scholarly journals Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Niosomes Containing Leaf Extract of Moringa oleifera and Pharmacological Screening of the Extract against Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 236-245
Author(s):  
Manas Jyoti Kapil ◽  
Dhiren Deka ◽  
Mangala Lahkar ◽  
Neelakshi Sharma ◽  
Dhrubajyoti Sarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Release Agent ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease ◽  
Pharmacological Screening

This research is formulated on the basis of the Rheumatoid Arthritis of a niosome that contains leaf extract of the herb. Therefore, in this part along with the medication system of the herb on the body, the pharmacologic testing procedure is clarified. In the following part, we will explore a thorough assessment of the condition, called rheumatoid arthritis and how the medicinal plant is used as a release agent. While focusing on rheumatoid arthritis throughout the discussion, the research discussion section has made it clear how effectively this paper has tried to meet the formation of niosome with Moringa extract and its effectiveness to reduce the pain. Furthermore, the entire analysis has been illustrated by focusing on the effect of Moringa oleifera over rheumatoid arthritis disease.

scholarly journals Predominant Bacterial Diversity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Rat After Treated with Caprine CSN1S2 Protein

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131
Author(s):  
Eko Suyanto ◽  
◽  
Fatchiyah Fatchiyah ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Disease

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune and systemic inflammatory disease that is affected to microbial abnormalities in the gut and altered the metabolism and immune system. Bioactive peptides have many functions in the body that related to health. This study aimed to investigate the effect of caprine CSN1S2 protein and to identify the predominant bacterial diversity in rheumatoid arthritis rats through fecal analysis based on PCR-DGGE and phylogenetic analysis. The animals were divided into 6 groups with 2 types of the rat model, namely control rats (untreated (C), treated with caprine CSN1S2 protein from milk (CM), and treated with caprine CSN1S2 protein from yogurt (CY)) and rheumatoid arthritis rats (rheumatoid arthritis (RA), treated with caprine CSN1S2 protein from milk (RAM), and treated with caprine CSN1S2 protein from yogurt (RAY). Predominant cultivable bacteria were obtained by direct culture and analyzed using PCR-DGGE with several specific primers. The DNA sequences were analyzed and aligned using bioinformatics software to construct the phylogenetic tree. The results showed that bacterial composition in all control groups was dominated by Lactobacillus group but in the rheumatoid arthritis rat (RA) group was dominated by Enterococcus group, particularly Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. Meanwhile, Bacillus coagulans dominated in rheumatoid arthritis rats after treated with caprine CSN1S2 protein. The caprine CSN1S2 protein has effects in rheumatoid arthritis rats with the emergence of predominant bacteria that can promote the growth of B. coagulans and it might be suppressed pathogenic bacteria in the development of rheumatoid arthritis disease.

scholarly journals Effect of Physical Therapy and Electrostimulation, Applying them Together and Separately, on Hand Function in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Knar Mirzoyan ◽  
Inesa Rimdeikienė
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Motion Assessment

Research background. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an insidious disease that manifests in different age and gender. This disease affects not only the joints, but also other structures of the body. The symptoms are pain, decreased range of motion, muscle strength and others. Physical therapy and muscle electro stimulation procedures in the rheumatoid arthritis treatment are a very important part of the non-pharmacological treatment. Regular exercise helps a person to maintain and improve their functional ability, quality of life. The aim of the research was to establish the effect of physical therapy and electrostimulation, applying them together and separately, on hand function in women with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods. The study involved 15 women with rheumatoid arthritis, disease duration was until ten years. Participants randomly were divided in two groups – the frst group (n = 7) and the second group (n = 8). The frst group patients received physical therapy and muscle electro stimulation separately, and the second group – physical therapy with muscle electro stimulation at the same time. We assessed pain intensity, flexion of both wrists and extension range of motion, hand grip strength and hand function status. Results. Evaluated indicators in both groups signifcantly improved. Comparing two groups with each other, statistically signifcant difference was found in left wrist bending range of motion assessment. Conclusion. Physiotherapy and electrostimulation, applying them together and separately, are equally effective improving hand function in women with rheumatoid arthritis.Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, range of motion, muscle strength, hand functional status, physical therapy.

