Digital Histology by Phase Imaging Specific Biomarkers for Human Tumoral Tissues Discrimination

Histology is the diagnosis gold standard. Conventional biopsy presents artifacts, delays, or human bias. Digital histology includes automation and improved diagnosis. It digitalizes microscopic images of histological samples and analyzes similar parameters. The present approach proposes the novel use of phase contrast in clinical digital histology to improve diagnosis. The use of label-free fresh tissue slices prevents processing artifacts and reduces processing time. Phase contrast parameters are implemented and calculated: the external scale, the fractal dimension, the anisotropy factor, the scattering coefficient, and the refractive index variance. Images of healthy and tumoral samples of liver, colon, and kidney are employed. A total of 252 images with 10×, 20×, and 40× magnifications are measured. Discrimination significance between healthy and tumoral tissues is assessed statistically with ANOVA (p-value < 0.005). The analysis is made for each tissue type and for different magnifications. It shows a dependence on tissue type and image magnification. The p-value of the most significant parameters is below 10−5. Liver and colon tissues present a great overlap in significant phase contrast parameters. The 10× fractal dimension is significant for all tissue types under analysis. These results are promising for the use of phase contrast in digital histology clinical praxis.

Eating behaviour styles in Irish teens: a cross-sectional study

Objectives: To describe the eating behaviour styles of Irish teens and to explore the relationships between demographic factors, BMI and dietary intake and these eating behaviour styles. Design: Cross-sectional data from the Irish National Teens’ Food Survey (2005–2006). The Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire assessed three eating behaviour styles in teens: restrained, emotional and external eating. Data were stratified by sex and age groups. Setting: The Republic of Ireland. Participants: Nationally representative sample of teens aged 13–17 years (n 441). Results: The highest scoring eating behaviour style was external eating (2·83 external v. 1·79 restraint and 1·84 emotional). Girls scored higher than boys on all three scales (Restraint: 2·04 v. 1·56, P < 0·001, Emotional: 2·15 v. 1·55, P < 0·001 and External: 2·91 v. 2·76, P = 0·03), and older teens scored higher than younger teens on the Emotional (1·97 v. 1·67, P < 0·001) and External scales (2·91 v. 2·72, P = 0·01). Teens classified as overweight/obese scored higher than those classified as normal weight on the Restraint scale (2·15 v. 1·71, P < 0·001) and lower on the External scale (2·67 v. 2·87, P < 0·03). Daily energy intake was negatively correlated with the Restraint (r −0·343, P < 0·001) and Emotional scales (r −0·137, P = 0·004) and positively correlated with the External scale (r 0·110, P = 0·02). Conclusions: External eating is the predominant eating behaviour style among Irish teens, but sex, age, BMI and dietary differences exist for each eating behaviour style. Including measures of eating behaviour styles into future dietary research could help understand both how and why as well as what people eat.

Viewing the world through Lucy Corin’s “Eyes of Dogs”

Marie-Laure Ryan, Kenneth Foote, and Maoz Azaryahu pave the way, in Narrating Space/Spatializing Narrative (2016), to think of space in narrative as well as narrative in space. I steer their approach through nonhuman space by examining a narrative traversal of “the mesh,” which is Timothy Morton’s spatial metaphor for human and nonhuman interconnection. “A narrative traversal of the mesh” indicates two distinct aspects of narrative motion, which can be thought of as the motion that occurs within a narrative’s fictional spaces (internal), and as the movement of a narrative through the non-fictional spaces of the mesh (external). A narrative’s internal and external motions suggest that a narrative text is itself an enmeshed pocket of nonhuman space that emulates the meshiness of the space that envelops it. The outcome of each “narrative traversal” is that the text purports to become the mesh, but this outcome registers on two scales – that of the storyworld containing a fictional mesh (the internal scale), and that of the actual, non-fictional mesh containing the storyworld (the external scale). Remarkably, each type of traversal relies on and influences the other, so that the tandem dynamism that obtains between them emerges as my object of inquiry more so than either of them individually. Since a narrative’s spatial situation is precisely that of one nonhuman space within the larger mesh, my reading of Lucy Corin’s short story, “Eyes of Dogs,” engages ultimately with the scalar discrepancy between text and world and concludes that narrative may serve as an extramental shelter from correlationism.

Pengaruh school engagement, locus of control, dan social support terhadap resiliensi akademik remaja

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur school engagement, locus of control, dan dukungan sosial terhadap resiliensi akademik remaja. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 214 siswa usia 15-18 tahun. Data diperoleh melalui pengisian skala, untuk mengukur resiliensi akademik, skala Academic Resilience Inventory diadaptasi, sedangkan pengukuran school engagement, skala School Engagement Measured diadaptasi, pengukuran locus of control, skala The Internal-External Scale diadaptasi, dan pengukuran dukungan sosial dalam penelitian ini skala The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support diadaptasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh bersama yang signifikan dari school engagement, locus of control dan dukungan sosial terhadap resiliensi akademik remaja. Proporsi varians dari resiliensi akademik pada remaja yang dijelaskan oleh semua variabel independen adalah sebesar 9.8%. Variabel yang menunjukkan kecenderungan positif paling dominan dan secara signifikan memengaruhi resiliensi akademik remaja adalah behavioral engagement dan cognitive engagement.

