Fuzzy Modeling to Evaluate the Effect of Temperature on Batch Transesterification of Jatropha Curcas for Biodiesel Production

Biodiesel, the most promising renewable and alternative energy, is produced through transesterification of vegetable oils. One of the most cost effective sources of biodiesel is Jatropha curcas oil. Transesterification of Jatropha oil depends significantly on reaction parameters such as reaction time, temperature, molar ratio, catalyst amount, and stirrer speed. Among these parameters temperature and stirring have noteworthy effect on mass transfer. In this research article, we have shown the simultaneous effect of temperature and stirring on mass transfer by considering a mathematical model. The optimal profiles of temperature and stirring are determined as a combined parameter, for which maximum biodiesel can be obtained. Further, we have shown that this pair exists and is unique for the optimality of the system.

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Probing the Catalytic Efficiency of Supported Heteropoly Acids for Esterification: Effect of Weak Catalyst Support Interactions

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2018/7037461 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ali Alsalme ◽

Aliyah A. Alsharif ◽

Hamda Al-Enizi ◽

Mujeeb Khan ◽

Saad G. Alshammari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Active Sites ◽

Catalyst Support ◽

Supported Catalyst ◽

Catalytic Efficiency ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Heteropoly Acids ◽

Catalyst Loading ◽

Esterification Activity

Supported heteropoly acids are an interesting class of solid acid catalysts which possess flexible structure and super acidic properties essentially required for the oil-based biodiesel production. In this study, a series of catalysts containing 25 wt.% of heteropolytungstate (HPW) supported on various clays or SiO2 were prepared, and their catalytic efficiency was evaluated for esterification of acetic acid with heptanol. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by various techniques including FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and BET. The catalytic efficiency of both bulk and supported HPW catalysts for the esterification activity strongly depends on the type of support and amount of catalyst; the bulk HPW catalyst and the catalyst supported by kaolinite with 25 wt.% of HPW exhibited highest activity. In order to study the effect of temperature on conversion, all the catalysts were subjected to different reaction temperatures. It was revealed that esterification activity of both bulk and supported HPW catalysts strongly depends upon the temperature variations of the reaction. Besides, the effect of leaching of active sites on the catalysts performance for biodiesel production was also evaluated by inductively coupled plasma studies (ICP). The kaolinite-supported catalyst (25% HPW/kaolinite) demonstrated higher amount of leaching which is also confirmed by the significant decrease in its catalytic activity when it is used for the second time. However, the higher activity demonstrated by HPW/kaolinite maybe because of some homogeneous reaction indicating a weak catalyst support interaction (WCSI) resulting in the leaching of the catalyst during the test. Furthermore, the effects of other reaction variables such as catalyst loading and reaction time on the conversion of acetic acid were also studied.

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Process Simulation of Biodiesel Production from Jatropha Curcas Seed Oil

American Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.11648/j.ajche.20170504.12 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 56 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aldo Okullo

Keyword(s):

Process Simulation ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Biodiesel Production

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Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on the production and quality of oil in Jatropha curcas L. under the dry and warm climate conditions of Colombia

Agronomía Colombiana ◽

10.15446/agron.colomb.v32n2.43265 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 255-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Omar Montenegro R. ◽

Stanislav Magnitskiy ◽

Martha C. Henao T.

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Oil Content ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Oil Composition

This study was conducted to assess fruit and seed yield, oil content and oil composition of Jatropha curcas fertilized with different doses of nitrogen and potassium in Espinal (Tolima, Colombia). The yields ranged from 4,570 to 8,800 kg ha-1 of fruits and from 2,430 to 4,746 kg ha-1 of seeds. These yields showed that the fertilizer dose of 150 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1K increased fruit production by 92% and seed production by 95%, which represents an increase of about 100% in oil production, which increased from 947 to 1,900 kg ha-1. The total oil content in the seeds ranged from 38.7 to 40.1% (w/w) with a high content of the unsaturated fatty acids oleic (> 47%) and linoleic acid (> 29%). The highest content of oleic acid in the seed oil was from the unfertilized control plants and plants with an application of 100 kg ha-1 of N and 60 kg ha-1 of K, with an average of 48%. The lowest content of oleic acid was registered when a low dose of nitrogen and a high level of potassium were applied at a ratio of 1:2.4 and doses of 50 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1 K, respectively. Low contents of the saturated fatty acids palmitic (13.4%) and stearic (7.26%) were obtained, making this oil suitable for biodiesel production. The nitrogen was a more important nutrient for the production and quality of oil in J. curcas than potassium under the studied conditions of soil and climate.