Development of Ultrasensitive and Arsenic (III) Selective Upconverting (NaYF4: Yb3+, Er3+) Platform

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Duhan ◽  
Kedar Sahoo ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Singh ◽  
Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Arsenic Pollution ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Interfering Ions ◽  
Resonance Transfer

The development of a sensitive alpha-NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+ solid-phase upconverting platform (UCP) has been realized using Moringa oleifera leaf extract for selective detection of arsenic (As III) contamination in drinking water. The presence of polyphenols in the leaves extract is shown to induce luminescence resonance transfer (LRET), diminishing thereby the Er3+ upconverting red and green emissions activated by 980 nm excitation. However, addition of As3+ species interrupts the LRET process and restores emission proportionately. This feature allows platform to selectively detect arsenic pollution in water below the safe limit of 10 ppt. The uniqueness of UCP lies in monitoring the As3+ contamination in samples containing heavy ions (Cd2+, Hg2+) as well, without apparent effect on the signal reproducibility. UCP is also found to be insensitive to other interfering ions like Pb2+, H2PO4-, F-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sn2+, Cr6+, Fe2+ and Co2+, if present.<br><br>

Amelioration of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury by Citrus Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
Jin Xuezhu ◽  
Li Jitong ◽  
Nie Leigang ◽  
Xue Junlai
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Citrus Leaf ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of citrus leaf extract in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury and its potential molecular mechanism. Carbon tetrachloride was used to construct hepatic injury animal model. To this end, rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, carbon tetrachloride-treated, and two carbon tetrachloride + citrus leaf extract-treated groups. The results show that citrus leaf extract treatment significantly reversed the effects of carbon tetrachloride on the body weight changes and liver index. Besides, treatment with citrus leaf extract also reduced the levels of serum liver enzymes and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. H&E staining and western blotting suggested that citrus leaf extract could repair liver histological damage by regulating AMPK and Nrf-2.

Bis (Isothiocyanatomethyl) Benzene, A Plant Derived Anti-Neoplastic Compound: Purified from Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samrat Paul ◽  
Piyali Basak ◽  
Namrata Maity ◽  
Chayan Guha ◽  
Nandan Kumar Jana
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Dimeric Form ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Moringa oleifera lam, commonly known as “Sajina”, is an indigenous species to India. In our folk medicine, it is used for the treatment of Canker (cancer). The Moringa oleifera leaf extract contains many phyto-compounds, with some being anti-neoplastic in nature. Objective: Our preliminary study showed that the leaf extract significantly kills cancer cells compared to normal cells. On searching for the new phyto-compound, Bis-isothiocyanatomethyl) benzene was purified and isolated. Methods: The sequential process of fractional distillation, column chromatography, followed by TLC and HPLC is performed for purification. Every fraction from each step was tested on HeLa cell line for evaluating the presence of the phyto-compound. Results and Conclusion: FTIR peak analysis of a single phyto-compound shows the presence of thiocyanate group, aromatic carbon group. 1H & 13C NMR peak analysis along with High-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS) calculation confirm the chemical structure with IUPAC name [Bis (Isothiocyanatomethyl) benzene]. Previously, Isothiocyanatomethyl- benzene solely or in conjugation with sugar molecule has been reported, but its dimeric form in nature hasnot yet been published anywhere. It shows anticancer activity by retarding cancer cell growth & inhibits carcinogenesis on HeLa, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines by caspase 3 apoptotic pathway and showed comparatively less cytotoxicity to PBMC cell. It shows anticancer activity almost the same as the market available drug Cis-Platin. Therefore, further extrapolating its activity with different concentrations may result in its use as a drug formulation for the treatment of cancer.

scholarly journals SAT0084 SERUM ADIPOKINES PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS TREATED WITH TNF-INHIBITORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 976.2-976
Author(s):  
M. Novella-Navarro ◽  
B. Hernández-Breijo ◽  
F. Genre ◽  
L. Lera-Gómez ◽  
V. Pulito-Cueto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Tnf Inhibitor ◽  
Serum Leptin

