scholarly journals Effect of Caffeine at Different Concentrations on Behavior and Motor Activity in Mice

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sakina S. Saadawi ◽  
Khairi A. Alennabi ◽  
Sumaya Baayo ◽  
Amera Fares ◽  
Najwa Alosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Cns Depression ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Dose Dependent Effect

Aims: This article aimed to study the effect of different caffeine concentrations on behaviour and motor activity of mice. Place and Duration of Study: This study took place in Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli, and was conducted between 2017 to 2018. Methodology: The experiment was carried out using 24 male mice (25-30 gm). Plus maze was used for screening antianxiety effect of caffeine. While swimming maze was used to test the antidepressant effect. Descriptive statistics was performed using SPSS (version 22), followed by one sample Kolmogorov-Simirnov test. One-Way ANOVA was applied to compare between groups and Post Hoc test (LSD).  Results: At a dose of 100 mg/kg, caffeine produce significant decrease in the duration of immobility using forced swimming maze; while the lower (25 mg/kg) and the higher (200 mg/kg) doses did not produce any changes compared to the control. In plus maze, Caffeine decreases the anxiety measure at the dose used of 100 mg/kg; but did not change the anxiety measure when lower (25 mg/kg) or higher (200 mg/kg) doses used compared to the control. The spontaneous motor activity was decreased significantly after administration of the higher dose of 200 mg/kg; the lower dose (25 mg/kg) showed insignificant increase, while the dose of 100 mg/kg produce insignificant decrease in the spontaneous motor activity. Conclusion: Caffeine has dose dependent effect, in a dose 100 mg/kg it produce anxiolytic and antidepressant like action, while lower (25 mg/kg) and higher (200 mg/kg) doses did not show any changes. Caffeine also produce dose dependent decrease in the spontaneous motor activity, this indicate that caffeine produce CNS depression with higher doses.

scholarly journals Behavior Effect of Fluoxetine in Presence of Selenium Using Albino Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Suhera M. Aburawi ◽  
Sumaya A. Baayo
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Mice

Depression is a major cause of morbidity worldwide. Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and is effective antidepressant medication. Selenium is essential for good health but required only in small amounts.Aim of the study is to investigate the effects of fluxetine alone and in presence of selenium on anxiety, spontaneous motor activity and antidepressant behavior. Also, the study aims to investigate the effects of selenium on spontaneous motor activity, anxiety measure, and antidepressant behavior, using photoelectric cells, elevated plus maze and forced swimming maze.Mice were divided into 5 group (n=6). Group 1 (control), administered 1% tween 80 (5 ml/kg); group 2 administered selenium (200 µg/kg); group 3 received diazepam as a positive control (1 mg/kg); group 4 received fluoxetine (20 mg/kg); while group 5 received combined treatment of fluoxetine and selenium. All drugs injected sub acutely (three doses), mice were intraperitoneally administered at 24, 5, and 1.0 hrs before scoring. All drugs administered as suspension in 1% Tween 80 (T80). It was injected in volume 5ml/kg. Plus maze, photoelectric cells and forced swimming maze models were used.Fluoxetine has no effect on anxiety or locomotor activity; while selenium produced anxiolytic effect without changes on locomotor activity. Fluoxetine has antidepressant activity without any effect on duration of climbing. Selenium induced antidepressant effect with climbing action. Fluoxetine abolish the anxiolytic effect of selenium when administered together, but the combined treatment decreases the locomotor activity. Fluoxetine administration with selenium counteract the antidepressant effect of each other and climbing effect of selenium. Finally, selenium improves anxiety and depression behavior in albino mice, and might be used as an alternative therapy instead of fluoxetine (which treat antidepression only); but it must not be taken in combination with it.

scholarly journals Dose-Dependent, Antidepressant, and Anxiolytic Effects of a Traditional Medicinal Plant for the Management of Behavioral Dysfunctions in Animal Models

Dose-Response ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932581989126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Asif ◽  
Abdul Hayee ◽  
Muhammad Rahil Aslam ◽  
Khalil Ahmad ◽  
Abdul Sattar Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Dose Dependent

The present work was carried out to assess the Onosma bracteatum anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. Swiss albino mice (male) were fed orally with hydroalcoholic extract at different doses 50, 100, and 200 mg 1 hour prior to test with the standard diazepam and fluoxetine. Anxiolytic and antidepressant activities were evaluated by using open field, elevated plus maze, force swimming, and tail suspension test. Results of open field test showed an increase in number of line crossing as well as number of rearing in dosage-dependent design. Although results of elevated plus maze test evidently showed antianxiety effect of O bracteatum by increasing the time spent in open arms along with decreasing the time spent in closed arms in dosage-dependent way. For the evaluation of antidepressant effect, O bracteatum diminished the immobility time and expanded mobility time in forced swim model in dosage-dependent way. Likewise, O bracteatum expanded time span of mobility along with diminished immobility time in tail suspension method in dosage-dependent way. Outcome demonstrated that plant at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight showed significant potential which was similar to that standard diazepam and fluoxetine. Hence, O bracteatum may be used as potent natural psychotherapeutic agent against the mental disorders.

Effect of somatostatin on myoelectrical activity of small bowel.

