Bath and the Body, Bamboo and the Soul

<p>Bathing at a fundamental level is desired for two attributes cleansing the body, and cleansing the soul. Historically the act of bathing has been a combination of hot and cold water bathing; this act cleanses both the body and soul, and is seen as an enjoyable pastime for both eastern and western cultures. The priority then is to architecturally express the 'body and soul' through a careful material selection. The choice of materials reflects this, concrete and bamboo, expressing the solid (body) and the light (soul). Design precedents, material comparison, eastern and western beliefs are used to establish a rationale between the material contrast of body and soul. The location for the design reflects the natural connection between 'body and soul' in a location that references the land and water, geothermal and steam, lake and landscape. The final project includes detailing of non-penetrating fixings for the use in bamboo construction, including natural and industrial products into a public bath that compliments the body and the soul.</p>

Bath and the Body, Bamboo and the Soul

<p>Bathing at a fundamental level is desired for two attributes cleansing the body, and cleansing the soul. Historically the act of bathing has been a combination of hot and cold water bathing; this act cleanses both the body and soul, and is seen as an enjoyable pastime for both eastern and western cultures. The priority then is to architecturally express the 'body and soul' through a careful material selection. The choice of materials reflects this, concrete and bamboo, expressing the solid (body) and the light (soul). Design precedents, material comparison, eastern and western beliefs are used to establish a rationale between the material contrast of body and soul. The location for the design reflects the natural connection between 'body and soul' in a location that references the land and water, geothermal and steam, lake and landscape. The final project includes detailing of non-penetrating fixings for the use in bamboo construction, including natural and industrial products into a public bath that compliments the body and the soul.</p>

A Study on Impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak and Countermeasures on Water Consumption in the Small-Medium Sized City

Objectives : The objective of this research is to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic spread and prevention actions are affecting water consumption pattern in the domestic small-medium sized city. Also, the main contribution is the assessment of water consumption during a pandemic, proving information for management of water supply system in order to be resilient in challenging situation for the community.Methods : In this study, data on the water consumption by administrative subdivisions and uses were obtained from January 2018 to December 2020. The water consumption can be divided into the uses for household, office, business and public bath. Data were analyzed in a time series from 2018 to December 2020 in 35 administrative subdivisions.Results and Discussion : As a result of analyzing the consumption pattern of tap water by use in domestic J_city, the consumption of household water tends to increase slightly, but it is found that the trend of change in office, business and public bath water is not significant.Conclusion : It can be seen that the consumption of households in 2020 is slightly higher than in 2018 and 2019, and the consumption of water for business, business and public baths has decreased. Probably, as homework and non-face-to-face classes of students increase, consumption of household water increases and consumption of business and business water decreases.

PENGELOLAAN ASET NAGARI OLEH ANAK NAGARI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI NAGARI (PAN)

This study aimed to explain Nagari Asset Management by Nagari people to increase Nagari Income (PAN) in Nagari Minangkabau, Tanah Datar Regency. The research method used is descriptive quasi qualitative. The results showed that the management of nagari assets by nagari people to increase Nagari Original Income (PAN) in Minangkabau Nagari, Tanah Datar Regency consisted of: (a) Planning of village assets has been implemented properly, (b) The utilization of village assets in Nagari Minangkabau, Tanah Datar Regency has not yet carried out optimally, asset utilization has not been implemented in accordance with the specified asset utilization form, (c) Supervision by the Nagari government and custom density village in asset management carried out by the Nagari people is not maximized. Factors that become obstacles in asset management are: (a) The lack of awareness and participation of village people, (b) Incomplete village asset facilities, one of which is incomplete bath, wash and toilet facilities for public bath visitors, (c) Budget issues due to the rehab of public baths that will be carried out, of course, require large funds, (d) Regulatory problems are that there is no village regulation that regulates the management of nagari assets. Based on the obstacles faced, the efforts being made are: (a) Conducting socialization and empowerment to village children, (b) Trying to communicate with all institutional elements and community leaders in the village, (c) Designing Nagari Regulations (PerNag) regarding management village assets.

The Microscopic Detection and Identification of Acanthamoeba Spp. In Water Samples Following Enrichment by in Vitro-Cultivation Under Two Distinct Temperature Conditions.

