scholarly journals Heavy Metal, Aflatoxin, Pesticide Residue, Microbial Analysis of Siddha Polyherbal Formulation Veppampoo mathirai

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
S. M. Chitra ◽  
N. Anbu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pesticide Residue ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
Safety Parameters ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Indian Medicine

Aim: The polyherbal siddha formulation veppampoo Mathirai is effective in regulating blood pressure but its safety is not known. The heavy metal, aflatoxins, pesticide residue, microbial count have not been evaluated so far. The current study evaluated the above parameters. The present study was aimed to evaluate the safety parameters (heavy metal, aflatoxin, pesticide residue and microbial profile) of Veppampoo Mathirai. Materials and Methods: According to AYUSH [Ayurveda, yoga, unani, siddha, naturopathy] Pharmacopoeial laboratory for Indian medicine (PLIM) guidelines, the formulation was evaluated for its safety parameters at Noble research solutions, kolathur, Chennai, accredited with ISO 9001: 2015.Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) was used for testing heavy metals and aflatoxins were tested using Thin layer chromatography(TLC). The Pesticide residues content was estimated by GC/MS while microbial count by pour plate method. Results: The study revealed presence of heavy metals mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium within the recommended limit as per AYUSH Pharmacopoeial Laboratory for Indian Medicine Guidelines whereas presence of Aflatoxin, pesticide residues and microbes were absent in the sample which showed the formulation Veppampoo Mathirai (VPM) was free from toxicity. Conclusion: VPM showed heavy metal content below the permissible limit as per PLIM guidelines of AYUSH. Aflatoxins and pesticide residue were not detected while the microbes and specific pathogens were absent in the current batch of VPM. Hence, the present study ensures the formulation was safe for therapeutic use.

scholarly journals Relationship between heavy metal exposure and type 2 diabetes: a large-scale retrospective cohort study using occupational health examinations

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e039541
Author(s):  
Jun Ho Ji ◽  
Mi Hyeon Jin ◽  
Jung-Hun Kang ◽  
Soon Il Lee ◽  
Suee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between heavy metal exposure and serum ferritin levels, physical measurements and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingChangwon, the location of this study, is a Korean representative industrial city. Data were obtained from medical check-ups between 2002 and 2018.ParticipantsA total of 34 814 male subjects were included. Of them, 1035 subjects with lead exposure, 200 subjects with cadmium exposure and the 33 579 remaining were assigned to cohort A, cohort B and the control cohort, respectively. Data including personal history of alcohol and smoking, age, height, weight, the follow-up duration, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), ferritin levels, and lead and cadmium levels within 1 year after exposure were collected.Primary outcome measureIn subjects without diabetes, changes in FBS and HbA1c were analysed through repeated tests at intervals of 1 year or longer after the occupational exposure to heavy metals.ResultsIn Cohort A, DM was diagnosed in 33 subjects. There was a significant difference in lead concentrations between the subjects diagnosed with DM and those without DM during the follow-up period (3.94±2.92 mg/dL vs 2.81±2.03 mg/dL, p=0.002). Simple exposure to heavy metals (lead and cadmium) was not associated with DM in Cox regression models (lead exposure (HR) 1.01, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.77, p 0.971; cadmium exposure HR 1.48, 95% CI: 0.61 to 3.55, p=0.385). Annual changes in FBS according to lead concentration at the beginning of exposure showed a positive correlation (r=0.072, p=0.032).ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that simple occupational exposure to heavy metals lead and cadmium was not associated with the incidence of DM. However, lead concentrations at the beginning of the exposure might be an indicator of DM and glucose elevations.

scholarly journals Organic Versus Conventional – a Comparative Study on Quality and Nutritive Value of Selected Vegetable Crops of Southern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
JR Xavier ◽  
V Mythri ◽  
R Nagaraj ◽  
VCP Ramakrishna ◽  
PE Patki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

Vegetables are defined as edible plant parts generally consumed raw or cooked with a main dish, in a mixed dish, as an appetizer or as a salad. Food safety aspects related to microbial quality (total plate count, yeast and mold and food borne pathogens) and toxic residue (heavy metals) and mineral content were investigated for vegetables such as green leafy vegetable, salad vegetables, sprouts, brinjal, green chilies and French beans collected from organic and conventional outlets from Mysore region, Karnataka, India. Microbial analysis was carried out using standard procedures and mminerals (Ca, K, Fe, Cu, Mg, Mn and Zn) and heavy metals (Cd and Pb) were determined. Significant variations (p>0.05) were observed for microbial quality among organic and conventional vegetables. Mineral and vitamin C content were also significantly higher (p>0.01) in organic samples. Heavy metal contamination for lead and cadmium tested positive for conventional samples while organic samples tested negative. The variables that contributed most for the variability were heavy metal contamination, mineral and vitamin C content. Organically grown vegetables were free from heavy metals and safe for consumption, as well as they are rich in mineral and vitamin C content in comparison to conventional samples. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 99-116 (2020)

scholarly journals Contamination of soil and street dust with lead and cadmium near a lead smelter at Arnhem, Netherlands.

