peripheral blood lymphocyte
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2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Iannetta ◽  
Doriana Landi ◽  
Gaia Cola ◽  
Laura Campogiani ◽  
Vincenzo Malagnino ◽  
...  

BackgroundVaccination campaign to contrast the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has raised the issue of vaccine immunogenicity in special populations such as people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) on highly effective disease modifying treatments (DMTs). While humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have been well characterized in the general population and in PwMS, very little is known about cell-mediated responses in conferring protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).MethodsPwMS on ocrelizumab, fingolimod or natalizumab, vaccinated with two doses of mRNABNT162b2 (Comirnaty®) vaccine were enrolled. Anti-Spike (S) and anti-Nucleoprotein (N) antibody titers, IFN-gamma production upon S and N peptide libraries stimulation, peripheral blood lymphocyte absolute counts were assessed after at least 1 month and within 4 months from vaccine second dose administration. A group of age and sex matched healthy donors (HD) were included as reference group. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8.2.1.ResultsThirty PwMS and 9 HDs were enrolled. All the patients were negative for anti-N antibody detection, nor reported previous symptoms of COVID-19. Peripheral blood lymphocyte counts were assessed in PwMS showing: (i) reduction of circulating B-lymphocytes in PwMS on ocrelizumab; (ii) reduction of peripheral blood B- and T-lymphocyte absolute counts in PwMS on fingolimod and (iii) normal B- and T-lymphocyte absolute counts with an increase in circulating CD16+CD56+ NK-cells in PwMS on natalizumab. Three patterns of immunological responses were identified in PwMS. In patients on ocrelizumab, anti-S antibody were lacking or reduced, while T-cell responses were normal. In patients on fingolimod both anti-S titers and T-cell mediated responses were impaired. In patients on natalizumab both anti-S titers and T-cell responses were present and comparable to those observed in HD.ConclusionsThe evaluation of T-cell responses, anti-S titers and peripheral blood lymphocyte absolute count in PwMS on DMTs can help to better characterize the immunological response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The evaluation of T-cell responses in longitudinal cohorts of PwMS will help to clarify their protective role in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19. The correlation between DMT treatment and immunological responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines could help to better evaluate vaccination strategies in PwMS.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yan ◽  
Junmei Jia

Abstract Background The adaptation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has achieved promising effects in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, not all patients with NSCLC benefit from immunotherapy. There is an urgent need to explore some biomarkers to predict the efficacy and survival rate of patients with advanced NSCLC after immunotherapy. The objective of this study is to monitor the changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and analyze their correlation with the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy. Methods A total of 153 patients with advanced NSCLC were examined. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, NK cells, and Tregs were collected before any treatment, before immunotherapy, and after 4 cycles of immunotherapy. T-test was used to analyze the influencing factors of lymphocyte subtypes and their changes before and after immunotherapy. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between lymphocyte subtypes and efficacy with ROC curve being plotted. Log-rank test and Cox regression model were used to evaluate the relationship between lymphocyte subtypes and progression-free survival (PFS). Results Gender, age, pathology, distant metastasis, and EGFR mutations all affect the proportion of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with advanced NSCLC. Compared with baseline, the effective group showed that the proportions of CD4+ T cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, NK cells and Tregs were significantly higher, and the proportions of CD8+ T cells were significantly lower in peripheral blood after 4 cycles of immunotherapy. On the contrary, the ineffective group showed no signs of significant differences. Baseline CD4+ T cells, NK cells and Tregs were independent predictors of immunotherapy efficacy and PFS. Conclusions Immune checkpoint inhibitors induce changes in the proportion of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with effective immunotherapy. The levels of lymphocyte subsets have a good predictive value for efficacy and prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC.


2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-454
Author(s):  
Marieta-Elena PANAIT ◽  
◽  
Antonela BUSCA ◽  
Ana-Maria COMAN ◽  
Mariana SAULEA ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongru Li ◽  
Haibin Lin ◽  
Xiaoping Chen ◽  
Hang Li ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
...  

Objective: To evaluate the necessity of Covid-19 vaccination in children aged < 12 y by comparing the clinical characteristics in unvaccinated children aged < 12 y with vaccinated patients aged > 12y during the Delta surge (B.1.617.2) in Putian, Fujian, China. Methods: A total of 226 patients with SARS-Cov-2 Delta variant (B.1.167.2; confirmed by Realtime PCR positive and sequencing) were enrolled from Sep 10th to Oct 20th, 2021, including 77 unvaccinated children (aged < 12y) and 149 people aged > 12y, mostly vaccinated. The transmission route was explored and the clinical data of two groups were compared;the effect factors for the time of the nucleic acid negativization (NAN) were examined by R statistical analysis. Results: The Delta surge in Putian spread from children in schools to factories, mostly through family contact. Compared with those aged; 12y, patients aged < 12y accounted for 34.07% of the total and showed milder fever, less cough and fatigue; they reported higher peripheral blood lymphocyte counts [1.84(1.32,2.71)× 10^9/L vs. 1.31(0.94,1.85)× 10^9/L; p<0.05), higher normal CRP rate (92.21% vs. 57.72%), lower IL-6 levels [5.28(3.31,8.13) vs. 9.10(4.37,15.14); p<0.05]. Upon admission, their COVID19 antibodies (IgM and IgG) and IgG in convalescence were lower [0.13(0.00,0.09) vs. 0.12(0.03,0.41), p<0.05; 0.02(0.00,0.14) vs. 1.94(0.54,6.40), p <0.05; 5.46(2.41,9.26) vs. 73.63 (54.63,86.55), p<0.05, respectively], but longer NAN time (18 days vs. 16 days, p=0.13). Conclusion: Children aged < 12y may be critical hidden spreaders, which indicates an urgent need of vaccination for this particular population.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Wan ◽  
Xiao-Hong Sun ◽  
Yong-Shuai Lin ◽  
Fang-Ming Du ◽  
Gong-Jun Guo ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective To study the correlation between peripheral blood lymphocytes, f/t PSA and LUTS symptoms, and prostatic inflammation in BPH patients.Materials and Methods From May 2020 to October 2020, 120 patients (aged 56-85 years) with BPH undergoing elective transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) were selected. Peripheral blood lymphocyte counts and f/t PSA values were measured preoperatively, and IPSS scores were assessed. Postoperative prostate tissues were sent for pathological examination, and the relationship between peripheral blood lymphocyte count, TPSA, f/t PSA values, relevant clinical laboratory parameters, and relevant LUTS symptoms and the distribution of prostate tissue inflammation was analyzed.Results with the aggravation of prostatic inflammation, IPSS score and TPSA value were lower, while f/t PSA value and lymphocyte count were lower. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of 120 BPH patients showed that age (> = 60) [odds ratio (OR) = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.31-2.10; P = 0.02], IPSS score [OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.13-1.37; P < 0.01], TPSA [OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.02-1.19; P = 0.02], f/t PSA [OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.01-0.15; P = 0.02], and lymphocytes [OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 0.78-3.77; P = 0.04] were related to the formation of prostatic inflammation in BPH patients. Conclusion Peripheral blood lymphocyte count, TPSA, LUTS severity, and f/t PSA ratio can predict the severity of prostatic inflammation, which may be used as diagnostic markers for BPH patients with LUTS symptoms who have prostatitis and promote the development of drug treatment for LUTS symptoms in BPH patients with prostatitis.


Author(s):  
Natalia Druzhaeva ◽  
Alenka Nemec Svete ◽  
Alojz Ihan ◽  
Katka Pohar ◽  
Aleksandra Domanjko Petrič

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