scholarly journals Experimental Study of Polyethylene Fusion by Scheffler Solar Concentrator

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Dieudonné Dabilgou ◽  
Salifou Ouedraogo ◽  
Adelaide Lareba Ouedraogo ◽  
Thierry Sikoudouin Maurice Ky ◽  
Bruno Korgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Internal Temperature ◽  
Fusion Temperature ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Average Irradiance

Aims: The present work is the use of Scheffler technology to melt plastic waste to produce composite materials using an oven type receiver. The composite material in this study contains polyethylene as a matrix and sand as reinforcement. Study Design: The fusion temperature of polyethylene is about 200°C and is obtained by solar concentration. The experimental plastic melting unit in Saaba (latitude 12.38° N; longitude -1.43° E), Burkina Faso, uses two 8 m² Scheffler concentrators sharing a cubic receiver. Three types of mirrors with a reflectivity of at least 90% are used as reflecting facets to equip the Scheffler dishes at the site. Methodology: The thermal behavior of the receiver is analyzed experimentally. Temperatures are measured on the inner and outer walls as well as the internal air temperature with 5 K-type thermocouples. When the fusion temperature is reached on the inside, we introduce the plastic waste which has been previously washed, crushed, dried and weighed. Results: The installed model obtained an average energy of 1.80 kW at the receiver and an average internal temperature of 251.15°C for an average irradiance of 623 W/m² during the no-load test. During the load test, an average energy of 1.34 kW and an internal temperature of 206.4°C were reached for an average irradiance of 473 W/m² and an optical efficiency of 56%. This test led to the production of two pavers of the composite material matrix with 2.2 kg of plastic waste. Conclusion: These results show that the profiles of the primary reflector, tracking system, and tilt axis are accurate and the maximum concentrated solar flux converges on the absorbing surfaces of the receiver. The tempered panes of the absorbing surfaces is more transparent and less emissive. Thus our device contributes to the valorization of plastic waste by using a non-polluting energy source.

Optical Analysis of a Heliostat Array With Linked Tracking

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Dunham ◽  
R. Kasetty ◽  
A. Mathur ◽  
W. Lipiński
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Optical Performance ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
The North ◽  
The Individual ◽  
East West

The optical performance of a novel solar concentrator consisting of a 400 spherical heliostat array and a linked two-axis tracking system is analyzed using the Monte Carlo ray-tracing technique. The optical efficiency and concentration ratio are compared for four different heliostat linkage configurations, including linkages of 1 × 1, 1 × 2, 2 × 2, 4 × 4, and 5 × 5 heliostats for 7-hour operation and the selected months of June and December. The optical performance of the concentrator decreases with the increasing number of heliostats in the individual groups due to increasing optical inaccuracies. In June, the best-performing linked configuration, in which 1 heliostat in the east-west direction and 2 heliostats in the north-south direction are linked, provides a monthly-averaged 7-hour optical efficiency and average concentration ratio of 79% and 511 suns, respectively. In December, the optical efficiency and the average concentration ratio decreases to 61% and 315 suns, respectively.

Design, Constructand Performance Evaluation of a 2-Stage Parabolic through Solar Concentrator in Pathumthani

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 1291-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krissadang Sookramoon
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Primary Stage

This research presents the design, construct and performance evaluation of a 2-stage parabolic trough solar concentrator (2-stage PTC). The primary stage was constructed of polished stainless steel (SUS 400) to form the primary stage parabolic reflector (1.489 m ×1.489 m size), the second stage was constructed of multi piece mirror to form the hyperbolic shape reflector (0.13 m×1.489 m). Black painted copper pipe in the size of inside diameters (27.2 mm) covered with glass tube was used as receiver. One axis Sun tracking system has been installed to track 2-stage PTC according to the direction of beam propagation of solar radiation. By using water as a heat transfer fluid its capability to heat transfer and load high temperature (100°C). The storage tank is fabricated with stainless steel of size 40 L. The experimental tests have been carried out in Faculty of Industrial Technology, Vallaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University Pathum Thani, Thailand climatic conditions (14.134°N, 100.611°E) during 5 selected days of the months May 2013. The performance of a 2-stage PTC was evaluated using outdoor experimental measurements including the useful heat gain, the thermal instantaneous efficiency and the energy gained by the water. The experimental results shown the maximum thermal efficiency was 23.43%, the optical efficiency was 76%, and the total geometrical concentration was 27.08X.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Absorptive/Reflective Crossed CPC PV/T System

Designs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Muhsin Aykapadathu ◽  
Mehdi Nazarinia ◽  
Nazmi Sellami
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Control ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Acceptance Angle ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Compound Parabolic Concentrator ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Experimental Rig ◽  
T System

A crossed compound parabolic concentrator (CCPC) is a non-imaging concentrator which is a modified form of a circular 3D compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) obtained by orthogonal intersection of two 2D CPCs that have an optical efficiency in line with that of 3D CPC. The present work is about the design and fabrication of a new generation of solar concentrator: the hybrid photovoltaic (PV)/thermal absorptive/reflective CCPC module. The module has a 4× CCPC structure truncated to have a concentration of 3.6× with a half acceptance angle of 30°. Furthermore, an experimental rig was also fabricated to test the performance of the module and its feasibility in real applications such as building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV). 3D printing and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling technologies were utilized to manufacture the absorber and reflective parts of the module.

Optical Analysis of Solar Concentrators Using Photogrammetry Process

2017 ◽  
pp. 175-201
Author(s):  
Safa Skouri ◽  
Salwa Bouadila
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Displacement Error ◽  
Slope Error

As the optical efficiency of solar concentrators has a high impact on its thermal performance. However a qualification method determining the geometrical accuracy of a solar concentrator system is necessary. The purpose of this chapter is to gives an optical analysis of solar concentrator with an imaging process in order to improve the thermal efficiency of the solar concentrator. In this order measurement techniques used to determine geometric errors of the solar concentrating system have been described. Intercept factor, slope error and displacement error have been identified and analyzed. Examples of the intercept factor for concentrator reflector along with optical efficiency has been developed and determined related to the experimental results given by photogrammetry measurement technique.

scholarly journals Bending Performance of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Textile Reinforced Mortar TRM

2014 ◽  
Vol 601 ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluís Gil ◽  
Christian Escrig ◽  
Ernest Bernat-Maso
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Point Load ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Bending Performance ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Textile Reinforced Mortar

This work presents a method of strengthening concrete structures based on textiles of high strength and mortars. The combination of textiles and mortars produces a new composite material with cementitious matrix. This material can be used for the reinforcement of concrete beams under bending loads. We tested several combinations of fibers: glass, Poliparafenil Benzobisoxazol (PBO), steel and carbon fibers with mortar and we used them to reinforce precast concrete beams. All the specimens were tested with a four-point load test. We discuss the performance of the specimens and we compare the ultimate results with the formulae from FRP codes.

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