Are Dutch posture verbs lexical or functional elements?

In Dutch, posture verbs like liggen ‘lie’ and staan ‘stand’ are obligatorily used in locative constructions with inanimate subjects, classifying the spatial Figure-Ground relation. Prima facie, in this use, posture verbs seem more like functional elements than like lexical verbs. This paper investigates processing of Dutch posture verbs in a reference resolution task in the visual world paradigm, to get more clarity on the nature of these verbs. We know that lexical verbs like rinkelen ‘ring’ cause anticipatory looks towards a matching target referent like telefoon ‘telephone’; and that they suppress looks to a phonological competitor like telescoop ‘telescope’. The functional property of grammatical gender on determiners (de vs. het) is less robust in directing looks. When it comes to anticipating the target referent, and suppressing looks to a phonological competitor, do posture verbs pattern with lexical verbs, or with functional elements like grammatical gender?

Functional and Material Properties in Nanocatalyst Design: A Data Handling and Sharing Problem

(1) Background: Properties and descriptors are two forms of molecular in silico representations. Properties can be further divided into functional, e.g., catalyst or drug activity, and material, e.g., X-ray crystal data. Millions of real measured functional property records are available for drugs or drug candidates in online databases. In contrast, there is not a single database that registers a real conversion, TON or TOF data for catalysts. All of the data are molecular descriptors or material properties, which are mainly of a calculation origin. (2) Results: Here, we explain the reason for this. We reviewed the data handling and sharing problems in the design and discovery of catalyst candidates particularly, material informatics and catalyst design, structural coding, data collection and validation, infrastructure for catalyst design and the online databases for catalyst design. (3) Conclusions: Material design requires a property prediction step. This can only be achieved based on the registered real property measurement. In reality, in catalyst design and discovery, we can observe either a severe functional property deficit or even property famine.

Maintenance of Bound or Independent Features in Visual Working Memory is Task-dependent

Over the last decade, seemingly conflicting results were obtained regarding the question of whether features of an object are stored separately, or bound together, in working memory (WM). Many of these studies are based on an implicit assumption about a default, or fixed, mode of working memory storage. However, according to recent findings about the functional property of WM, we proposed that anticipated memory probes used in a given experiment might actually determine the format in which information is maintained in WM. In order to test this flexible maintenance hypothesis, we recorded EEG while subjects performed a delayed-match-to-sample task with and without the requirement of maintaining bound features. In two experiments, we found significant differences in EEG signals recorded in central-parietal channels between the two conditions, providing reliable evidence for such flexible maintenance.

Verbal Monomials in English for Audit and Accounting

The paper research is work in progress and makes part of a publication set devoted the study of the English monomials and polynomials in the professional domain of audit and accounting, on the one hand. On the other, the research can be treated as a standalone piece for the study into the nature of verbal monomials as set term clusters in English for Audit and Accounting. The scope of research arrives at the following objectives. One objective is to give an overview of the term ‘monomial’ in English for Audit and Accounting, or English for A&A, which leads to understanding of the verbal monomial in English for A&A, correspondingly. The other objective refers to the classification introduced earlier as attributable to the analysis of the structure of the mentioned monomials and polynomials in English for A&A from a morphological perspective of the head term in a monomial, i.e. nounal, verbal, adjectival and adverbial. The said classification in this work associates with verbal monomials in English for A&A only, and provides a relevant sub-classification of the relevant verbal monomials through the lens of their functional properties and roles in a sentence, under the professional language framework. The results and discussion section presents five distinct groups of verbal monomials in English for Audit and Accounting, each corresponding to a specific syntactical role and functional property in a sentence. A variety of the examples helps see and identify the type of the English verbal monomial in the area of audit and accounting.