scholarly journals Physico-chemical Alterations and Hydrocarbon Characteristics of Kom-Kom Oil Spill Soils

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
I. M. Onyejekwe ◽  
L. C. Osuji ◽  
E. O. Nwaichi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Rivers State

Aims: The aim of this study is to find the alterations that occurred in the physico-chemical properties and the hydrocarbon content on the crude oil impacted soil in Kom-Kom, Oyigbo, Rivers State Niger Delta, Nigeria. Study Design: The objectives included to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters of the spilled soil, determine the hydrocarbon content and that of some selected heavy metals. This will help create a baseline data on the environmental status of the area. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out after an oil spill occurred in Feburary, 2018 at Kom-Kom, Oyigbo, Rivers State, Nigeria. Methodology: The soil samples were obtained randomly at 30cm depth using soil auger from three plots: PA and PB being the plots around the oil spill impacted area and PC being the control area which is about 200m away. Laboratory analyses were carried out on the Physicochemical Parameters (pH, Electric Conductivity, Potassium (K), Phosphate (P), Nitrate (N)); Organics (Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC), Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC)) and Heavy Metals (Iron (PB), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Vanadium (V)). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and One-Way ANOVA. Results: pH, K and P values were all significantly different from their respective control values (p ≤0.05). All organic parameters were also significantly different from the control values (p ≤0.05). For heavy metals, only Cr and V values were significantly different in all study sites (p ≤0.05). This study shows that crude oil spill alters the physicochemical attributes of the soil and could significantly affect soil fertility as the people of Kom-Kom are mostly farmers and traders. Conclusion: With these levels of alteration, this study will serve as a resourceful data source for soil studies in Kom Kom. In order to achieve the third sustainable development goal (SDG) which is to have good health and well-being of people, we recommend immediate and proper clean up using bioremediation approaches as a cheap, eco-friendly and an environmentally sustainable process.

scholarly journals Bioremediation Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 on Crude Oil Spill Polluted Marshland and Terrestrial Soil Treated with Oil Spill Dispersant

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Renner Renner Nrior ◽  
Augusta Ogechi Inweregbu
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Total Hydrocarbon Content

Aim: To investigate bioremediation potentiality of Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 on crude oil Polluted Marshland and Terrestrial Soil treated with oil spill dispersant Study Design: The study employs experimental design, statistical analysis of data and interpretation. Place and Duration of the Study: Soil samples were collected from K-Dere, Gokana L.G.A, and were transported to the Microbiology Laboratory of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria for analyses while Oil spill dispersant (OSD/LT and OSD/Seacare) were from Barker and Hughes Nig Ltd (formally mil park Nigeria limited), all in Rivers state, Nigeria. This investigation study lasted for 28 days and sampling was done every 7day period. Methodology: Eight experimental set up were carried out using Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 as the bio-augmenting organism in terrestrial and marshland soil contaminated with two Oil spill dispersant (OSD/LT and OSD/Seacare) separately. Controls for the two soil types were made without organism and treatment. Its bioremediation potential on the pollutants and two types of soil were monitored for 28 days. The setup was tilled twice a week to provide moisture and more oxygen for the organisms to thrive. Analysis of pH, Temperature, Moisture content, Total Hydrocarbon Content, Total Heterotrophic Bacteria, Dispersant Utilizing Bacteria was carried out at weekly intervals. Results: The pH of both soils ranged from 5.75 to 7.37; temperature from 270C to 340C; moisture content 03 to 0.6 across the soil samples. Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) showed a steady decline from day 1 – 28. The percentage (%) bioremediation rates of polluted soils were as follows: Terrestrial soil+OSD/Seacare+Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 69.4% > Terrestrial soil+OSD/LT+ Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 65.9% > Marshland soil+OSD/Seacare+ Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 52.6% > Marshland soil+OSD/Seacare+ Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 47.6%. Dispersant utilizing bacterial count in marshland and terrestrial soil ranged from 6.013 to 7.338 log10Cfu/g and 6.045 to 7.301 log10Cfu/g respectively from Day 1 to 28. Conclusion:  From the investigation, it revealed that Oil spill dispersants are more degradable in terrestrial soil than marshland soil. OSD/Seacare is more biodegradable than OSD/LT in both terrestrial and marshland soil augmented with Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570. Thus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 have been found to be a potential bioremediation agent in oil spill dispersant polluted marshland and terrestrial soil.

scholarly journals Pollution Scenario due to Discharge of Effluent from Agrochemicals and Pesticides Manufacturing Industries of Dombivali Industrial Belt of Mumbai, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
P.U. Singare ◽  
S.S. Dhabarde
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Physico Chemical