Background:In recent years, the relationship between obesity and autoimmune diseases has taken interest, since adipose tissue has been identified as an endocrine organ that secretes cytokines (adipokines), among which leptin stands out as a soluble pro-inflammatory mediator associated with the body mass index (BMI).Objectives:The main objectives of this study are: i) to analyse the influence of BMI on clinical response in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients who initiate TNF-inhibitor (TNFi) therapy; ii) to analyse the differences in the serum profile of adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) according to BMI and their association with response to treatment.Methods:Observational study of a prospective cohort of 73 RA patients who initiated biological treatment with TNFi from the Complex Therapy Unit (CTU) of our Hospital. Patients were classified according to their BMI in normal-weight (BMI<25) and overweight/obesity (O/O) (IMC≥25). Demographic, clinical and laboratory variables were collected at baseline and at 6 months. Our outcome measures were DAS28-VSG remission (DAS28<2.6) at 6 months after TNFi initiation. Serum leptin and adiponectin levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) at baseline and 6 months. A descriptive sample analysis comparing the characteristics of both patient subgroups was performed using Chi-square, T-test for independent samples and U-Mann Whitney. Likewise, a bivariate analysis was carried out by means of binary logistic regression to assess the probable association of the parameters studied with remission.Results:Of the 73 patients studied, 51% were classified in O/O group. The O/O patients presented higher levels of baseline CRP (16.69±6.16 vs 8.74±3.81, p=0.01). No statistically significant differences were observed in the remaining variables (sex, age at the beginning of the TNFi, disease duration, baseline DAS-28), as well as therapeutic variables (use of previous DMARDs and doses of methotrexate and/or steroids). Patients with overweight/obesity presented higher DAS28-ESR values at 6 months of treatment (3.59±1.14 vs 2.93±1.27, p=0.02) and achieved remission less frequently (18.9% vs 48.6%, p=0.007). Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in O/O patients, both baseline (29.39±21.50 vs 13.49±8.78, p<0.001) and 6 months (33.06±22.03 vs 14.77±9.50, p<0.001) after TNFi initiation. In addition, O/O patients were less likely to reach remission at 6 months than normal-weight patients. [OR= 4.04 IC95% (1.40-11.64); p=0.009]. Lower frequency of remission was associated to greater leptin levels at 6 months [OR=0.94 CI95% (0.90-098); p=0.012]. No differences in serum adiponectin were found between both subgroups of patients.Conclusion:In this RA patient cohort, overweight/obesity is associated with i) a reduced response to TNFi therapy and ii) a lower short-term remission rate. Within the adipokine profile, leptin seems to play a relevant role in the maintenance of pro-inflammatory activity with a negative influence on the response to TNFi therapy in O/O patients.References:[1] Versini M. et al. Autoimmun Rev. 2014; 13, 981-1000[2] Toussirot E et al. Life Sci. 2015;140: 29-36.Disclosure of Interests:Marta Novella-Navarro: None declared, Borja Hernández-Breijo: None declared, Fernanda Genre: None declared, Leticia Lera-Gómez: None declared, Verónica Pulito-Cueto: None declared, Laura Nuño: None declared, Alejandro Villalba: None declared, Alejandro Balsa Grant/research support from: BMS, Roche, Consultant of: AbbVie, Gilead, Lilly, Pfizer, UCB, Sanofi, Sandoz, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Lilly, Sanofi, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Roche, Nordic, Sandoz, Chamaida Plasencia: None declared