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Morphophysiological Traits as Indicators of Genetic Diversity in Brazilian Populations of Jatropha curcas L. Grown Under Water Deficit

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i3.16707 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 527

Author(s):

Leandro Dias da Silva ◽

Fábio Pinto Gomes ◽

Mateus Pires Barbosa ◽

Raul Antônio Araújo do Bonfim ◽

Mikaela Oliveira Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Plant Height ◽

Principal Components ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Physiological Traits ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Root Area ◽

Genetic Dissimilarity

Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a species grown in tropicalcountries and used for biodiesel production. Morphophysiological traits were analyzed to assess the genetic diversity in nine genotypes of J. curcas under deficit water. Seeds of plants from different populations, collected in diferente brazilian regions, were grown under two water regimes (100% and 50% tank capacity). Multivariate analysis was used to characterize genetic diversity. The UPGMA dendrogram built from the genetic distance group indicated the segregation of genotypes into five groups for growth traits and six groups for physiological traits. Then, an principal components analysis was carried out, to evaluate the pattern of character variations and then segregate the characteristics that could distinguish parental genotypes for use in plant breeding. Results showed 65.50% and 56.02% for the two first principal components of growth and physiological traits, respectively. Total root area was the most determining trait for genetic dissimilarity (18.9%) and group formation, followed by plant height (17.9%) and number of leaves (17.6%). On the other hand, stomatal conductance (gs) (24.9%) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) (20.9%) were the most determining physiological traits. The analysis of morphophysiological traits indicated CNPAE-298 and 299 as the most distant genotypes among the plant groups. Under water-limited conditions, total root area, plant height, gs and GPX were the most efficient traits to explain genetic dissimilarity among the genotypes, and for this reason they should be referred as a priority for further studies on genotypes selection in this species.

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Micro-fibrillated cellulose reinforced eco-friendly polymeric resin from non-edible ‘Jatropha curcas’ seed waste after biodiesel production

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra07749h ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (52) ◽

pp. 47101-47111 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Muhammad M. Rahman ◽

Anil N. Netravali

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Oil Extraction ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Polymeric Resin ◽

Seed Cake ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Edible Protein

Eco-friendly polymeric resin with desirable mechanical and physical properties was developed from non-edible protein extracted from Jatropha curcas (Jatropha) seed cake, so far considered as an agro-waste after oil extraction for bio-diesel conversion.

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Biodiesel production from high free fatty acids content Jatropha curcas L. oil using dual step process

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery ◽

10.1007/s13399-013-0077-3 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 361-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Purabi Mazumdar ◽

Swaroopa Rani Dasari ◽

Venu Babu Borugadda ◽

Garima Srivasatava ◽

L. Sahoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Free Fatty Acids ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Step Process ◽

Jatropha Curcas L

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Effects of Genotype, Direct Sowing and Plant Spacing on Field Performance of Jatropha curcas L.

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9080465 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 465

Author(s):

Zafitsara Tantely Andrianirina ◽

Matthias Martin ◽

Euloge Dongmeza ◽

Elisa Senger

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Field Performance ◽

Correct Choice ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Oilseed Crop ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Seed Yields ◽

Direct Sowing

The tropical multiuse tree Jatropha curcas L. (jatropha) is highly promoted as oilseed crop for biodiesel production and for climate change mitigation, but cultivation practices require further research. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of varying plant spacings (2.0 m × 4 m compared to 1.5 m × 4 m), crop establishment methods (raising plantlets in a nursery prior to planting to the field compared to direct sowing) and genotypes on seed yield, seed quality and plant height, recorded at a dry-subhumid location in Madagascar (Ihosy) and at a humid location in Cameroon (Batchenga). Averaged across treatment variants and genotypes, seed yield and seed oil content were higher at the dry-subhumid site and in particular the narrower spacing reached higher seed yields per unit area than the wider spacing. At the humid site, plant growth was characterized by strong accumulation of biomass. The establishment method tested at the dry-subhumid site showed no significant differences in the recorded parameters. Our results encourage to re-think common practices in jatropha cultivation and underpin the importance of the correct choice of location, genotype and agronomic practices considering the interactions between all factors.

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