
History Of

Background: Preeclampsia is defined as the onset of a new episode of high blood pressure in a woman usually after 20 weeks gestation plus proteinuria, whereas eclampsia is defined as generalized seizures in a pregnant woman who generally has preeclampsia criteria. Preeclampsia and eclampsia are hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and thus, among the top causes of maternal death worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate risk factors for preeclampsia/eclampsia. Methods: This was a hospital-based unmatched case-control study carried out among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) who have given birth at Nairobi County Hospitals and admitted to the postnatal ward July-September 2019 with a sample size of 352 participants (88 cases and 264 controls). All cases were selected, while controls were simple random sampled, as per eligibility criteria. Information or data were gathered using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and data abstraction tool. Descriptive analysis was carried out, where, categorical variables were presented in percentages or proportions, whereas; continuous variables were presented in means, standard deviations, and range. This was followed by a bivariable mixed-effect logistic regression analysis and a multivariable mixed-effect logistic regression analysis using the significant variables from bivariable analysis. Results: Of all the 88 cases enrolled in the study 5 (5.68%) had eclampsia and 83 (94.32%) had preeclampsia. There was a significant association between personal history of hypertension (AOR=7.1; 95% CI: 2.6-19.3, p=0.001), Occupation as a housewife (AOR=3.1; 95% CI: 1.1-8.8, p=0.034), nulliparity (AOR=7.5; 95% CI: 1.5-37.5, p=0.015) ,  primiparity (AOR=2.1; 95% CI: 1.1-4.2, p=0.031), advanced maternal age 35-49 years (AOR=5.9; 95% CI: 1.1-33.3, p=0.042), and the occurrence of preeclampsia/eclampsia. Conclusions: The following conclusions were made regarding the study findings: Personal history of hypertension, older/advanced maternal age (35-49 years), occupation, and parity were factors significantly associated with preeclampsia/eclampsia.

scholarly journals Hand washing practice at critical times and its associated factors among mothers of under five children in Debark town, northwest Ethiopia, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henok Dagne ◽  
Laekemariam Bogale ◽  
Muluneh Borcha ◽  
Anley Tesfaye ◽  
Baye Dagnew
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Critical Times

Abstract Background The burden of communicable diseases within developing countries is mainly influenced by poor personal hygiene practices. Hand washing is considered as most cost effective intervention for reducing health problems such as diarrhoea and acute respiratory tract infections. This study aimed to assess hand washing practice at critical times and identify associated factors among mothers of under five children in Debark town. Method A community based cross-sectional study design was carried out from May 1–20, 2018 in Debark town. After selection of participants using simple random sampling, face to face interview was performed by using semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered into EPI Info 7 and exported into SPSS 21 for further analysis. Results were presented by simple frequency, percentage and mean for descriptive variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to test the association of dependent and independent factors. Variables with 95% confidence interval and p ≤ 0.2 during the univariable binary logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. At the final model variables with p ≤ 0.05 were treated as significantly associated factors of hand washing practice at critical times. Results Good hand washing practice at critical times was reported in 52.2% (95% CI: 47.5, 57.2%) of study participants. Desirable attitude [AOR = 3.37, 95% CI (2.03, 5.58)], presence of water for washing hands [AOR = 4.86, 95% CI (1.26, 18.69)] and a good knowledge [AOR = 2.98, 95% CI (1.92, 4.60)] were significantly associated factors with hand washing practice at critical times. Conclusion The hand washing practice at critical times of study participants was found to be low. A significant proportion of mothers of under five children have a poor hand washing practice at critical times. It is necessary to increase the access to water and to improve knowledge and attitude of mothers to improve their hand washing practice at critical times.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of incomplete or not at all vaccination among children aged 12–36 months in Dabat and Gondar districts, northwest of Ethiopia: findings from the primary health care project

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041163
Author(s):  
Asmamaw Atnafu ◽  
Gashaw Andargie ◽  
Mezgebu Yitayal ◽  
Tadesse Awoke Ayele ◽  
Kassahun Alemu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Disease ◽  
Preventable Disease

