Kaluza-Klein from colour-kinematics duality for massive fields

We consider a broad class of massive four dimensional effective theories describing an infinite tower of charged massive spin 1 states, interacting with massless spin 1 and spin 0. The spectrum is chosen to be the same as that appears in the Kaluza-Klein theory reduction of 5d Yang-Mills to ensure the absence of any spurious poles in a possible double copy formulation. The effective theories are characterized by multiple different couplings between different fields which are unconstrained by symmetries and low energy criteria. Remarkably, by demanding that the scattering amplitudes preserve colour-kinematics duality for different scattering processes, required for the existence of a massive double copy, we find that our 4d Lagrangian is fixed uniquely to the Kaluza-Klein compactification of 5d Yang-Mills theory together with its known double copy consistent higher derivative operators.

Translation Quality Analysis of Japanese Oral Translation (Tsuyaku)

The oral translation course at the Japanese Language Education Study Program, Universitas Brawijaya does not impose special requirements for students who want to take it. For this reason, this study aims to analyse the quality of student’s oral translations and to determine the competencies that affect the results of student’s Japanese-Indonesian oral translations. In the translation quality, special parameters are used as measurement tools, which are: accuracy, fluency, and clarity. Meanwhile, the parameters to determine the competence that affects the translation results using the bilingual sub-competence, extralinguistic sub-competence, nation translation sub-competence, instrumental sub-competence, strategic sub-competence, psychological sub-competence. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The data used in this study were the transcripts of the results of the oral translation exercises from the audio “Nihongo Soumatome Mondai” that was played. The data collection technique uses primary and secondary sources. The analysis in this study used Miles and Huberman theory (reduction, data display, and verification). The result of accuracy parameter is inaccurate and the fluency parameter of the most translated result is fluent. In the clarity parameter, the highest number of translated results is non-acceptable. This shows that although students are fluent, their translation result are not acceptable. Meanwhile, the translation competence that affects the translation results of students who take the tsuuyaku course is the lack of a bilingual sub-competency factor or mastery of the source language of a translator. Although they already had the basics of translation before, however, due to the low bilingual sub-competence, no matter how well the translation theory has been mastered, it is still difficult to produce an accurate and clear translation.

6d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (1, 0) anomalies on S1 and F-theory implications

We show that the pure gauge anomalies of 6d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = (1, 0) theories compactified on a circle are captured by field-dependent Chern-Simons terms appearing at one-loop in the 5d effective theories. These terms vanish if and only if anomalies are canceled. In order to obtain this result, it is crucial to integrate out the massive Kaluza-Klein modes in a way that preserves 6d Lorentz invariance; the often-used zeta-function regularization is not sufficient. Since such field-dependent Chern-Simons terms do not arise in the reduction of M-theory on a threefold, six-dimensional F-theory compactifications are automatically anomaly free, whenever the M/F-duality can be used. A perfect match is then found between the 5d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 prepotentials of the classical M-theory reduction and one-loop circle compactification of an anomaly free theory. Finally, from this potential, we read off the quantum corrections to the gauge coupling functions.

A thermoelastoplastic theory for special Cosserat rods

A general framework is presented to model coupled thermoelastoplastic deformations in the theory of special Cosserat rods. The use of the one-dimensional form of the energy balance in conjunction with the one-dimensional entropy balance allows us to obtain an additional equation for the evolution of a temperature-like one-dimensional field variable, together with constitutive relations for this theory. Reduction to the case of thermoelasticity leads us to the well-known nonlinear theory of thermoelasticity for special Cosserat rods. Later on, additive decomposition is used to separate the thermoelastic part of the strain measures of the rod from their plastic counterparts. We then present the most general quadratic form of the Helmholtz energy per unit undeformed length for both hemitropic and transversely isotropic rods. We also propose a prototype yield criterion in terms of forces, moments, and hardening stress resultants, as well as associative flow rules for the evolution of plastic strain measures and hardening variables.

Reduction

Reduction and reductionism have been central philosophical topics in analytic philosophy of science for more than six decades. Together they encompass a diversity of issues from metaphysics and epistemology. This article provides an introduction to the topic that illuminates how contemporary epistemological discussions took their shape historically and limns the contours of concrete cases of reduction in specific natural sciences. The unity of science and the impulse to accomplish compositional reduction in accord with a layer-cake vision of the sciences, the seminal contributions of Ernest Nagel on theory reduction and how they strongly conditioned subsequent philosophical discussions, and the detailed issues pertaining to different accounts of reduction that arise in both physical and biological science (e.g., limit-case and part-whole reduction in physics, the difference-making principle in genetics, and mechanisms in molecular biology) are explored. The conclusion argues that the epistemological heterogeneity and patchwork organization of the natural sciences encourages a pluralist stance about reduction.