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
M.G. Keizer ◽  
M. Hooghiemstra-Tielbeek ◽  
F.A.M. de Haan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Street Dust ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Lead Smelter ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Dust Fraction

An investigation was carried out into lead and cadmium pollution of soil and street dust in the vicinity of a secondary lead smelter in Arnhem, Netherlands. A significant correlation was found between the Pb content of the soil and the distance from the smelter. In the sampling area 1 km around the smelter the average Pb content was 370 mg/kg in the 0-5 cm soil layer and 256 mg/kg in the 5-20 cm soil layer. Mean Cd contents were 1.60 and 1.28 mg/kg, respectively. Correlation between the contents in both layers was low for Pb and high for Cd, owing to different solubilities of the metals. There was a weak relationship between the Pb and Cd contents of the soil, suggesting that only part of the metals originated from the same source. Mean heavy metal concentrations in street dust (fraction < 0.3 mm) were 761 mg Pb/kg and 3.81 mg Cd/kg. Correlation between both heavy metals in street dust was high, suggesting the same sources of pollution (mainly traffic). The most important sources of Pb and Cd pollution in the area were the lead smelter and traffic. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Determination of heavy metals and pesticide residues level in selected sundried and smoked vegetables from Aizawl market

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
C. Malsawmtluangi ◽  
B. Lalzamliana ◽  
Klaudi K. Vaiphei
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Permissible Limits

Sundried and smoked vegetables constitute major parts of the Mizo cuisine. Heavy metals and pesticides can be present in vegetables and cause many diseases including cancer. The objective of this study is to determine the concentration of heavy metal and pesticide residues in commonly consumed sundried and smoked vegetables from Aizawl market. Since cancer is prevailing at a high rate in Mizoram, it also aims to study whether there is any link between cancer and these vegetables. The concentrations of heavy metals were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy and pesticide residues levels were analyzed using gas chromatography. This study reveals that the levels of heavy metals tested were within the permissible limits in all the vegetable samples, except for cadmium. Since cadmium exceeds the permissible limit, it can pose health risk for the consumers. The pesticide residues found in the tested samples were all within permissible limits. However, the amount and duration of consumption need to be considered as this can be a predisposing factor for cancer and other diseases.

scholarly journals Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Dan Kadmium (Cd) Pada Air, Sedimen Dan Organ Mangrove Di Perairan Tulehu

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
NUR ALIM NATSIR ◽  
YUSRIANTI HANIKE ◽  
MUHAMMAD RIJAL ◽  
SUHAEDIR BACHTIAR
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
And Control

Differences in the accumulation of heavy metals lead and cadmium in water, sediments and mangrove organs (roots, stems and leaves) found in the waters of Tulehu, Maluku Province. Samples were taken from three observation stations, namely stopping ships that are not operating (station 1), Tulehu harbor (station 2) and Control (station 3). Pb and Cd were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Pb and Cd content in sediments is higher than in water. The highest Pb and Cd content is found in the stems then in the roots and leaves (stems> roots> leaves). Mangroves are one of the aquatic organisms that have the ability to absorb heavy metals in the aquatic environment. Key words: Mangrove, Pb, Cd, Heavy Metal

scholarly journals AAS DETECTION OF HEAVY METAL IN SHEEP CHEESE (THE BANAT AREA, ROMANIA)

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gogoaşă ◽  
I. Gergen ◽  
Maria Rada ◽  
D. Parvul ◽  
Camelia Ciobanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Iron Manganese

. In this paper we present results of the measurement of some heavy metals in sheep cheese samples from three hill and alpine areas in the Banat area. We analysed, using flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, the following heavy metals: Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd. The concentration ranges in the cheese samples were: 7.22-8.85, 1.36-1.83, 17.39-23.17, 0.691-0.886, 0.020-0.102, 0.002-0.010, 0,214-0.225, 0.193-0.314 and 0.001-0.003 mg/kg for iron, manganese, zinc, cooper, cobalt, nickel, chromium, lead and cadmium, respectively. Analysing experimental data shows that the specific soil and climate factors in the area favour cheese assortments with normal heavy metal contents under the form of essential elements and of low concentrations of heavy metals potentially toxic or toxic much below admitted toxicity levels.

