scholarly journals Fungal Population and Physicochemical Characteristics of Abattoir-Impacted Soil in Iwofe, Rivers State

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Williams, Janet Olufunmilayo ◽  
Owhorji, Gloria
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Fungal Population ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Fungal Load ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Rivers State

Aim: To determine the fungal population and physicochemistry of abattoir impacted soil in Iwofe, Rivers State. Study Design: This study focused on Abattoir impacted soil. Statistical analysis of data and interpretation was carried out. Place and Duration of Study: Abattoir impacted soil was collected from three points in an abattoir located in Iwofe, Rivers State while the unpolluted soil which served as control was collected from the Rivers State University, Port Harcourt in January, 2021. Methodology: Standard microbiological techniques were used: the fungal population was determined by inoculating aliquots of an appropriate dilution resulting from a ten-fold serial dilution on prepared Sabouraud dextrose agar plates in duplicates. Plates were later incubated for 3-5 days after which colonies were enumerated and used in obtaining the fungal population in the soil samples while distinct colonies were subcultured for macroscopic and microscopic identification of fungi. The physicochemical parameters and heavy metals were analyzed using standard methods. Results: Fungal load in the control and abattoir impacted soil were 1.09×105 and 3.9×104 CFU/g, respectively. The fungal load of the control soil was significantly higher (P˂0.05) than the abattoir impacted soil. The fungal isolates identified in the abattoir impacted soil were Microsporium sp, Aspergillus niger and Candida sp while Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sp, Penicillium sp, Mucor sp and Rhizopus sp were identified from the control soil. The pH, temperature, nitrate and phosphate of the abattoir soil were 6.7, 28.33℃, 27.83(mgKg-1) and 1055(mgKg-1), respectively. The concentrations of Cadmium, Iron and Lead in the abattoir Impacted soil and control soil were 0.81, 563.35 and 7.12 mgKg-1, 0.51, 582.0 and 3.18 mgKg-1, respectively. The physico chemistry and heavy metals in the abattoir soil were within acceptable limits. Discussion and Conclusion: The findings from this study showed that heavy metals in abattoir impacted soil had an impact in the fungal population which led to the isolation of only three fungal isolates belonging to Microsporium sp, Candida sp and Aspergillus niger. More so, despite the presence of heavy metals in the abattoir impacted soil, the metals were all within permissible limits. Thus, the abattoir impacted soil was not heavily polluted.

scholarly journals Biosorption potential of lead tolerant fungi isolated from refuse dumpsite soil in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e46753
Author(s):  
Jeremiah David Bala ◽  
Faruk Kuta ◽  
Adabara Nasiru ◽  
Abdulameen Saheed Adedeji ◽  
Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Polluted Environment ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Significant Difference

Metals are non-biodegradable and recurrent in the environs. Heavy metals tolerant fungi were isolated from refuse dumpsite soil using pour plate method. These fungi were identified as Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and Rhizomucor sp. The fungal isolates were screened for cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) with concentration of 200ppm, 400ppm and 600ppm. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum showed high tolerance for the metals in contrast to the control. The fungi with high tolerance were used for biosorption study. However, Penicillium chrysogenum showed higher lead removal or biosorption potential of 1.07ppm, 3.35ppm and 4.19ppm as compared with Aspergillus niger with lead removal of 0.67ppm, 3.11ppm and 3.79ppm at 5th, 10th and 15th day respectively. One-way Analysis of Variance was used to interpret the data generated from the biosorption study which revealed that there was no significant different (p > 0.05) between the lead removal of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum on the 5th day but there was significant difference (p < 0.05) in the lead removal of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum on the 10th and 15th day. This study suggests the use of these fungal isolates for removal and biotreatment of heavy metal contaminated and polluted environment

scholarly journals Isolation of Surveillance Pathogenic Fungal Microbial Contaminant on Mobile Phone

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 3493-3496
Author(s):  
Amanah Amanah ◽  
Dadan Ramadhan Apriyanto ◽  
Hikmah Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Natural Flora