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (3) ◽  
pp. E249 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Thor ◽  
R Król ◽  
S J Konturek ◽  
D H Coy ◽  
A V Schally
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Spike Activity ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Type Pattern ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses

Somatostatin, a growth hormone-release inhibiting hormone, has been found to be a powerful inhibitor of gastric and pancreatic secretion as well as of hormone release in the digestive system. This study was undertaken to determine the influence of somatostatin on the myoelectrical activity pattern of the small bowel. Three conscious dogs were prepared with electrodes spaced 25 cm apart along the entire small intestine. Intravenous infusions of somatostatin were administered in various doses (0.6--5.0 microgram/kg.h) while spike activity and slow waves were recorded under fasting conditions, after a meat meal, or during intravenous infusion of gastrin, caerulein, or insulin. Somatostatin at a dose of 0.6 microgram/kg.h almost doubled the frequency of the interdigestive myoelectric complex. Somatostatin in fed dogs caused a dose-dependent decrease of the normal fed spike activity, and at higher doses it induced a pattern like that seen in fasting animals. The slow-wave frequency in both fasted and fed conditions was not changed significantly. We conclude that somatostatin given under basal conditions increases the frequency of the interdigestive complex and, when administered after feeding, converts the fed-type pattern to the fasted-type pattern. It may therefore play a promoting role in initiating the interdigestive myoelectric complex.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anxiolytic activity of aqueous extract of Nerium oleander flowers in albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1797
Author(s):  
Shashikala G. H. ◽  
Shilpa B. N. ◽  
Mansi J. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Anxiolytic Activity ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Anxiety has become a very important area of research interest in psychopharmacology as it affects one-eighth of the population worldwide. Benzodiazepines are still the most commonly used drugs for anxiety despite a number of side effects.There is a need for newer antianxiety drugs with increased safety and efficacy, hence this study was undertaken to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of Nerium oleander flowers.Methods: Aqueous extract of Nerium oleander flowers (NA) was prepared using soxhalet apparatus. A total of 24 Albino rats aged 8-10 weeks of either sex weighing about 100-150g were obtained and divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group I: Normal saline 10mL/kg. Group II: Diazepam 2mg/kg Group III: NA at a dose of 200 mg/kg Group IV: NA at a dose of 400mg/kg. The anxiolytic activity of Aqueous extract of NA was tested by elevated plus maze and digital actophotometer models. Data was analysed using one way ANOVA followed by Posthoc Tukey’s test.Results: In EPM model, the NA at 200, 400mg/kg doses showed that the number of entries and time spent in the open arms were increased significantly as compared to the control animals. (p<0.001). In Actophoptometer model, two different doses of NA (200 and 400mg/kg) showed a dose-dependent decrease in the locomotor activity, when compared to the control animals (p<0.001).Conclusions: Both the doses of aqueous extract of Nerium oleander flowers (200mg and 400mg/kg) possess anxiolytic activity and could be used as a new approach to treat anxiety.

Regulation of Thromboplastin Synthesis in Mouse Placental Cells In Vitro

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (04) ◽  
pp. 831-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Dalaker ◽  
Hans Prydz
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Placental Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Dose Dependent Effect ◽  
Methyl Xanthine

SummaryMouse placental cells are probably constitutive producers of the thromboplastin apoprotein in vitro. The effect of cyclic AMP- elevating compounds on their expression of thromboplastin activity has been studied. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP, the phosphodiesterase inhibitor Ro 20-1724 and the adenyl cyclase stimulator forskolin all decrease the synthesis of thromboplastin. Prostaglandin E2 and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor butyl-methyl-xanthine have a biphasic dose dependent effect. A stimulation was observed at low concentrations, whereas higher doses decreased the synthesis of thromboplastin. Adrenaline had no effect. Combination of two compounds, each at maximally inhibiting concentration gave no significant additive inhibitory effect, showing that they probably act via the same pathway.

scholarly journals First Evidence for an Anxiolytic Effect of a Diterpenoid from Salvia Cinnabarina

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Maione ◽  
Maria Camela Bonito ◽  
Mariantonella Colucci ◽  
Virginia Cozzolino ◽  
Angela Bisio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Sedative Activity ◽  
Swimming Test

The potential anxiolytic and anti-depressive activity of CMP1 was studied in the elevated plus-maze test and in the forced swimming test. Furthermore, CMP1 sedative activity was evaluated in pentobarbital treated animals; the effect of CMP1 on spontaneous motor activity (total locomotion) was also evaluated. Our data show that CMP1, at doses that did not affect locomotion, was able to induce anxiolytic and sedative, but not anti-depressive effects. In conclusion, our results represent first evidence for an anxiolytic activity of this diterpenoid from Salvia cinnabarina.

lmmunotoxicological Investigation of SCMF, a New Pyrethroid Pesticide in Mice

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Siroki ◽  
L. Institoris ◽  
E. Tatar ◽  
I. Desi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Pyrethroid Pesticide ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Femoral Bone Marrow

The toxicity of a new pyrethroid pesticide Supercypermethrin Forte (SCMF) was studied in male CFLP mice using classic toxicological (body weight, organ weights) and haematological (white blood cell count, haematocrit, nucleated cell content of femoral bone marrow) methods and immune function tests (PFC assay, DTH reaction). Four weeks of oral treatment in a 5 days per week system at doses of 1/10, 1/20, or 1/40 x LD50 did not cause evaluable changes in the measured parameters. When single calculated LD20, LD10, or LD5 doses of SCMF were administered on different days before termination to different groups of mice the two higher doses caused a time- and dose-dependent decrease in the splenic PCF number, Apart from some temporary toxic signs and an increase of haematocrit at the top dose the other examined parameters did not show evaluable changes. Under these experimental conditions toxic changes appeared only at the high dose range and, of those applied, the PFC assay proved to be the most sensitive method for detecting the toxicity of SCMF.

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