Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant Activity and Inhibitory Potential of Five Kenyan Medicinal Plants

The present study was conducted to evaluate preliminary phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activities of five plants (Olea europaea, Kigelia africana, Terminalia mollis, Croton macrostachyus and Bridella micrantha extracts). The plants were collected from Baringo County in Kenya, dried, pulverized into fine powders and extracted using methanol. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, aminoacids and proteins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and triterpenoids. The root extracts were further investigated for their potential antioxidant activity by using radical scavenging DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) technique. Methanol extract of roots from the plants showed significant differences in DPPH radical scavenging activities. The results were concluded that extracts have a more secondary metabolites and potential source of antioxidants, which is warranty to evaluate further in vivo pharmacological studies.

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Selenylation Modification of Atractylodes macrocephala Polysaccharide and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity

Advances in Polymer Technology ◽

10.1155/2019/8191385 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ranran Hou ◽

Qiu Li ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Yuanliang Hu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Effect ◽

Ftir Spectrometry ◽

Mda Content ◽

Selenylation Modification ◽

Atractylodes Macrocephala

The Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide (AMP) was extracted by water extracting-alcohol precipitating method and further purified by DEAE column. After that, the polysaccharides were modified by nitric acid-sodium selenite method, and nine kinds of selenizing AMPs (sAMPs) were obtained, namely, from sAMP1 to sAMP9. AMP and sAMP were characterized using FTIR spectrometry. Then their antioxidant activities in vitro were measured by free radical-scavenging test. Among these, sAMP6 presented the strongest antioxidant effect. For the test in vivo, the chickens at day 14 vaccinated with ND vaccine were repeatedly vaccinated at day 28. The chickens in sAMP and AMP were injected respectively with 1 mg of sAMP6 and AMP and, in vaccination control (VC) and BC groups, injected with equal volume of normal saline. Respectively, after the first vaccine, on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, the serum GSH-Px and SOD activities and MDA content were determined. The results suggested that sAMP6 could significantly promote GSH-Px and SOD activities and decrease MDA content. All these results indicated that selenylation modification could significantly enhance the antioxidant activity of AMP.

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A Review of Recent Studies on the Antioxidant Activities of a Third-Millennium Food: Amaranthus spp.

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9121236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1236

Author(s):

Seon-Joo Park ◽

Anshul Sharma ◽

Hae-Jeung Lee

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Peptides ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Amaranth Species ◽

Amaranthus Spp

Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) plant commonly refers to the sustainable food crop for the 21st century. The crop has witnessed significant attention in recent years due to its high nutritional value and agronomic advantages. It is a relatively well-balanced cosmopolitan food that is a protector against chronic diseases. Usually, the antioxidant activities of amaranth are held responsible for its defensive behavior. Antioxidant activity of plants, generally, is attributed to their phytochemical compounds. The current interest, however, lies in hydrolysates and bioactive peptides because of their numerous biological functions, including antioxidant effect. While the importance of bioactive peptides has been progressively recognized, an integrated review of recent studies on the antioxidant ability of amaranth species, especially their hydrolysates and peptides has not been generated. Hence, in this review, we summarize studies focused on the antioxidant capacity of amaranth renewal over the period 2015–2020. It starts with a background and overall image of the amaranth-related published reviews. The current research focusing on in vitro, in vivo, and chemical assays-based antioxidant activity of different amaranth species are addressed. Finally, the last segment includes the latest studies concerning free radical scavenging activity and metal chelation capacity of amaranth protein hydrolysates and bioactive peptides.

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Optimization of Phenolic Compound Extraction from Chinese Moringa oleifera Leaves and Antioxidant Activities

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2019/5346279 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Beibei Zhao ◽

Jiawen Deng ◽

Hua Li ◽

Yaqiang He ◽

Tao Lan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ultrasonic Extraction ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Rich in phenolic compounds, Moringa oleifera leaf extract (ME) exhibits significant antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo. ME has already been widely used in fields of medicine, functional food, and cosmetics. Ultrasonic extraction (UE) method has been improved to be one of the most effective ways to extract phenols from M. oleifera leaves. The purpose of this study was to optimize ultrasonic extraction of phenols by response surface methodology (RSM). Four parameters were discussed, such as ethanol concentration, solvent-sample ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time. Also, purification methods of the crude ME by organic solvent extraction and column chromatography were examined. Antioxidant activities of ME and each fraction were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxy radical-scavenging activities and reducing power. The phenol content of the purified ME reached up to 962.6 mg RE/g, extremely higher than the crude extract 107.22 ± 1.93 mg RE/g. The antioxidant activity of the purified ME was also significantly improved. Furthermore, phenols were identified by using the HPLC-MS method, and the results showed that there were 6 phenolic acids and derivatives and 7 flavonoids in ME. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside isolated from ME showed excellent DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging abilities, which were comparable to VC.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF CORCHORUS OLITORIUS

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i5.22138 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