AIM: Mobile phone has been used daily by almost everyone. This Research surveyed microbial contamination of mobile phones in the faculty of Medicine Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati and identify the most influential fungal microbial species. METHODS: A group of 15 samples was analysed to identify fungal isolates. The mobile phones were swabbed firmly passing its touch screen using sterile swabs then inoculated into media for fungi. Frequency distribution of isolates was calculated. RESULTS: There were fungal isolates as follows: Aspergillus Orchareus, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp., Candida sp., Aspergillus Fumigatus, and Mucor sp. at the rate of 19, 6, 1, 3, 2, 10, 2, 52, 2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The research indicates that all mobile phones were considerably having microbial infection, mostly from humans’ natural flora and also from the air and soil. This determines that it is necessary to sterilize hands prior to a contact with mobile phones since it could lead into disease transmission.

scholarly journals Assessment of Microplastic Degrading Potential of Fungal Isolates from an Estuary in Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Janet Olufunmilayo Williams ◽  
Nosayame Thomas Osahon
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Tremendous Importance ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The potential of fungi as bio degraders of micro plastic particles was assessed using standard microbiological and Fourier transformed Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis methods. The highest mean Total Heterotrophic fungal (THF) count of 4.24x104 cfu/ml was obtained with the least THF (2.72x104 cfu/ml) recorded during the dry season. Mean hydrocarbon Utilizing Fungal (HUF) count was highest (1.78x104 cfu/ml) during the wet period while the least HUF count (1.46x104 cfu/ml) was recorded during the dry period. Spectra of FTIR showed that the water contained microplastic particles in these proportions; polyethylene of low density (LDPE) 0.01%, 0.11% protein, 0.15% polystyrene, 0.37% polyamide, 1.14% cellulose, 1.21% polyurethane, 1.90% polyvinyl chloride, 3.11% polyester and 92% polypropylene, respectively. Species of fungi identified were Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Mucor spp., Aspergillus nidulans, Fusarium spp., Microsporum canis, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Among the fungal isolates, A. niger and A. fumigatus were most active in degrading the micro plastic (polypropylene) with mean % weight loss of 71.09% and 53.09%, respectively while the least active was Penicillium spp. with a mean % weight loss of 28.64% during the study period. The order of degradation was Aspergillus niger > A. fumigatus > A. nidulans > Fusarium spp. > Rhizopus spp. > Microsporum canis > Mucor spp. > Penicillium spp. The potential to degrade micro plastic particles by these fungi can be harnessed. The foremost active fungi degrading potentials are as follows: A. niger (71.1%) and A. fumigatus (53.1%). The study has shown that isolates of fungi from Ohiakwu River in Nigeria possess the ability to degrade micro plastic (polypropylene) particles. Therefore, this research is of tremendous importance for industrial development and additionally for future research purposes.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Medical Fungal Isolates to Commonly used Antifungal Agents

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
V. K. Robinson ◽  
B. Samuel-Penu ◽  
S. O. Minimah
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

The susceptibility of fungal isolates associated with indoor air of medical institutions to commonly used antifungal agents were investigated using the open plate technique on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates. The well in agar diffusion technique was used in determining the antifungal susceptibility. The antifungal agents used were fluconazole and ketoconazole and these drugs were prepared into four concentrations. Result showed reduced antifungal activity as the concentration decreased. Results of fluconazole against the fungal isolates showed that Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Candida sp, and Mucor sp were all sensitive at 5 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml, and 1.25 mg/ml while Rhizopus sp was only sensitive at the 5mg/ml concentration. Antifungal activity of ketoconazole showed that Aspergillus flavus, Candida sp, Mucor sp and Rhizopus sp were all sensitive at the 5, 2.5, 1.25 and 0.63 mg/ml concentrations while A. niger was susceptible to ketoconazole at 5 and 2.5 mg/ml concentrations. The MIC of Ketoconazole against Candida sp, Aspergillus flavus, Mucor sp and Rhizopus sp was 0.63 mg/ml. while the MIC of Aspergillus niger was at 2.5 mg/ml. There was highly significant difference (P≤0.05) in the response of the fungal isolates to fluconazole and ketoconazole in all concentrations of the drugs. Result also showed that both drugs were more effective against Candida sp and because of the effectiveness of ketoconazole on other isolates, it is recommended for use in treating mycoses caused by these fungi from this site.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Some Soil Fungi to the Content of Deep Cycle Battery and Their Bioremediation Potential