scholarly journals Change in dietary inflammatory index score is associated with control of long-term rheumatoid arthritis disease activity in a Japanese cohort: the TOMORROW study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinari Matsumoto ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
Yuko Sugioka ◽  
Masahiro Tada ◽  
Tadashi Okano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Inflammatory Change ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Low Disease Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background The dietary inflammatory index (DII®), a quantitative measure of the inflammatory potential of daily food and nutrient intake, and associations between a variety of health outcomes have been reported. However, the association between DII score and disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to test whether higher DII score contributes to disease activity and as a corollary, whether reducing DII score helps to achieve or maintain low disease activity or remission in patients with RA. Methods We performed a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis using 6 years of data (from 2011 to 2017) in TOMORROW, a cohort study consisting of 208 RA patients and 205 gender- and age-matched controls started in 2010. Disease activity of RA patients was assessed annually using DAS28-ESR (disease activity score 28 joints and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate) as a composite measure based on arthritic symptoms in 28 joints plus global health assessment and ESR. Dietary data were collected in 2011 and 2017 using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII™) score was calculated using 26 nutrients derived from the BDHQ. Data were analyzed with two-group comparisons, correlation analysis, and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results One hundred and seventy-seven RA patients and 183 controls, for whom clinical and dietary survey data were available, were analyzed. RA patients had significantly higher E-DII (pro-inflammatory) score compared to controls both in 2011 and 2017 (p < 0.05). In RA patients, E-DII score was not a factor associated with significant change in disease activity. However, anti-inflammatory change in E-DII score was associated maintaining low disease activity (DAS28-ESR ≤ 3.2) or less for 6 years (OR 3.46, 95% CI 0.33–8.98, p = 0.011). Conclusions The diets of RA patients had a higher inflammatory potential than controls. Although E-DII score was not a factor associated with significant disease activity change, anti-inflammatory change in E-DII score appeared to be associated with maintaining low disease activity in patients with RA. Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000003876. Registered 7 Aug 2010—retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals AB1326-HPR TOBACCO ADDICTION IN PEOPLE WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS – FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1952.2-1952
Author(s):  
B. A. Esbensen ◽  
I. K. Roelsgaard ◽  
S. K. Larsen ◽  
T. Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tobacco Addiction

Background:Smoking is one of the most significant modifiable exosomes risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (1). Studies suggest that 25-30% of people with RA in Denmark smoke (2). This is almost twice as many as in the background population in Denmark. People with RA have a significant increased risk of severe comorbidity including cardiovascular disease. In addition, there are indications that smokers with RA have a poorer effect of the medical inflammatory treatment compared to non-smokers, and consequently more difficult to achieve remission of the disease activity (3). Tobacco addiction is complex and can be a challenge in smoking cessation. In addition to physiological dependence, habits and social and environmental factors may influence addiction. Tobacco smoking is associated with an addiction to nicotine and it is unexplored how this addiction appears in people with RA.Objectives:The aim of this study was to examine from the patient’s perspective how tobacco addiction appears in people with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods:We conducted a qualitative study based on a hermeneutics approach. People with RA who previously had participated in a randomized controlled study (4) about smoking cessation conducted at the Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases at Rigshospitalet, Denmark were recruited for semi-structured interviews.Results:In total, 12 people with RA (50% female) were included in the study. The median age was 62 years and median RA disease duration was 12 years. The degree of physical dependence measured by Fagerströms Test for Nicotine dependence (FTND) was on average: 4.9 (score: 0-10, 0=nonphysical dependence).Three categories of how tobacco addiction appeared emerged during the analysis: 1)It develops into ingrown habitsreferring to the fact that smoking already in adolescence contributes to the development of specific physical, mental and social smoking behavior. Not all individuals considered themselves addicted to nicotine as they did not necessarily connect the nicotine to the ingrown habits. 2)The body craves for nicotinereferring to nicotine proved calming, while a lacking or insufficient dose caused withdrawal symptoms. Furthermore, smoking became a habit where a craving for smoking occurred in certain situations. 3)Ambivalence – for and againstreferring to the physical dependence and smoking habits making a smoking cessation difficult. Dependency to nicotine and challenges to quit smoking led to a feeling of ambivalence and a lack of control.Conclusion:Tobacco addiction appeared as a physical dependence and a habit, which, during a smoking cessation, led to ambivalent feelings. Therefore, based on this study, there is still a need for health professionals to talk to patients about smoking. But also, a need to articulate the complexity of addiction in order to support for smoking cessations. Information should be strengthened in the clinical practice in relation to nicotine’s implication in tobacco addiction as well as the consequences of tobacco smoking for individuals with RA.References:[1]Scott DL, Wolfe F, Huizinga TW. Lancet. 2010 ###[2]Loppenthin K, Esbensen BA, Jennum P, Ostergaard M, Tolver A, Thomsen T, et al. Clin Rheumatol. 2015. ###[3]Roelsgaard IK, Ikdahl E, Rollefstad S, Wibetoe G, Esbensen BA, Kitas GD, et al. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2019. ###[4]Roelsgaard IK, Thomsen T, Ostergaard M, Christensen R, Hetland ML, Jacobsen S, et al. Trials. 2017;18(1):570.###Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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