The paper deals with monitoring of pollution arising due to agrochemicals and pesticides manufacturing industries located along the Dombivali industrial belt of Mumbai, India. The study was carried for the period of one year from June, 2012 to May, 2013 to study the level of toxic heavy metals and the physico-chemical properties of waste water effluents discharged from the above industries. The average concentration of Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Zn was found to be maximum of 29.86, 0.90, 1.16 and 1.19 ppm respectively in summer season, while average Fe concentration was maximum of 51.10 ppm in winter season. The average pH value of the effluent was found to be maximum of 12.95 in summer season, while average conductivity value was maximum of 21085 µmhos/cm in rainy season. The majority of physco-chemical parameters like alkalinity, hardness, salinity, chloride, cyanide, phosphate, total solid, BOD and COD content were found to be maximum in summer season having the average values of 1918, 186, 4, 11.20, 0.07, 81, 6391, 685 and 2556 ppm respectively. The average DO content was found to be low of 4.5 ppm in winter season. It was observed that the concentration level of majority of the toxic heavy metals and physico-chemical properties were above the tolerable limit set for inland surface water. The results of present study indicates that the existing situation if mishandled can cause irreparable ecological harm in the long term well masked by short term economic prosperity due to extensive industrial growth

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF LEACHATE AT IHIAGWA DUMPSITE, IMO STATE NIGERIA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE WATER POLLUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
CT Nelson ◽  
GT Amangabara ◽  
CO Owuama ◽  
CN Nzeh ◽  
CN Uyo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Total Chloride ◽  
Metal Cyanide ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Open dumpsite is the most common way to eliminate solid urban wastes in this part of the world. An important problem associated to landfills and open dumpsite is the production of leachates. The leachates from these dumpsites have many toxic substances, which may adversely affect the environmental health. Thus in order to have a better management of characteristics of Ihiagwa-Nekede waste dump leachates, representative leachate samples were collected and analyzed for Physico-chemical properties and levels of heavy metals in them. Results indicate pH7.38, temperature 28.30 ℃ - 28.40℃, total dissolved solid 124.01mg/l-125.45mg/l, magnesium hardness 4.40mg/l-7.32mg/l, sulphate 3.60mg/l-3.70mg/l, and nitrate 27.00mg/l-27.60mg/l. Other parameters indicated as follows Conductivity1910𝜇𝑠/𝑐𝑚-1930.00 𝜇𝑠/𝑐𝑚, total chloride 891.72mg/l-891.74mg/l, carbonate 1708.00mg/l-1904.00mg/l, Ammonia 9.39mg/l-9.40mg/l, calcium hardness 373.17mg/l-375.61mg/l, total solid 2423.00mg/l-2454.00mg/l, phosphate 13.52mg/l-13.54mg/l. The heavy metal: cyanide 2.25mg/l-2.33mg/l, zinc 18.08mg/l-18.38mg/l, copper 19.90mg/l20.48mg/l, iron10.67mg/l-10.82mg/l, lead 1.27mg/l-1.41mg/l, and manganese 3.00mg/l-3.61mg/l, all these exceeded the WHO standards. The obtained results showed that the landfill leachates are characterized by high concentrations of heavy metals and other disease causing elements and therefore require urgent treatment to forestall the contamination of groundwater system and the nearby Otamiri River.

scholarly journals Empirical Characterization of Heavy Metals in Crude Oil Spill Sites in Emohua, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Nnamdi Michael Ahiamadu ◽  
Ify L. Nwaogazie ◽  
Yusuf O. L. Momoh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Petroleum Resource ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Pb Concentration

The study assessed the concentration of heavy metals in three oil spill sites in Emohua local government area in Rivers State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected at depth 0-30cm for surface soil samples and up to 10m for sub-surface soil samples depending on the depth of borehole. Groundwater samples were collected from drilled boreholes while the surface water samples were collected from fishponds or water bodies (rivers) close to the oil spill sites. The samples taken from the oil spill sites were analysed to determine the level of concentration of 10 Department of Petroleum Resource (DPR) specified heavy metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ba, Ni, Hg, As, and Co). BUCK Scientific Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used in detecting the concentration of the heavy metals. For the surface soil, Pb concentration in site A and B were significantly higher than what was obtained at site C, with a mean concentration of 219.70, 130.01 and 3.41mg/kg respectively for the three sites. The mean lead (Pb) concentration obtained in the surface soil was within DPR and United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) acceptable limits. Barium also has significant concentration in both the surface soil and sub-surface soil. Kruskal Wallis test indicated significant difference in the Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr and Ba concentration in surface/topsoil among the three sites and also indicated significant difference in the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Ba and As in sub-surface soil among the sites. Little heavy metal concentration was found in both the groundwater and surface water. The study showed that even if some heavy metals were detected at the oil spill sites, they do not pose any serious health risk, as all the heavy metals in the four environmental media at the three sampling sites were below the national limit stipulated by the Department of Petroleum Resource (DPR), Nigeria.