Acanthamoeba is a genus of free-living amoeba commonly found in environmental sources such as water, soil and air, and can infect humans. There is a significant challenge in the detection and identification of members of this genus in water samples. In order attempt to overcome this challenge, we investigated using in vitro culture, under distinct temperature conditions, to grow and enrich amoeba prior to detection and identification. Aliquots of 150 water samples, collected from Rabat (30 from each river, fountain, sea, public bath and tap water), were individually inoculated into standard culture medium non-nutritive agar and incubated for two weeks at 25 °C and 30 °C under otherwise standard conditions. PCR was used to confirm the presence of Acanthamoeba DNA in positive samples. The findings showed that Acanthamoeba grew more rapidly at 30 °C than 25 °C, allowing improved microscopic detection and identification at the former temperature. This investigation shows clearly that the diagnostic sensitivity of an in vitro based culture system is temperature-dependent.

Cities of the Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman city was characterized by being focused around the nucleus of a mosque, market, and public bath, containing military buildings, in particular a castle, and being divided into mahalles/haras (districts, quarters, neighbourhoods). It was further defined by its relationship to Istanbul. However, as one would expect in such a huge empire, cities displayed considerable regional variation and while Istanbul, the capital after 1453 and most populous city of the empire, remained the central reference point, the empire contained other cities of major importance, such as Damascus, Aleppo and Cairo, or Izmir, Edirne, and Thessaloniki. The morphology of the city also changed over time and the importance of individual cities rose and fell throughout the life of the empire.

TEMPAT PEMANDIAN UMUM

When talking about designing a 3rd place, the first question that came up was “how can we gather various people from different backgrounds, homes, and workplaces into one (same) place? Thing that drives or motivates someone to do something (in this case going to our place) is their wants and needs. Based on A theory of motivation by Abraham Maslow, individuals’ most basic needs must be met before they become motivated to achieve higher level needs. The reason behind this proposal is because currently, we’re facing a crisis of one of our physiological needs, WATER. In 2040 we’re going to lose all source of clean water in Jakarta. Even now the source of water coming from Jakarta is only 3% and the rest originated from Tangerang and Jatiluhur reservoirs. The government through the PDAM is not able to meet all the water needs in Jakarta, so that more than 40% of Jakarta citizen don’t have other choices, except using ground water which lead to another threat, land subsidence which has threatened to sink Jakarta due to groundwater exploitation and increase of high-rise buildings. Our poor water system management, and wasteful lifestyle bring us closer to the disaster for sure. This project aim to answer social needs (third place) which can be categorized at the 'third level' (in Maslow's hierarchy of motivation theory), through answering an issue of ‘lowest level of needs' first, the physiology needs through ‘Public Bath’ project. By chasing their needs we could create more potential chances for people to intersect each other and achieve the real 3rd place. AbstrakProjek ini mengangkat tema open architecture as a third place, yang kemudian memunculkan sebuah pertanyaan “Bagaimana kita dapat menyatukan beragam orang dari latar belakang yang berbeda ke suatu tempat yang sama?” Pada dasarnya, hal yang menjadi penggerak ataupun motivator bagi seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu adalah keinginan (needs) dan kebutuhan (wants) individu itu sendiri. Berdasarkan makalah “A Theory of Motivation” dari Abraham Maslow, setiap individu cenderung memenuhi kebutuhan paling dasar sebelum memenuhi kebutuhan di tingkat atasnya. Kondisi beberapa wilayah di Indonesia, khususnya Jakarta sedang menuju krisis salah satu kebutuhan fisiologi, yaitu Air. Jakarta terancam kehilangan seluruh sumber air bersih pada tahun 2040. Bahkan saat ini sumber air yang berasal dari Jakarta hanya 3% dan sisanya berasal dari Tangerang dan waduk Jatiluhur. Pemerintah melalui PDAM tidak mampu memenuhi seluruh kebutuhan air di Jakarta, sehingga lebih dari 40% masyarakat Jakarta harus menggunakan air tanah yang kemudian menimbulkan ancaman kedua yaitu terjadinya penurunan muka tanah yang menyebabkan terancam tenggelamnya Jakarta akibat exploitasi air tanah dan meningkatnya bangunan tinggi. Proyek ini berusaha menjawab kebutuhan sosial (third place) yang dapat dikategorikan pada ‘tingkat ketiga’ (dalam teori hierarki kebutuhan Maslow), melalui penjawaban dari sebuah isu ‘kebutuhan tingkat pertama’ terlebih dahulu, yaitu kebutuhan fisiologi melalui projek ‘Tempat Pemandian Umum’. Dengan mengejar kebutuhan masyarakat, kita dapat menciptakan potensi – potensi titik pertemuan antar individu dan mencapai tempat ketiga yang sesungguhnya.