Local existence–uniqueness and monotone iterative approximation of positive solutions for p-Laplacian differential equations involving tempered fractional derivatives

In this paper, we are concerned with a kind of tempered fractional differential equation Riemann–Stieltjes integral boundary value problems with p-Laplacian operators. By means of the sum-type mixed monotone operators fixed point theorem based on the cone $P_{h}$ P h , we obtain not only the local existence with a unique positive solution, but also construct two successively monotone iterative sequences for approximating the unique positive solution. Finally, we present an example to illustrate our main results.

Stationary Distribution and Extinction in a Stochastic SIQR Epidemic Model Incorporating Media Coverage and Markovian Switching

This paper is concerned with the dynamic characteristics of the SIQR model with media coverage and regime switching. Firstly, the existence of the unique positive solution of the proposed system is investigated. Secondly, by constructing a suitable random Lyapunov function, some sufficient conditions for the existence of a stationary distribution is obtained. Meanwhile, the conditions for extinction is also given. Finally, some numerical simulation examples are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.

Mass Concentration and Asymptotic Uniqueness of Ground State for 3-Component BEC with External Potential in ℝ2

We investigate the ground states of 3-component Bose–Einstein condensates with harmonic-like trapping potentials in ℝ 2 {\mathbb{R}^{2}} , where the intra-component interactions μ i {\mu_{i}} and the inter-component interactions β i ⁢ j = β j ⁢ i {\beta_{ij}=\beta_{ji}} ( i , j = 1 , 2 , 3 {i,j=1,2,3} , i ≠ j {i\neq j} ) are all attractive. We display the regions of μ i {\mu_{i}} and β i ⁢ j {\beta_{ij}} for the existence and nonexistence of the ground states, and give an elaborate analysis for the asymptotic behavior of the ground states as β i ⁢ j ↗ β i ⁢ j * := a ∗ + 1 2 ⁢ ( a ∗ - μ i ) ⁢ ( a ∗ - μ j ) {\beta_{ij}\nearrow\beta_{ij}^{*}:=a^{\ast}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{{(a^{\ast}-\mu_{i% })(a^{\ast}-\mu_{j})}}} , where 0 < μ i < a ∗ := ∥ w ∥ 2 2 {0<\mu_{i}<a^{\ast}:=\|w\|_{2}^{2}} are fixed and w is the unique positive solution of Δ ⁢ w - w + w 3 = 0 {\Delta w-w+w^{3}=0} in H 1 ⁢ ( ℝ 2 ) {H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{2})} . The energy estimation as well as the mass concentration phenomena are studied, and when two of the intra-component interactions are equal, the nondegeneracy and the uniqueness of the ground states are proved.

A fractional q-difference equation eigenvalue problem with p(t)-Laplacian operator

This article is devoted to studying a nonhomogeneous boundary value problem involving Stieltjes integral for a more general form of the fractional q-difference equation with p(t)-Laplacian operator. Here p(t)-Laplacian operator is nonstandard growth, which has been used more widely than the constant growth operator. By using fixed point theorems of φ – (h, e)-concave operators some conditions, which guarantee the existence of a unique positive solution, are derived. Moreover, we can construct an iterative scheme to approximate the unique solution. At last, two examples are given to illustrate the validity of our theoretical results.

Some Higher-Degree Lacunary Fractional Splines in the Approximation of Fractional Differential Equations

In this article, we begin by introducing two classes of lacunary fractional spline functions by using the Liouville–Caputo fractional Taylor expansion. We then introduce a new higher-order lacunary fractional spline method. We not only derive the existence and uniqueness of the method, but we also provide the error bounds for approximating the unique positive solution. As applications of our fundamental findings, we offer some Liouville–Caputo fractional differential equations (FDEs) to illustrate the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method. Several recent developments on the the theory and applications of FDEs in (for example) real-life situations are also indicated.

Uniqueness of positive solutions for boundary value problems associated with indefinite ϕ-Laplacian-type equations

This paper provides a uniqueness result for positive solutions of the Neumann and periodic boundary value problems associated with the ϕ-Laplacian equation ( ϕ ( u ′ ) ) ′ + a ( t ) g ( u ) = 0 , (\phi \left(u^{\prime} ))^{\prime} +a\left(t)g\left(u)=0, where ϕ is a homeomorphism with ϕ(0) = 0, a(t) is a stepwise indefinite weight and g(u) is a continuous function. When dealing with the p-Laplacian differential operator ϕ(s) = ∣s∣ p−2 s with p > 1, and the nonlinear term g(u) = u γ with γ ∈ R \gamma \in {\mathbb{R}} , we prove the existence of a unique positive solution when γ ∈ ]− ∞ \infty , (1 − 2p)/(p − 1)] ∪ ]p − 1, + ∞ \infty [.

Paradox of Enrichment in a Stochastic Predator-Prey Model

We propose a stochastic predator-prey model to study a novel idea that involves investigating random noises effects on the enrichment paradox phenomenon. Existence and stochastic boundedness of a unique positive solution with positive initial conditions are proved. The global asymptotic stability is studied to determine the occurrence of the enrichment paradox phenomenon. We show theoretically that intensive noises play an important role in the occurrence of the phenomenon, where increasing intensive noises lead to occurrence of the paradox of enrichment. We perform numerical simulations to verify and demonstrate the theoretical results. The new results in this study may contribute to increasing attention to study the random noise effects on some ecological and biological phenomena as the paradox of enrichment.

Estimation of the Hurst index of the solutions of fractional SDE with locally Lipschitz drift

Strongly consistent and asymptotically normal estimates of the Hurst index H are obtained for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) that have a unique positive solution. A strongly convergent approximation of the considered SDE solution is constructed using the backward Euler scheme. Moreover, it is proved that the Hurst estimator preserves its properties, if we replace the solution with its approximation.

Stability and Asymptotic Behavior of a Regime-Switching SIRS Model with Beddington–DeAngelis Incidence Rate

A regime-switching SIRS model with Beddington–DeAngelis incidence rate is studied in this paper. First of all, the property that the model we discuss has a unique positive solution is proved and the invariant set is presented. Secondly, by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functionals, global stochastic asymptotic stability of the model under certain conditions is proved. Then, we leave for studying the asymptotic behavior of the model by presenting threshold values and some other conditions for determining disease extinction and persistence. The results show that stochastic noise can inhibit the disease and the behavior will have different phenomena owing to the role of regime-switching. Finally, some examples are given and numerical simulations are presented to confirm our conclusions.