scholarly journals Information Content of the Model for Calculating the Finite Precision of Measurements

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Boris Menin
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Physical Theory ◽  
Measurement Process ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Finite Precision ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Achievable Accuracy ◽  
Conscious Observer

Aims: We argue that the choice of a specific qualitative–quantitative set of variables in a model by a conscious observer fundamentally limits the achievable accuracy of the measurement process. Place and Duration of Study: Mechanical & Refrigeration Consultation Expert, between January 2020 and July 2020. Methodology: Using the concept of “finite information quantities” introduced by Gisin, we try to present it as a practical tool in science and engineering in calculating the proximity indicator of a model to the phenomenon being studied. Results: The formulated metric (comparative uncertainty) allows us to set the optimal achievable uncertainty of the model and to confirm the impossibility of implementing the principle of infinite precision. Conclusion: Any attempt to search for a universal physical theory must consider the uncertainty caused by the observer’s vision and the working of the human brain.

APPLICATION OF RELEVANCE VECTOR MACHINE IN SEISMIC ATTENUATION PREDICTION

2007 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 299-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIJUSH SAMUI
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Relevance Vector Machine ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Data Sensitivity

The recently introduced relevance vector machine (RVM) technique is applied to predict seismic attenuation based on rock properties. The RVM provides much sparser regressors without compromising performance, and kernel bases give a small but worthwhile improvement in performance. It evades complexity by producing models that have structure and as a result parameterization process that is appropriate to the information content of the data. Sensitivity analysis has been also performed to investigate the importance of each of the input parameters. The results show that RVM approach has the potential to be a practical tool for determination of seismic attenuation.

The Classical World

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Penrose ◽  
Martin Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Physical Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
Classical Physics ◽  
The Status ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Physical Principles

What need we know of the workings of Nature in order to appreciate how consciousness may be part of it? Does it really matter what are the laws that govern the constituent elements of bodies and brains? If our conscious perceptions are merely the enacting of algorithms, as many AI supporters would have us believe, then it would not be of much relevance what these laws actually are. Any device which is capable of acting out an algorithm would be as good as any other. Perhaps, on the other hand, there is more to our feelings of awareness than mere algorithms. Perhaps the detailed way in which we are constituted is indeed of relevance, as are the precise physical laws that actually govern the substance of which we are composed. Perhaps we shall need to understand whatever profound quality it is that underlies the very nature of matter, and decrees the way in which all matter must behave. Physics is not yet at such a point. There are many mysteries to be unravelled and many deep insights yet to be gained. Yet, most physicists and physiologists would judge that we already know enough about those physical laws that are relevant to the workings of such an ordinary-sized object as a human brain. While it is undoubtedly the case that the brain is exceptionally complicated as a physical system, and a vast amount about its detailed structure and relevant operation is not yet known, few would claim that it is in the physical principles underlying its behaviour that there is any significant lack of understanding. I shall later argue an unconventional case that, on the contrary, we do not yet understand physics sufficiently well that the functioning of our brains can be adequately described in terms of it, even in principle. To make this case, it will be necessary for me first to provide some overview of the status of present physical theory. This chapter is concerned with what is called ‘classical physics’, which includes both Newton’s mechanics and Einstein’s relativity.

scholarly journals Semantic Web Technologies for Data Curation and Provenance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Brown
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Measurement Process ◽  
Data Curation ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Meta Data ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
The World

The Reproducibility issue even if not a crisis, is still a major problem in the world of science and engineering. Within metrology, making measurements at the limits that science allows for, inevitably, factors not originally considered relevant can be very relevant. Who did the measurement? How exactly did they do it? Was a mistake made? Was the equipment working correctly? All these factors can influence the outputs from a measurement process. In this work we investigate the use of Semantic Web technologies as a strategic basis on which to capture provenance meta-data and the data curation processes that will lead to a better understanding of issues affecting reproducibility.

scholarly journals The Technical Buzzword: Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Banya Arabi Sahoo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Real World ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Real ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Real World Problem ◽  
John Mccarthy ◽  
The World

AI is the incredibly exciting technique to the world. According to John McCarthy it is “The science and engineering of making intelligent machine, especially intelligent computers”. AI is the way of creating extraordinary powerful machine which is similar as human being. The AI is being accomplished by studying how human brain think, how they learn, decide, work, solving the real world problem and after that verify the outcomes and studying it. Primarily you can learn here what AI is and how it works, its types, its history, its agents, its applications, its advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals The Technical Buzzword: Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Banya Arabi Sahoo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Real World ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Real ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Real World Problem ◽  
John Mccarthy ◽  
The World