Effect of Compressive Stress on the High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of a Fe-20Ni Alloy in Air

The oxidation behavior of Fe-20Ni alloy under compressive stress in air was studied at 800, 900 °C. The results examined by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates that the oxide scales were consisted of an external scale and a subscale which has an intragranular scale (above 5 h at 800 °C and 900 °C) and an intergranular scale. Compared with the unstressed specimen, the growth kinetics of external scale was accelerated by an applied compressive stress. Besides, the compressive stress induced an increase in the growths of intragranular scale and intergranular scale formed on the specimens oxidized at 900 °C. However, the effect of compressive stress on the growth of intergranular scale and intragranular scale was not obvious in the case of 800°C. In addition, cracks developed in the subscale for the specimens oxidized under 2.5 MPa compressive stress when the oxidation time exceeded 20 h.

High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior and Formation Mechanism of Rolling Cracks of Fe-36Ni Invar Alloy

The oxidation of Fe-36Ni invar alloy in 5%O2-15%CO2-80%N2 atmosphere at 1200 °C for 4 h and the cause of rolling cracks have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Gleeble thermal simulation machine. The result showed that the scales consisted of the external scale and the subscale. The external scale had stratified structures of Fe2O3/Fe3O4 + NiO/Fe3O4 + FeO + NiO from outside to inside. The subscale had a typical substructure of the intra-granular subscale and the inter-granular subscale. Oxidation particles of (Fe3O4 + FeO) were isolated in FeNi3 matrix in the intra-granular subscale zone. The grain boundary was the preferential short-circuit diffusion paths of the diffusing O and was first to be oxidized. The inter-granular subscale led to the subscale and was the origin of rolling cracks. The protective heating measure was put forward to prevent rolling cracks.

Hot Corrosion of Fe-Cr Alloys with 75 Na2SO4 + 25 NaCl Coating at 1173 K

Hot corrosion behavior of two Fe-Cr alloys coated with the salt film of 25 NaCl + 75 Na2SO4 (mass fraction) in air at 1173 K was studied. Results show that for both alloys of Fe-10Cr and Fe-20Cr, the mass gain of the alloy coated with 40–45 g/m2 of 75 Na2SO4 + 25 NaCl is greater than that of the alloy coated with 20–25 g/m2 of the film with the same composition. The corrosion products of Fe-10Cr alloy can be divided into three layers, of which the outermost scale is Fe2O3, the intermediate layer is mixed oxides of Fe2O3 and Cr2O3, and the innermost layer is mainly chromium sulfide. However, the corrosion products of Fe-20Cr only consist of two layers: the external scale of Fe2O3 and Cr2O3, and the internal layer of chromium sulfide. Compared to Fe-10Cr, Fe-20Cr has better hot corrosion resistance. The hot corrosion mechanism was proposed and the influence of the different coating mass of 75 Na2SO4 + 25 NaCl is also discussed.

Classical and quantum wormholes in a 5D compact Kaluza–Klein theory

We study the classical and quantum euclidean wormholes for an empty (4+1) dimensional Kaluza–Klein universe with a positive cosmological constant and a spatially flat Robertson–Walker type metric. It is shown that classical wormholes do not exist neither for the space–time sector nor the extra dimensional sector of this model, but two spectra of quantum wormholes as the solutions of the Wheeler–DeWitt equation exist that are consistent with the Hawking–Page conjecture about the necessary boundary conditions. In the spectrum where the external scale factor R shapes the quantum wormholes the internal scale factor a may play the role of effective matter source, and in the spectrum where the internal scale factor a shapes the quantum wormholes the external scale factor R may play the role of effective matter source.

Failure Investigation on Reheater Pendent Tubes Due to External Scale Exfoliation and Internal Scale Formation

This paper presents failure investigation on reheater pendent SA213-T22 tubes through visual inspections, steam-side scale and tube wall thickness measurements, metallurgical examinations, and creep analysis. The investigations were carried out following subsequent tube failures of the reheater pendent region of a boiler unit. Interaction event of significant internal scale formation causing the higher metal temperature and external scale exfoliation as a result of high-temperature corrosion is identified to cause the failure of the reheater pendent tube. Prevention actions are recommended to avoid similar failures in the future.

Oxidation Behavior of Fe-Y Coatings Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering

By means of magnetron sputtering, the Fe-Y coatings containing 15.4%, 20.7% and 32.7% Y (atom fraction), were deposited on stainless steels. The sputtered coatings were investigated by discontinuous weigh measurement. The results indicate that the oxidation kinetics can be divided into three stages, of which the first and second stages obey the parabolic rate law, while the oxidation kinetic curves of the last stage nearly exhibits horizontal lines. With the increase of the content of Y, the oxidation rate obviously increases. The external scale of the three kinds of alloys is substantially similar. After 24-h oxidation at 800 °C under 1 atm of air, the surface of sputtered coating is mainly transformed into three types of oxide scales, of which the thin outermost layer was Fe2O3, the innermost is YFeO3 mixed with double oxides including FeO or Fe3O4. Single Y2O3 layer was not formed on the surface or in the alloys. The results were disscussed by taking into account the defects in the metal oxide, the self-diffusion of the elements in the alloys, and the low diffusion of yttrium in iron.