Biomass Allocation and Heavy Metal Distribution in Different Varieties of Maize (Zea Mays L.) under Lead and Cadmium Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 1152-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deng Gao Fu ◽  
Chun Jing Song ◽  
Chang Qun Duan ◽  
Cheng Tao Liu ◽  
Li Na Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
National Guidance ◽  
Reproductive Biomass ◽  
Vegetative Biomass ◽  
Different Levels

The effects of low non-lethal levels of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) on biomass allocation, relationship between vegetative biomass and reproductive biomass, and heavy metal distributions in plant were investigated for three varieties of maize (Zea mays L.). Results showed that significant two-way interactions between variety and heavy-metal application were the main source of variation of biomass allocation. Different levels of Pb and Cd applications did not cause relatively more biomass to be allocated reproductive biomass in three varieties, indicating that heavy-metal applications did not change the reproductive allometry. Although the concentrations of Pb and Cd in grains were lower than other organs, Pb and Cd concentrations of grains under higher heavy-metal treatments exceeded the national guidance limit for three varieties of maize, suggesting heavy metal pollution may pose risks to human health.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals from Paper Mill Effluent Soil Using Croton sparsiflorus

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ashok Kumar ◽  
S. Jothiramalingam ◽  
S.K. Thiyagarajan ◽  
T. Hidhayathullakhan ◽  
R. Nalini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Metallic Cations ◽  
Metal Load ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Iron Manganese

Effluents from industries contain appreciable amount of metallic cations like zinc, copper, iron, manganese, lead and cadmium. Release of heavy metal without proper treatment poses a significant threat to public health because of its persistence biomagnifications and accumulation in food chain. To reduce metal pollution problems many processes have been developed for the treatment and disposal of metal containing wastes. Certain plants have the ability to accumulate heavy metals such as Pb, Cr, Cd and Zn. At present, phytoremediation of metals may be approaching commercialization. Hence, possibility can be explored to remove heavy metal load, present even in low concentration, in waste water of paper mill effluent soil by using Croton sparsiflorus.

scholarly journals Lead and cadmium induced cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on HL-60 and Jurkat cell lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Esmeralda Dautović ◽  
Maida Šljivić Husejnović ◽  
Martina Bergant ◽  
Damir Sabitović ◽  
Nahida Srabović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Jurkat Cell ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Metal Mixtures ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Lack Of Information

Humans are exposed to a cocktail of heavy metal toxicants in the environment. Though heavy metals are detrimental, there is a lack of information on the toxicity of mixtures. In this study, two common heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were introduced individually and as mixtures to HL-60 and JURKAT cell lines for 24 hours. The study established that exposures to these two heavy metals induced cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on both cell lines. Also, cadmium exhibited a higher cytotoxic and genotoxic potential than lead. The cytotoxicity data of single metals were used to determine the mixtures interaction profile by using the effect additivity method. Metal mixtures showed synergistic effect in HL-60 cells and antagonistic effect in JURKAT cells, compared to individual metals. The combined effects should be considered in the risk assessment of heavy metal co-exposure and potency.

scholarly journals Analysis of Leading Metal (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) Content Green Shells (perna viridis L.) in the Kreneng Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
A. A. Istri Mirah Dharmadewi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Perna Viridis ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Wet Ashing ◽  
Maximum Limit

This research was conducted to determine the content of heavy metals lead (Pb) and  Cadmium (Cd) in green shells circulating in the kreneng market. Samples of green shells were taken from the kreneng market, Bali. Then analysis of the content of lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) in the Analytical Laboratory of Udayana University. Samples of green mussels (Perna viridis L.) Were opened from the shell to take the meat. Furthermore, the sample is mashed by chopping and pounding and put into erlenmeyer. Each sample was given 3 repetitions using the factorial pattern RAL. Then with a wet ashing process (wet destruction). The results showed that the heavy metal content of lead and cadmium in green mussels (Perna viridis L.) Exceeded the maximum limit of heavy metal contamination. The heavy metal content of lead (Pb) shellfish taken at the Kreneng Market is 29.595 mg / kg while the heavy metal content of cadmium (Cd) taken at the Kreneng market is 3.41 mg / kg the result of the heavy metal content analyzed exceeds the predetermined by the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document