Abdul Sadat ◽

Mayukh Hore ◽

Kaushik Chakraborty ◽

Subhrajyoti Roy

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro preliminary phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of methanolic leaf extracts of Corchorus olitorius L. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging activity method.Methods: Fresh jute leaves (immature, mature and senescence) were collected, air dried and the crude powder was prepared for phytochemical and antioxidant analysis. The powder was mixed with 70% methanol and the supernatant was separated. The antioxidant activity of this methanolic extract was measured on the basis of the scavenging activity of the stable 1, 1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical with slight modifications. Phytochemical analysis was performed according to standard laboratory protocol.Results: The results indicated the presence of different phytochemicals viz. glycosides, steroids, cholesterol, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, riboflavin, saponins and terpenoids. The sample also showed antioxidant activity by inhibiting DPPH radical. The significant antioxidant activity of methanolic leaf extract of might be due to the presence of saponins, phenols, flavonoids and alkaloids found in the preliminary phytochemical analysis.Conclusion: Present study reveals that the jute leaf possesses different phytonutrients and exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity, and therefore, may be used for therapeutic purposes.

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Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Tetracarpidium conophorum (African Walnut) Seeds

Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.15171/ajmb.2018.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 56-61

Author(s):

Kelly Oriakhi ◽

Kissinger Orumwensodia ◽

Patrick Uadia

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽

Crude Methanol Extract

Background: Tetracarpidium conophorum (African walnut) is an African plant with ethnobotanical uses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities of methanol extract and fractions (F) [n-hexane (HEX-F), dichloromethane (DCM-F) and, ethyl acetate (EA-F)] of T. conophorum seeds. Methods: Phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity study were carried out using DPPH, ABTs radical scavenging assays, nitric oxide inhibitory and reducing potential assays. Results: Methanol extract and its fractions contain phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The concentrations of total phenols and flavonoids content were significantly higher in EA-F and crude methanol extract compared to other fractions. Crude methanol and EA-F contain higher concentrations of tannin while hexane fraction had the lowest tannin content but relatively higher proanthocyanidin content compared to other fractions. The antioxidant activity study showed that both methanol crude extract and fractions of T. conophorum seeds have significant activities for DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant potential, nitric oxide inhibitory activities, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging for. DPPH radical scavenging activities of EA-F showed the lowest IC50 of 33.11 µg/mL, followed by Hex-F, DCM-F and crude methanol extract with IC50 of 33.43, 42.09 and 45.44 µg/mL, respectively, when compared to ascorbic acid with IC50 of 17.08 µg/mL. Conclusion: The study showed that T. conophorum seed is a rich source of secondary metabolites, which may be responsible for its antioxidant activities.

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QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SOME CITRUS FRUITS OF SOUTH INDIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i12.20912 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 198

Author(s):

Pallavi M` ◽

Ramesh Ck ◽

Krishna V ◽

Sameera Parveen ◽

Nanjunda Swamy L

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

South India ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Citrus Fruits ◽

Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The current investigation was contemplated to evaluate the phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant activities in peel and pulp of some commercially grown citrus fruits of South India, namely, lemon (Citrus aurantifolia), orange (Citrus reticulata), sour orange (Citrus aurantium), pomello (Citrus grandis), and citron (Citrus medica).Methods: The peel and pulp of the fruits were separated and subjected to cold extraction using 70% alcohol. The extracts obtained were screened for the presence of their phytoconstituents using various qualitative and further quantified for major constituents. Further, the in vitro antioxidant activity was assayed by different radical scavenging methods, namely, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, superoxide anion, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation inhibition, iron chelating activity, and reducing power assay at different concentrations.Results: All the citrus fruits have shown significant in vitro antioxidant activity for the parameters assessed, wherein peel extracts recorded superior antioxidant potential than their corresponding pulps. The broad range of activity of the extracts suggests that multiple mechanisms mediated by the phytoconstituents are responsible for the antioxidant activity.Conclusion: The study thus revealed that peel and pulp of citrus fruits are potential sources of bioactive compounds which are reflected in antioxidant activity and supports their health-promoting claims of plethora of investigations.

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Acetone Extract fromRhodomyrtus tomentosa: A Potent Natural Antioxidant

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/535479 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Goodla Lavanya ◽

Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai ◽

Nongporn Hutadilok Towatana

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Property ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

Rhodomyrtus tomentosa(Myrtaceae) has been employed in traditional Thai medicine to treat colic diarrhoea, dysentery, abscesses, haemorrhage, and gynaecopathy. In addition, it has been used to formulate skin-whitening, anti-aging and skin beautifying agents. Ethnomedical activities of this plant may be due its antioxidant property. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate bothin vitroandin vivoantioxidant activities ofR. tomentosaleaf extract.In vitroantioxidant activity of the extract was assessed by lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and metal chelating activity.R. tomentosaextract demonstrated its free radical scavenging effects in concentration dependent manner.In vivoantioxidant activity of the extract was conducted in SwissAlbinomice. Levels of thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in blood, liver, and kidney were analyzed using microtitre plate photometer. Administration of CCl4caused significant increase in TBARS and decrease in GSH, SOD, CAT and GPx levels. In contrast,R. tomentosaextract (0.8 g/kg) effectively prevented these alterations and maintained the antioxidant status. The results suggest thatR. tomentosaextract can serve as a potent antioxidant.

