Anti Psychotic Evaluation and GC-MS Analysis of Cassia occidentalis Leaves

Aim: To evaluate the effect of an active fraction from Cassia occidentalis leaves on Wistar rats against psychosis were investigated. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Bangalore, India between June -2019 to July – 2020. Methods: For the assessment of neuroleptic activity of the Cassia occidentalis leaves with different antipsychotic animal models, Chloroform and ethanol extract (200 mg.kg-1) were used for the study with different animal models. The extract showing higher anti psychotic activity was subjected to column chromatography and led to the isolation of an active fraction and examined in GC-MS analysis. Results: A significant decrease of amphetamine-caused stereotype and conditioned avoidance reaction turned into found with extract treated animals as in comparison to control. Phencyclidine induced weird sample of locomotor activity and social withdrawal test in test extracts does no longer proven any significant activity as in comparison to control. Minor symptoms of catalepsy have been seen extract-treated group and decreased dopamine level in the frontal cortex and corpus striatum in comparison to the control group. GC-MS evaluation was identified two active principles present in the eluted fraction. Conclusion: The study revealed that the ethanol extract of Cassia occidentalis may possess the property to alleviate the positive symptoms of psychosis.

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Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2020/1975904 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Resmi Mustarichie ◽

Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽

Dudi Runadi

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Propionibacterium Acnes ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Active Fraction ◽

Cassava Leaves ◽

Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

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Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity assessment on ethanol extract of Fructus Psoraleae in Sprague Dawley rats using a UPLC–Q‐TOF–MS analysis of serum metabolomics

Biomedical Chromatography ◽

10.1002/bmc.5064 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Longlong Xu ◽

Xianglin Tang ◽

Feiran Hao ◽

Yue Gao

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Serum Metabolomics ◽

Tof Ms

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Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic and Antiplasmodial Activities of Three Sponges from Buton Islands, Indonesia

ILMU KELAUTAN Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences ◽

10.14710/ik.ijms.22.3.147-154 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 147

Author(s):

Masteria Yunovilsa Putra ◽

Tri Aryono Hadi

Keyword(s):

Fungal Pathogen ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Sponge Species ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Significant Activity ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Inhibition Zones

GC-MS analysis of the crude extracts of three different species of Indonesian marine sponges has been carried out for identification of bioactive compounds. The GC-MS analysis from Haliclona (Gellius) sp., Lamellodysidea herbacea, and Spheciospongia inconstans revealed the presence of 23, 21, 19 various compounds, respectively and mainly sterols and fatty acids. All the sponge species has been evaluated for antimicrobial activities, cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and heme polymerization inhibitory activity assay for antiplasmodial activity. In this study, all the sponge species showed antimicrobial activities against at leastone of the test strains. Among them, the extract of sponge Lamellodysidea herbacea displayed activity against two Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. subtilis) and the Gram-negative bacteria V. cholerae, with inhibition zones of 10.3, 9.2 and 9.5 mm, respectively. The sponge Haliclona (Gellius) sp., showed significant activity against fungal pathogen C. albicans. The sponge Haliclona (Gellius) sp., displayed the ability to inhibit heme polymerization indicating an anti-Plasmodium function and also showed potent cytotoxic activity against the brine shrimp Artemia sp. Keywords: GC-MS analysis, antimicrobial, sponges,bioactive

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Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of Aedes aegypti larvicidal and biting deterrent compounds from Veratrum lobelianum

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2018-0030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 324-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nurhayat Tabanca ◽

Zulfiqar Ali ◽

Ulrich R. Bernier ◽

Nancy Epsky ◽

Ayse Nalbantsoy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Linoleate ◽

Significant Activity ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Human Carcinoma ◽

Ethyl Palmitate ◽

H Nmr ◽

Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽

Nmr Techniques

AbstractAn ethanol extract fromVeratrum lobelianumBernh. rhizomes showed larvicidal activity with LC50values of 11.79 ppm and 89.9 ppm against 1stand 4thinstar larvae, respectively, at 24 h post-treatment. The extract also showed proportion not biting (PNB) value of 0.76 at 100 μg/cm2against females ofAe.aegypti. Systematic bioassay-guided fractionation ofV.lobelianumextract resulted in the isolation of five compounds that were identified as ethyl palmitate (1), ethyl linoleate (2), β-sitosterol (3), resveratrol (4) and oxyresveratrol (5) by GC-MS,1H-NMR, and13C-NMR techniques, comparison with literature data, and confirmation with authentic compounds. Compound2exhibited larvicidal activity with an LC50value of 24.1 (22.0-26.2) ppm whereas1was inactive. β-Sitosterol (3) displayed the highest larvicidal activity with LC50= 1.7 (1.3-12.3) ppm and LC90= 5.1 (3.4-13.8) ppm. Compounds4and5had larvicidal activity with LC50values of 18.5 (15.3-23.3) and 22.6 (19.0-26.8) ppm, respectively, and had an equivalent PNB values of 0.75 at 25 nmol/cm2. In addition,4and5were explored for their human-based repellency againstAe.aegypti, attractiveness against male medfliesCeratitis capitata, and also evaluated against series of human carcinoma cells (A549, HEK293, HeLa, SH-SY5Y); however, no significant activity was found.

