State of the Art: Soil Physical Attributes

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Allan de Marcos Lapaz ◽  
Carolina dos Santos Batista Bonini ◽  
Gabriela Lozano Olivério ◽  
Tatiane Paes dos Santos ◽  
José Guilherme Chitero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Quality Practices ◽  
Physical Attributes

Proper soil management interferes in the result of the installed crop. The knowledge of the positive and/or negative influence on the production systems is essential to improve the physical, chemical and biological quality of the soil and, for that, there are some attributes that act as indicators of soil quality. Practices carried out improperly will result in problems in soil structure, such as compaction, lack of availability of water and air in the soil and for plants, soil loss among others. Some properties as soil porosity, aggregation, compaction, water infiltration are used to measure soil quality. Given this, the use of these attributes as indicators is of utmost importance for excellent productivity, since management practices can directly influence the development of plants.

TQM implementation in 3PL organisations vs organisations with in-house logistics department

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotis Vouzas ◽  
Theano Katsogianni
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Practices ◽  
Quality Management Practices ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an exploratory literature review investigating the similarities and differences in TQM implementation between 3PL organisations and organisations with an in-house logistics function. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected all relevant papers covering both types of organisations implementing TQM worldwide in a time period from 1991 until today. The aim was to identify key papers and analyse its contents based on the quality of services provided by these two types of organisations. Findings The survey contains information about the forces that encourage managers to implement quality practices in the logistics function, the reasons that impeded the implementation of such a quality programme, the quality methods being used and also the level of their satisfaction with the current quality management in logistics. Research limitations/implications This paper only mentioned the principal papers that have been published globally from 1991 – today. Originality/value The present study is one of the few that reviewed literature from the year 1991 – today in order to provide a comparison of quality management practices between 3PLs and in-house Logistics organisations.

Assessment of tillage effects on soil quality of pastures in South Africa with indexing methods

Soil Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Swanepoel ◽  
C. C. du Preez ◽  
P. R. Botha ◽  
H. A. Snyman ◽  
J. Habig
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Soil Physical Quality

Soil quality of pastures changes through time because of management practices. Excessive soil disturbance usually leads to the decline in soil quality, and this has resulted in concerns about kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum)–ryegrass (Lolium spp.) pasture systems in the southern Cape region of South Africa. This study aimed to understand the effects of tillage on soil quality. The soil management assessment framework (SMAF) and the locally developed soil quality index for pastures (SQIP) were used to assess five tillage systems and were evaluated at a scale inclusive of variation in topography, pedogenic characteristics and local anthropogenic influences. Along with assessment of overall soil quality, the quality of the physical, chemical and biological components of soil were considered individually. Soil physical quality was largely a function of inherent pedogenic characteristics but tillage affected physical quality adversely. Elevated levels of certain nutrients may be warning signs to soil chemical degradation; however, tillage practice did not affect soil chemical quality. Soil disturbance and the use of herbicides to establish annual pastures has lowered soil biological quality. The SQIP was a more suitable tool than SMAF for assessing soil quality of high-input, dairy-pasture systems. SQIP could facilitate adaptive management by land managers, environmentalists, extension officers and policy makers to assess soil quality and enhance understanding of processes affecting soil quality.

scholarly journals Water quality and management in the Australian pig industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Louise Edwards ◽  
Helen Crabb
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
The Impact

Context Water is the first nutrient and an essential component of all agricultural production systems. Despite its importance there has been limited research on water, and in particular, the impact of its availability, management and quality on production systems. Aims This research sought to describe the management and quality of water used within the Australian pig industry. Specifically, the water sources utilised, how water was managed and to evaluate water quality at both the source and the point of delivery to the pig. Methods Fifty-seven commercial piggeries across Australia participated in this study by completing a written survey on water management. In addition, survey participants undertook physical farm parameter measurements including collecting water samples. Each water sample was tested for standard quality parameters including pH, hardness, heavy metals and microbiological status. Key results Responses were received from 57 farms, estimated to represent at least 22% of ‘large’ pig herds. Bore water was the most common water source being utilised within the farms surveyed. Management practices and infrastructure delivering water from the source to the point of consumption were found to differ across the farms surveyed. Furthermore, water was regularly used as a delivery mechanism for soluble additives such as antibiotics. The quality of water at the source and point of consumption was found to be highly variable with many parameters, particularly pH, hardness, salinity, iron, manganese and microbiological levels, exceeding the acceptable standard. Conclusions In general, water quality did not appear to be routinely monitored or managed. As a result, farm managers had poor visibility of the potential negative impacts that inferior water quality or management may be having on pig production and in turn the economics of their business. Indeed, inferior water quality may impact the delivery of antibiotics and in turn undermine the industry’s antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Implications The study findings suggest that water quality represents a significant challenge to the Australian pig industry. Access to drinking water of an acceptable quality is essential for optimal pig performance, health and welfare but also to ensure farm to fork supply chain integrity, traceability and food safety.