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Antioxidant Activities of Stilbenoids fromRheum emodiWall

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/603678 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Yuan-yuan Chai ◽

Fang Wang ◽

Yan-li Li ◽

Ke Liu ◽

Hui Xu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Hydroxyl Group ◽

Antioxidant Power

Rheum emodiWall has been reported to possess protective effect in many inflammatory diseases and oxidative stress-related injuries. This study aims to investigate antioxidant power of stilbenoids fromR. emodiand then explore the material basis for its antioxidant potential. The most abundant stilbenoid piceatannol-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PICG) and its aglycon piceatannol (PICE) were isolated fromR. emodirhizome. Using well-accepted antioxidant chemicals as reference, antioxidant activity of these stilbenoids was examined by measuring DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and inhibition of lipid peroxidationin vitro. Both PICG and PICE displayed promising antioxidant activity in all the four assays. Comparisons among the tested compounds indicated that PICE has the most potent antioxidant activity and the presence of 3′-hydroxyl group may enhance antioxidant activity of stilbenoids. The antioxidative effect of PICE at the cellular level was further demonstrated on the model of hydrogen-peroxide-induced H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts injury. Taking into account the rapidin vivometabolic transformation of PICG into PICE it can be inferred that the most abundant stilbenoid PICG may be an important constituent responsible for the antioxidant potential ofR. emodiand promising to be developed as an antioxidant agent for supplementary or therapeutic use.

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EFFECT OF TEMPERATURES EXTRACTION ON IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM OPHIOCORDYCEPS SOBOLIFERA

HUE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE NATURAL SCIENCE ◽

10.26459/hueuni-jns.v128i1d.5273 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 128 (1D) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khoa Van Tran ◽

Hieu Trung Le ◽

Son Lam Le ◽

Vu Xuan Anh Ho ◽

Kiet Tam Trinh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Value Range ◽

Ophiocordyceps Sobolifera ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

The objective of the work reported in this paper was to evaluated effects of temperatures extraction on in vitro antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from the Ophiocordyceps sobolifera. The antioxidant capacity of Ophiocordyceps sobolifera polysaccharide was evaluated to use 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and total antioxidant activity methods. From this study, it could be concluded that the highest antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides could be obtained from extraction temperature 80 oC. Total antioxidant capacity of polysaccharides from Ophiocordyceps sobolifera contained from 0.1183 ± 0.0011 to 0.1454 ± 0.0021 mg GA/g or from 0.1105 ± 0.0004 to 0.1215 ± 0.0006 μmol AS/g. Polysaccharides has the most potential antioxidant activity with the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value range 0.97 mg/mL to 1.06 mg/mL.

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Antioxidative and Hepatoprotective Effects of Rubus canescens DC. growing wild in Lebanon

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666191111103820 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 09 ◽

Author(s):

Ghaydaa Mohamad Salim ◽

Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki ◽

Hiba Abdallah ◽

Hatem M. Nasser ◽

Nelly Arnold-Apostolides

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Histological Analysis ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽

Β Carotene

Background: Plants of the genus Rubus (family Rosaceae) have been used for diverse medicinal purposes for centuries. We hypothesized that the scarcely investigated R. canescens DC. should, like other species of the genus Rubus, exhibit prominent antioxidant activity. Objective: The present study investigates the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of fruit juice as well as aqueous and methanolic extracts of the areal parts of Rubus canescens DC., and decipher the phytochemical profile of the methanolic extracts by GC-MS. Methods: The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH radical scavenging assay and β-carotene bleaching assays. The in vivo antioxidant activity of the extracts was assessed by measuring ALT, AST, CAT, and SOD levels in CCl4-challenged mice in two experimental models (chronic exposure and preventive). Histological analysis was conducted on H&E stained liver sections, and the phytochemical profile of methanolic extracts was investigated by GC-MS. Results: DPPH radical scavenging assay revealed that the methanolic leaves extract exhibited the highest activity, while the juice was the most active in the β-carotene bleaching assay. The in vivo experiments suggested that the extracts have promising antioxidant potential and hepatoprotective effect capable of promoting liver functions. Histological analysis of liver sections revealed that administrating juice extract regenerated hepatocytes while reducing inflammation. GC-MS analysis indicated the presence of squalene, β-amyrin, and γ-sitosterol that may have contributed to the observed activity. Conclusion: The current study provided the first in vivo evidence supporting the antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects of R. canescens DC. growing wild in Lebanon.

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