Physico-Chemical properties, heavy metals and their relations in cultivated landfill soils dumped with municipal solid wastes

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mitra ◽  
P Bhattacharyya ◽  
K Chakrabarti ◽  
DJ Chattopadhyay ◽  
A Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Physico Chemical

scholarly journals Earthworms Converting Milk Processing Industry Sludge into Biomanure

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satveer Singh ◽  
Sartaj A. Bhat ◽  
Jaswinder Singh ◽  
Rajinder Kaur ◽  
Adarsh P. Vig
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Cocoon Production ◽  
Milk Processing ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Minimum Ratio

Aims and Objectives:The present study was conducted to utilize the Milk Processing Industry Sludge (MPIS) for the purpose of vermicomposting, in two sets of experimentsviz. with earthworms (ME) and without earthworms (MW).Methods and Materials:Twenty young non-clitellatedEisenia fetidawere released in each tray. The various parameters like growth, clitellum development, biomass, cocoon production and hatchlings ofE. fetidawere observed after every 15 days, during 90 days of vermicomposting.Results:The maximum growth and better responses were observed in ME25mixtures of MPIS which was the minimum ratio of the waste to CD. The physico-chemical analysis (pH, EC, TKN, TOC, C/N ratio, TAP, TK, TNa) and heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb) were also done before and after vermicomposting process. There was a significant increase in TKN (23-46%), and TAP (39-47%), and a decrease in pH (6.2-6.8%), EC (24.6-37.2%), TOC (16.8-37.9%), C/N ratio (23.8-97.9%), TK (26.6-40.6%), and TNa (31.3-53%) and heavy metals (Cr 30.9-40.6%, Cu 32.7-44.6%, Mn 23.9-36.3%, and Pb 32.6-42.9%) from initial to final feed mixtures with earthworms.Conclusion:Thus the final vermicompost had excellent physico-chemical properties with all nutrients in plant available forms. The study further strengthens that the vermicomposting is an efficient technique in converting MPIS into nutrient rich biomanure in a short period of timei.e. 90 days.

scholarly journals Impacts of Anthropological Activities on Soils of Some Parts of Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
W. P. Wanjala ◽  
L. Odokuma ◽  
I. Etela ◽  
R. Ramkat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Ethyl Benzene ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
The Impact

The study is a post project implementation Environmental Monitoring (EM) of impacts of anthropological activities on levels of soil physicochemical parameters. The study evaluates levels of physicochemical parameters in soils of 9 locations in Port Harcourt and its environs in Rivers State, Nigeria, grouped into 3 categories; urbanized, industrialized and agricultural. Composite soil samples were collected between April to October 2018. Concentration levels of Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl-benzene, and Xylene (BTEX), Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), Percent Total Organic Carbon (% TOC), Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), Calcium (Ca), Nickel (Ni), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Chromium (Cr), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), and Sulphur (S) in soil was measured using standard analytical procedures. The study evaluates the impact magnitude (IM) of the obtained test values against control values. In industrial area, BTEX recorded the highest Impact Magnitude (IM) of 100% while TOC and TPH recorded 100.00% and 88.89% respectfully, and were classified as severely impacted (S). In the agricultural areas, TOC and Ni recorded IM of 88.89% while BTEX had an IM of 77.78% which were highest and were classified as severe impact (S). In urbanized areas, Ni and (Phosphate) PO43- recorded the highest IM of 88.89% and were classified as severe (S). The study establishes that urbanization, industrialization and agricultural activities do affect the level of physicochemical parameters in the study areas. Activities in industrial areas negatively impact on levels of BTEX, % TOC and TPH in soils. Activities in agricultural areas negatively impacted on levels of BTEX, NO3-, NO2- and SO42- in soils, and activities in urban areas negatively impact on levels of Ni, PO43-, Zn, Mn, TPH, % TOC and Ca in soils of the study areas. These findings form a reliable baseline data for future researchers in EM in the study areas. The study recommends EM of soil physicochemical parameters in the study area in order to ensure a healthy soil for food production in order for realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); Good Health and well-being, and sustainable cities and communities.

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