scholarly journals Knowledge management systems in Quality 4.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 09003
Author(s):  
Raluca Dovleac
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Quality Practices ◽  
Process Output ◽  
Knowledge Management Practices ◽  
Modern Technologies

Quality management has evolved throughout time in ways that allowed companies to adapt quality practices and principles into their activities in order to provide better products/services to their customer. The latest trends point to the pivotal role that quality plays in the Industry 4.0 era, where it is expected to synergize with Industry 4.0 practices in order to ensure that not only products are built faster and cheaper but also that they can meet the quality expectations of the customers. This gave birth to the concept of Quality 4.0, a new way of managing quality which uses modern technologies such as: IoT, Blockchain, Big data, AI and sensors in order to gather relevant information, monitor process performance and act preemptively in regard to the quality of the process output. An issue that emerges however, is identifying the relevant data and ways to manage it as this is considered to be a major obstacle in the implementation of Quality 4.0 practices. The research focuses on providing the foundational base for Knowledge management practices of companies looking to embrace Quality 4.0 to ensure that these companies use relevant data in their daily activities.

Short-term effects of different soil management practices on biodiversity and soil quality of Mediterranean ancient olive orchards

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Calabrese ◽  
E. V. Perrino ◽  
G. Ladisa ◽  
A. Aly ◽  
M. Tesfmichael Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effects

scholarly journals Structural quality of a no-tillage red latosol 50 months after gypsum aplication

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 1005-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Marques Lopes Müller ◽  
Cassio Antônio Tormena ◽  
Aline Marques Genú ◽  
Luiz Fernando Machado Kramer ◽  
Leandro Michalovicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Gypsum Application

Gypsum application may enhance the soil quality for plants in terms of soil chemical and physical properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of gypsum application on the structural quality of a no-tillage Red Latosol. The experiment was initiated in September 2005 in Guarapuava-PR, with gypsum applications of 0; 4; 8; and 12 Mg ha-1 on the soil surface. In November 2009, two soil blocks were sampled from the 0-0.3 m layer for visual evaluation of the soil structure quality (Sq) and to determine the aggregate-tensile strength (ATS). Soil penetration resistance (PR) and gravimetric moisture (H%) of the 0-0.300 m layer were evaluated, and soil cores were collected (layers 0.000-0.075 and 0.075-0.150 m), to determine soil bulk density (BD), total soil porosity (TP), microporosity (Mi), and macroporosity (Ma). Data were subjected to analysis of regression at 5 %. No significant effects of gypsum application on ATS and H % of aggregates were observed, but for Sq, a quadratic effect (0.000-0.075 m) and linear increase (0.075-0.150 and 0.150-0.300 m) were stated, indicating soil quality decrease, although Sq remained mostly below 3.0, with good to intermediate soil quality. Soil PR increased with gypsum, but also remained below critical levels. No effect was observed for soil H % at the moment of PR determination on the field. The gypsum applications decreased BD in the 0.075-0.150 m layer, and increased PT and Ma, while in 0.000-0.075 m some Ma was converted to Mi, without affecting PT and BD. These last results indicate a gain in soil structural quality by gypsum applications, but the higher scores of soil structure and values of soil penetration resistance, though still below thresholds, should be monitored to prevent limitations to soil use in the future.

scholarly journals Long Term Crop-Livestock Managements on Physical Soil Attributes and Total Organic Carbon

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Edivan José Possamai ◽  
Paulo Cesar Conceição ◽  
Lizete Stumpf ◽  
Cristiane Dalagua Paier ◽  
Jaqueline Kristiane da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Summer Pasture

Crop-livestock system (CLS) based on summer crops, as soybean and corn, in rotation with oat+ryegrass pasture in winter for dairy products, is the most adopted productive system at the southern region of Paraná, Brazil. Although its management needs to be evaluated, in order to improve its sustainability. In this sense, this study aimed to measure the impacts of management practices of five smallholder farms on soil quality, considering the soil use history. Soil samples were collected to determine soil bulk density (BD), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), weighted mean diameter (WMD) in each area under CLS, summer pasture and native forest, as a control. Areas under CLS altered soil physical attributes (higher BD and Mi and lower Ma) in relation to the non-anthropized area as a consequence of animal trampling. However, the conservationist management adopted, with the soil cover maintenance along with years of minimum tillage, the use of grasses with aggressive roots along with the winter period, did not culminate in limitations of soil functions. Soil structure dynamics needs to be investigated to better determine the biological and physical influence on the formation of soil aggregation.