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
S. I. Douglas ◽  
C. U. Wellington ◽  
T. G. Sokari
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
State University ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Aims: The purpose of this study was to isolate and screen soil fungi that are able to tolerate the contents of spent deep cycle battery (inverter), and to test for their bioremediation potential. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Microbiology, Rivers State University, between June 2019 and February 2020. Methodology: Soil samples were collected from a mechanic village while spent inverter batteries were obtained from a waste vendor. The battery was forced open to extract its contents of the battery. Using standard microbiological techniques, fungi were enumerated and characterized. Stock solution of the battery content was prepared by dissolving the inverter battery content in sterile deionized water. This stock solution was used to carry out the screening test on the fungal isolates to ascertain the fungi that can tolerate the contents of the spent battery. Results: Total heterotrophic fungal counts for the polluted and unpolluted soil were 6.0 x 103 cfu/g and 7.5 x 104cfu/g respectively. The fungal isolates identified from the polluted soil samples were members of the genera Rhizopus, Mucor, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Candida, while, the isolates identified from the unpolluted soil sample includes: Candida sp, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Mucor sp, Yeast, Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp. After the screening, total heterotrophic fungal counts for the soil ranged from 1.0 x 102cfu/g to 9.5 x 102cfu/g. Two fungi of the genera: Rhizopus and Mucor had the highest counts during 72 hours of incubation for the screening test. The results obtained from this study indicated that species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Candida were the most inhibited by the contents of the spent battery while Rhizopus and Mucor spp were more tolerant to the contents of the inverter. Rhizopus and Mucor spp were therefore, adopted in the bioremediation of soil contaminated with contents from the battery. It was observed that Rhizopus and Mucor spp in a consortium had the highest percentage of heavy metal removal (or uptake) in the following order: Cadmium (66.66%) > Lead (38.15%) > Zinc (26.83%) > Nickel (20.83). Conclusion: These organisms can be used in the bioremediation of soil polluted with metals from spent deep cycle batteries.

Biological leaching of heavy metals from a contaminated soil by Aspergillus niger

2009 ◽  
Vol 167 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Xia Ren ◽  
Pei-Jun Li ◽  
Yong Geng ◽  
Xiao-Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Contaminated Soil

Microbiological analysis of Udo Anwankwo river in Ikot Ekpene, South-South Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 005-011
Author(s):  
Jonathan Okokon Ekanem ◽  
Divine Jacob Ottong
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Microbial Analysis

The microbiological study of water samples obtained from Udo Anwankwo River was investigated. Water samples were collected from three different sampling points along the course of the river and analyzed using standard procedures. The total bacterial counts, total coliform counts and total fungal counts of the water samples ranged from 2.6×105 to 4.8×105cfu/ml, 1.2×104 to 1.8×105cfu/ml and 0.24×103 to 1.9×103cfu/ml respectively. A total of nine bacteria species belonging to the following genera, Bacillus, Salmonella, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Vibrio, Enterobacter and Streptococcus were isolated and identified from the samples, while five fungal isolates including members of the genera Aspergillus niger, Mucor, Penicillum, Rhizopus and Fusarium were isolated. The study through microbial analysis has revealed that the river water sample was not free from pathogens and thereby not suitable for potable use. There is need to put adequate measures towards the control of pollution and proper treatment of the water before usage as it contains pathogenic organisms.

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