ObjectiveEthiopia is one of the Africa’s signatory countries for implementation of the primary healthcare strategy including immunisation. In Ethiopia, however, 16% of child death is due to vaccine-preventable disease. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of incomplete or not at all vaccination among children aged 12–36 months in Dabat and Gondar districts, Northwest Ethiopia.Study designThe study is community-based cross-sectional study.Study settingDabat and Gondar Zuria districts, Northwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsMothers/caregivers with children aged 12–36 months were enrolled in the study. Participants were randomly selected through systematic sampling and a total of 603 participants were included in the analysis.MethodsA binary logistic regression analysis was done. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, a p value of <0.05 and adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI were used to identify statistically associated factors with incomplete or not at all vaccination.OutcomesIncomplete or not at all vaccination.ResultsThe prevalence of incomplete or not at all vaccinated children was 23.10% (95% CI 16.50 to 29.70). The multivariable analysis revealed that the odds of incomplete or not at all vaccination were higher among mothers who had no antenatal care (ANC) visit (AOR: 1.81, 95% CI 1.21 to 4.03) and no postnatal care (PNC) visit (AOR=1.52, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.25).ConclusionsIn the study area, nearly one-fourth of children are incompletely or not at all vaccinated. Our finding suggests that ANC and PNC visits are key determinants of incomplete or not at all vaccination. Thus, in low-resource settings like Ethiopia, the health system approaches to improved ANC and PNC services should be intensified with more effective advice on child immunisation to reduce vaccine preventable disease.

scholarly journals Under-five Mortality and Associated Factors among Children Born from 15-49 Years Old Mothers in Haramaya Town, Eastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmed ◽  
Melake Demena ◽  
Zelalem Teklemariam ◽  
Assefa Desalew ◽  
Nega Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Household Size ◽  
P Value ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Colostrum Feeding

Abstract Background: The global under-five mortality rate has dropped from almost 90 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 43 in 2015. The Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey, 2019 shows 55 under-five deaths per 1,000 live births. In the eastern part of Ethiopia, evidence from the Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Kersa district of East Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region suggested the decline of under-five mortality rate from 131.8 per 1000 live births in 2008 to 77.4 per 1000 live births in 2013. The death rates still remain far from the Sustainable Development Goals’ target reduction to 25 or less per 1000 live births by 2030. However, the magnitude and determinants of under-five mortality is not studied in Haramaya town. Objective: To assess the under-five mortality rate and associated factors among children born during August 07, 2015- August 06, 2020 in Haramaya town, east Ethiopia by August 07–31/2020. Methodology: Quantitative cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 391 pairs of 15-49 years old mothers and their live-born under-five children selected using systematic random sampling technique from Haramaya town to cmpare mortality between <=24 and >=25 mother’s age groups. Data were collected using interview-based questionnaire; double entered into EpiData 3.1; and then exported to statistical package for social sciences program version 20.0 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis (p-value <0.20) was performed to examine crude association of predictors with under-five mortality, and then multiple logistic regression analysis (p-value <0.05) to measure the statistical association. Results: The death of 28 out of 372 live births gave an under-five mortality rate of 75 per 1000 live births. Children born in households with less than 6 members had 7. 98 times higher odds of dying than those born in households with at least 6 members (AOR =7.98, 95% CI =1.59-40.17). Those children who did not feed colostrum were associated with 17.45 times increased risk of under-five deaths compared to colostrum-fed ones (AOR =17.45, 95% CI =6.54-46.55). Conclusion: The study suggests that 75 per 1000 live births die before celebrating their fifth birth day. Household size and colostrum feeding are the significantly associated factors.Recommendation: All concerned should inform the mothers the role of identified factors like household size and colostrum feeding in child survival.

scholarly journals Anti-COVID Vaccination for Adolescents: A Survey on Determinants of Vaccine Parental Hesitancy

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1309
Author(s):  
Stefano Zona ◽  
Simonetta Partesotti ◽  
Andrea Bergomi ◽  
Cristiano Rosafio ◽  
Francesco Antodaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Institutions

Vaccine hesitancy has been considered one of the most severe threats to global health, as it represents an obstacle to achieving adequate vaccination coverage. Recent research studies aimed at investigating the propensity for anti-COVID vaccination among adults have found a high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy, but few data are available on parental vaccine hesitancy. We therefore built an anonymous online survey to investigate the factors related to the vaccine hesitancy of parents of adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age, with a special focus on demographic factors and the domains of confidence and complacency. The online survey was conducted by using the Crowd Signal platform from 15 July to 16 August 2021, in Italy. A total of 1799 analyzable questionnaires were analyzed. Overall, Favorable and Doubtful parents declared a higher level of confidence on safety and efficacy of pediatric vaccines and on confidence in health institutions than Hesitant/Reluctant ones (p-values < 0.001). The univariate multinomial logistic regression analysis and the multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the Hesitant/Reluctant parents were younger than 40 years of age, with a secondary-school or three-year degree, free-lance, with a family income below €28,000, with an erroneous perception of the risk of COVID-19 as disease and with fear of anti-COVID vaccination. These results, which should be confirmed in a larger population and in different geographical areas, should lead Institutions and stakeholders to identify targeted communication tools to improve trust in health institutions, especially by younger parents.

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