AI is the incredibly exciting technique to the world. According to John McCarthy it is “The science and engineering of making intelligent machine, especially intelligent computers”. AI is the way of creating extraordinary powerful machine which is similar as human being. The AI is being accomplished by studying how human brain think, how they learn, decide, work, solving the real world problem and after that verify the outcomes and studying it. Primarily you can learn here what AI is and how it works, its types, its history, its agents, its applications, its advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals HESS Opinions "The art of hydrology"*

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. G. Savenije
Keyword(s):  
Physical Theory ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Flexible Models ◽  
Modelling Process

Abstract. Hydrological modelling is the same as developing and encoding a hydrological theory. A hydrological model is not a tool but a hypothesis. The whole discussion about the inadequacy of hydrological models we have witnessed of late, is related to the wrong concept of what a model is. Good models don't exist. Instead of looking for the "best" model, we should aim at developing better models. The process of modelling should be top-down, learning from the data while at the same time connection should be established with underlying physical theory (bottom-up). As a result of heterogeneity occurring at all scales in hydrology, there always remains a need for calibration of models. This implies that we need tailor-made and site-specific models. Only flexible models are fit for this modelling process, as opposed to most of the established software or "one-size-fits-all" models. The process of modelling requires imagination, inspiration, creativity, ingenuity, experience and skill. These are qualities that belong to the field of art. Hydrology is an art as much as it is science and engineering.

scholarly journals An improved ATAC-seq protocol reduces background and enables interrogation of frozen tissues

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ryan Corces ◽  
Alexandro E. Trevino ◽  
Emily G. Hamilton ◽  
Peyton G. Greenside ◽  
Nicholas A. Sinnott-Armstrong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Background Ratio ◽  
Frozen Tissue ◽  
Dna Elements ◽  
Translational Studies

ABSTRACTWe present Omni-ATAC, an improved ATAC-seq protocol for chromatin accessibility profiling that works across multiple applications with substantial improvement of signal-to-background ratio and information content. The Omni-ATAC protocol enables chromatin accessibility profiling from archival frozen tissue samples and 50 μm sections, revealing the activities of disease-associated DNA elements in distinct human brain structures. The Omni-ATAC protocol enables the interrogation of personal regulomes in tissue context and translational studies.

Language processing is not a race against time

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giosuè Baggio ◽  
Carmelo M. Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Language System ◽  
Moderating Factors

AbstractWe agree with Christiansen & Chater (C&C) that language processing and acquisition are tightly constrained by the limits of sensory and memory systems. However, the human brain supports a range of cognitive functions that mitigate the effects of information processing bottlenecks. The language system is partly organised around these moderating factors, not just around restrictions on storage and computation.

Applications of Scanning Microscopy in Biomedical Research

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
T. L. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Content Information ◽  
Sectioned Tissue

Biomedical applications of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) have increased in number quite rapidly over the last several years. Studies have been made of cells, whole mount tissue, sectioned tissue, particles, human chromosomes, microorganisms, dental enamel and skeletal material. Many of the advantages of using this instrument for such investigations come from its ability to produce images that are high in information content. Information about the chemical make-up of the specimen, its electrical properties and its three dimensional architecture all may be represented in such images. Since the biological system is distinctive in its chemistry and often spatially scaled to the resolving power of the SEM, these images are particularly useful in biomedical research.In any form of microscopy there are two parameters that together determine the usefulness of the image. One parameter is the size of the volume being studied or resolving power of the instrument and the other is the amount of information about this volume that is displayed in the image. Both parameters are important in describing the performance of a microscope. The light microscope image, for example, is rich in information content (chemical, spatial, living specimen, etc.) but is very limited in resolving power.

Structural and Chemical Studies of Pathological Fibers in Human Neurofibrillary Degeneration

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 726-729
Author(s):  
K.S. Kosik ◽  
L.K. Duffy ◽  
S. Bakalis ◽  
C. Abraham ◽  
D.J. Selkoe
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangles ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Neuritic Plaque ◽  
Protein Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Studies

The major structural lesions of the human brain during aging and in Alzheimer disease (AD) are the neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and the senile (neuritic) plaque. Although these fibrous alterations have been recognized by light microscopists for almost a century, detailed biochemical and morphological analysis of the lesions has been undertaken only recently. Because the intraneuronal deposits in the NFT and the plaque neurites and the extraneuronal amyloid cores of the plaques have a filamentous ultrastructure, the neuronal cytoskeleton has played a prominent role in most pathogenetic hypotheses.The approach of our laboratory toward elucidating the origin of plaques and tangles in AD has been two-fold: the use of analytical protein chemistry to purify and then characterize the pathological fibers comprising the tangles and plaques, and the use of certain monoclonal antibodies to neuronal cytoskeletal proteins that, despite high specificity, cross-react with NFT and thus implicate epitopes of these proteins as constituents of the tangles.

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