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Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of ethanol extract of Annona senegalensis leaves in experimental animal models

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20204084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1477

Author(s):

Anthony U. Megwas ◽

Godwin C. Akuodor ◽

Leo C. Chukwu ◽

Daniel O. Aja ◽

Edmund M. Okorie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Experimental Animal Models ◽

Antipyretic Activity ◽

Egg Albumen ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Abdominal Constriction

Background: This study was carried out to establish the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of the ethanol extract of Anonna senegalensis leaves in experimental animals.Methods: The analgesic activity was measured using the abdominal constriction and tail flick tests. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed using xylene and egg-albumen paw induced tests, while the antipyretic activity was measured using brewer’s yeast and 2, 4 dinitrophenol induced pyrexia tests, respectively.Results: The leaf extract at all doses used exhibited significant (p<0.05) analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities.Conclusions: Results show that ethanol leaf extract of Anonna senegalensis possess therapeutic potential against pains and feverish conditions, supporting the claims of its this plant as remedy for similar ailments.

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GC-MS Analysis of Bio-active Compounds in Ethanol Extract of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. Fruit Peel

Pharmacognosy Journal ◽

10.5530/pj.2019.1.24 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 146-149

Author(s):

Md. Mahmudul Hasan ◽

Md. Rezuan Al Mahmud ◽

Md. Gaziul Islam

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Putranjiva Roxburghii

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In Vitro Schistosomicidal Activity of the Alkaloid-Rich Fraction from Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae) and Its Characterization by UPLC-QTOF-MS

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/7909137 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lara Soares Aleixo de Carvalho ◽

Lucas Sales Queiroz ◽

Ismael José Alves Junior ◽

Ayla das Chagas Almeida ◽

Elaine Soares Coimbra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Folk Medicine ◽

Peritoneal Macrophages ◽

Antileishmanial Activity ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Leishmania Braziliensis ◽

Ruta Graveolens ◽

Active Fraction ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

First Time

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects million people worldwide, mostly in developing countries. Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae) is a plant used in folk medicine to treat several diseases, including parasitic infections. In this study, we reported the in vitro schistosomicidal activity of the R. graveolens extract (Rg) and its active fraction (Rg-FAE). Also, the characterization of Rg-FAE by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis and its in vitro antileishmanial activity against Leishmania braziliensis were also performed. In vitro schistosomicidal assays were assessed against adult worms of S. mansoni, while cell viability against peritoneal macrophages was measured by MTT assay. Rg (100 μg/mL) exhibited noticeable schistosomicidal activity, causing 100% mortality and decreasing motor activity of all adult male and female schistosomes, but with low activity against L. braziliensis. After chromatographic fractionation of Rg, fraction Rg-FAE was obtained, showing high activity against adult schistosomes. UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis of Rg-FAE revealed the presence of eleven alkaloids and one furanocoumarin. No significant antileishmanial activity was found for Rg, while Rg-FAE exhibited activity against L. braziliensis promastigotes. We demonstrated, for the first time, that the R. graveolens extract (Rg) and its alkaloid-rich fraction (Rg-FAE) are active against adult worms of S. mansoni, with no significant cytotoxicity on macrophages. Our findings open the route to further antiparasitic studies with the active fraction of R. graveolens and its identified compounds, especially alkaloids.

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EFFECT OF ETHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF BERLINIA GRANDIFLORA HUTCH AND DALZ ON MARKER LIVER ENZYMES IN RATS TREATED WITH CCl4

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i10.27376 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Martin Ntiamoah Donkor ◽

Samuel Yawson Ayikanle ◽

Samuel Adoesomdonkor

Keyword(s):

Olive Oil ◽

Liver Enzymes ◽

Day Treatment ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Significant Activity ◽

Stem Bark Extract ◽

The Impact

Objective: The objective of this work was to validate the traditional claim of the use of the stem bark of Berlinia grandiflora in treating liver problems by investigating the effect of its ethanol stem bark extract on maker liver enzymes in vivo.Methods: Groups of Wistar albino rats (6 in each group) were daily treated with CCl4 (2 ml/kg b.w., diluted with olive oil 1:1 v/v, intravenously), followed by oral administration of ethanol stem bark extract of Berlinia grandiflora (ESBG) at doses 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w. respectively, 3 h after the administration of the CCl4. Serum biochemical parameters were measured 24 h at the end of the 7-day treatment period and compared to a group intoxicated with CCl4 (2 ml/kg b.w., diluted with olive oil 1:1 v/v, intravenously) alone.Results: Treatment of rats with ESBG (at doses 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w. orally) reduced the impact of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity on liver maker enzymes Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (TB), with the 900 mg/kg b.w. showing a significant reduction (p<0.05) compared to the group intoxicated with CCl4. The extract reversed the impact of the CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by increasing the concentration of the serum Total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB), with the 900 mg/kg b.w. dose showing a significant increment (p<0.05) compared to the group intoxicated with the CCl4.Conclusion: The investigation of the effect of Berlinia grandiflora on CCl4 induced liver damage revealed that the ethanol extract of the stem bark of the plant was able to reverse the hepatotoxicity, with the 900 mg/kg b.w. dose showing a significant activity.

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