scholarly journals Soil Quality of a Rice Organic Farm in Langkong, M'lang, Cotabato

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-53
Author(s):  
Kathleen Cedeño
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

Soil quality is crucial to global food production security. However, research data on soil quality, which is vital to enhancing soil fertility and crop yield, is limited particularly on the soil in the rice fields located in Langkong, Mlang, Cotabato. This study aims to assess the soil quality of one of the organic rice farms in said area. Soil samples were collected in thirty-one (31) paddies for two sampling periods: thirty (30) days after harvest and thirty (30) days after rice transplanting. Eight (8) soil indicators representing soil physicochemical characteristics were measured from 0-15 cm depth; the indicators were soil texture, water holding capacity, pH, exchangeable phosphorus, extractable potassium, total organic matter, electrical conductivity, and cation exchange capacity. Results reveal that soils in the studied area are characterized by clay loam with moderate water-holding capacity of about 62.57% and 60.57% for both sampling periods, respectively. The soil is strongly acidic (5.3 and 5.5) and has a low amount of organic matter (2.16% and 1.57%) and exchangeable P (8.55 ppm and 2.48 ppm), although it has marginal extractable K (80.77 ppm and 91.10 ppm). Also, the soils are non-saline and have low cation exchange capacity. The findings signify that the soils have insufficient fertility to sustain the optimal growth of the rice plants which can potentially reduce the yield of rice production. Thus, amendment of the soil quality and enhancement of soil management practices should be taken into consideration to further improve soil fertility to ensure productivity and profitability of farmers.

scholarly journals Physical soil quality indicators for monitoring British soils

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Corstanje ◽  
Theresa Mercer ◽  
Jane R. Rickson ◽  
Lynda K. Deeks ◽  
Paul Newell-Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Monitoring ◽  
Soil Water Retention

Abstract. The condition or quality of soils determines its ability to deliver a range of functions that support ecosystem services, human health and wellbeing. The increasing policy imperative to implement successful soil monitoring programmes has resulted in the demand for reliable soil quality indicators (SQIs) for physical, biological and chemical soil properties. The selection of these indicators needs to ensure that they are sensitive and responsive to pressure and change e.g. they change across space and time in relation to natural perturbations and land management practices. Using a logical sieve approach based on key policy-related soil functions, this research assessed whether physical soil properties can be used to indicate the quality of British soils in terms of its capacity to deliver ecosystem goods and services. The resultant prioritised list of physical SQIs were tested for robustness, spatial and temporal variability and expected rate of change using statistical analysis and modelling. Six SQIs were prioritised; packing density, soil water retention characteristics, aggregate stability, rate of erosion, depth of soil and soil sealing. These all have direct relevance to current and likely future soil and environmental policy and are appropriate for implementation in soil monitoring programs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Land Management Practices on Soil Quality Indicators in Crete

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8619
Author(s):  
Orestis Kairis ◽  
Chrysoula Aratzioglou ◽  
Athanasios Filis ◽  
Michel van Mol ◽  
Costas Kosmas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators

The effects of four main practices tillage versus no-tillage, and intensive grazing versus extensive grazing, applied in characteristic agricultural and grazing lands of Crete Island were evaluated in situ using nine soil quality indicators. The following nine representative indicators of soil quality assessment were assessed using the rapid visual assessment methodology adopted at European level in the context of the EU research project iSQAPER: susceptibility to water and wind erosion, surface ponding (under cropping), formation of tillage pan, soil color, soil porosity, soil structure, susceptibility to slaking, infiltration rate, and biodiversity status. These indicators were measured in 48 agricultural field-plots to adequately represent the four above-mentioned practices and the different types of geomorphological patterns existing in the area. Additionally, 38 agricultural fields were sampled in the topsoil to assess cultivation practices (tillage, no-tillage) on soil organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable potassium, available phosphorous, and soil aggregate stability. Based on the indicators rating methodology, the appropriate statistical tests were applied and the soils under different managements were characterized in terms of their potential quality and their general agricultural value. The obtained data showed that in agricultural areas, significant differences were detected between tillage and no-tillage management practices for the indicators of soil structure and consistency and infiltration rate. In grazing land, significant differences were found for the soil quality indicators of susceptibility to erosion and infiltration rate for the corresponding practices of intensive and extensive grazing. Organic carbon content, exchangeable potassium content and aggregate stability were greatly affected in tillage versus no-tillage management practices.

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