Voter Behaviour of Local Community in Indonesia: Evidence from The Ambaipua Village Community in Regional Head Elections of South Konawe 2020

The research aims to determine and analyze the voter behavior of the Ambaipua Village community in regional head elections of South Konawe in 2020. This research uses political participation and voter behavior concept to see what underlying the community in determining the choice of their regional head, whether influenced by sociological, psychological or rational aspects. The data collection techniques used were interviews, literature studies and documentation. The results showed that the voting pattern of the Ambaipua Village community could be understood from three approaches, namely sociology, psychology and rational. A sociological approach in which the majority of informants stated that the religious aspect greatly affects who the candidate will be elected, that they will choose a candidate who has the same belief/religion. Meanwhile, from the psychological approach, it was found that the informants were not influenced by the political parties carrying the regional head candidates, but the majority would choose the incumbent with the assumption that they had succeeded in developing the region in the previous period. On the other hand, the rational approach was seen from the tendency of informants to choose candidate who have good political experience. Based on the results by the writers, it can be concluded that the sociological approach especially religion is more prominent than the other two approaches. This is because religious knowledge will have a great influence on aspects of people's lives, including their political choices.

ELECTORAL POLITICAL SCIENCE: FROM APPEARANCE TO AUTONOMIZATION

The article considers the development of electoral political science as a new direction of Ukrainian political science. It is noted that in connection with the democratization of post-Soviet political regimes, there is an objective need to conduct electoral research, which should explain the peculiarities of voter behavior and the prospects for the use of electoral technologies. The origins of electoral research in American political science (P. Lazarsfeld, B. Berelson, G. Goda, E. Katz) and their perspectives in the context of possible autonomy in Ukrainian political science are shown. The contribution of specific foreign and domestic scientists to the development of electoral political science is highlighted. It is concluded that in Ukraine electoral political science as a scientific discourse emerged in the last decade of the twentieth century almost "from scratch" and is now formed as an autonomous branch of domestic political science.

Perilaku pemilih pada pemilihan umum kepala daerah Kota Tangerang Selatan dalam masa pandemi covid-19

This study aims to analyze the real condition of voter behavior in the South Tangerang City Regional Head Election during the Covid-19 pandemic, and identify factors that influence voter behavior in the South Tangerang City Regional Head Election during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects were community members in the Benda Baru area, Pamulang District. Data collection is done by interview, observation, and documentation. The results of the study concluded that; 1) Voter participation in the 2020 regional head election in the Benda Baru Pamulang area was 18,982 people or reached 61 percent and 12,132 people did not exercise their right to vote, or 39 percent, of the total number of people voting as many as 31,114 people. Meanwhile, the behavior of voters in determining their political rights is still dominated by figures and money politics. 2) Citizens' concerns about life safety due to the transmission of the covid-19 outbreak which is the main factor in the decline in public participation in exercising their right to vote in elections to regions in the Benda Baru Pamulang area, South Tangerang City. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi riil perilaku pemilih pada pemilihan umum kepala daerah Kota Tangerang Selatan dalam masa pandemi Covid-19, dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku pemilih pada Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah Kota Tangerang Selatan dalam masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah warga masyarakat di wilayah Benda Baru Kecamatan Pamulang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa; 1) Partisipasi pemilih pada ajang pemilihan kepala daerah tahun 2020 di wilayah Benda Baru Pamulang sebanyak 18.982 jiwa atau mencapai 61 persen dan yang tidak menggunakan hak pilih sebanyak 12.132 atau mencapai 39 persen, dari total jumlah jiwa pilih sebanyak 31.114 jiwa pilih. Sementara perilaku pemilih dalam menentukan hak politiknya masih didominasi oleh sosok figur dan politik uang (money politics). 2) Kekhawatiran warga akan keselamatan jiwa akibat penularan wabah covid-19 yang menjadi faktor utama menurunnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam menggunakan hak pilih pada pemilihan kepada daerah di wilayah Benda Baru Pamulang Kota Tangerang Selatan.

Voter outreach campaigns can reduce affective polarization among implementing political activists

Political campaigns regularly dispatch activists to contact voters. A large literature considers the effects of these conversations on voter behavior and opinion, but little research has examined their impacts on the implementing activists—an important population given the outsized influence politically active Americans wield. We argue personal persuasion campaigns can reduce affective polarization among the implementing activists. We report data from three real-world campaigns wherein activists attempted to persuade voters who had opposing viewpoints: two campaigns about a politicized issue (immigration) and a third about the 2020 Presidential election. All three campaigns trained activists to persuade voters through in-depth, two-way conversations. We find that these voter outreach efforts meaningfully reduced affective polarization among implementing activists, with reductions large enough to reverse over a decade of increases in affective polarization. Qualitative responses suggest that the conversations reduce polarization by creating opportunities for perspective-getting, which reduced animosity by humanizing and individuating outpartisans. We discuss the implications of our findings for theories of affective polarization and prejudice reduction more generally.

Gender-Equality Concerns and Political Attitudes toward Women in the 2019 Legislative Election: Evidence from Pelalawan

The presence of women in Indonesian politics remains underrepresented whereas cultural and societal aspects pose critical influence in determining voter behavior toward female candidates. The aim of this article is to examine voter behavior regarding female candidates and the probability for them to be elected as members of parliament. We apply quantitative method by developing three models representing three combinations of predictor variables, (i) socio-demography, (ii) gender- equality concern, and (iii) political attitude towards female candidates as determinants towards female candidate electability. The study took place in Pelalawan Regency in Riau Province, by analyzing 400 respondents with equal numbers of men and women from various socio-economic backgrounds through clustered random sampling method. We tested these hypotheses and our three models by utilizing logistic regression analysis. The result shows that political attitude toward female candidates (Model 3) are the strongest coefficient and most significant determinant for female candidate electability. The study also revealed that female candidate’s electability in Pelalawan Regency is lower than male candidate’s electability among male respondents. On the other hand, female candidate’s electability is higher than male candidate’s electability among female respondents. Moreover, we also found that education determines female candidate’s electability where the more educated an individual is, the more he/she tends to vote for female candidates.

Asymmetric Partisan Voter Turnout Games

Since Downs proposed that the act of voting is irrational in 1957, myriad models have been proposed to explain voting and account for observed turnout patterns. We propose a model in which partisans consider both the instrumental and expressive benefits of their vote when deciding whether or not to abstain in an election, introducing an asymmetry that most other models do not consider. Allowing learning processes within our electorate, we analyze what evolutionarily stable strategies are rationalizable under various conditions. Upon varying electorate size, the partisan split of the electorate, and the degree to which an electorate takes underdog considerations into account in its payoff structure, we find that different equilibria arise. Our model predicts comparative statics that are consistent with voter behavior, specifically affirming a “size effect,” in which turnout decreases as electorate size increases. Furthermore, relaxing some of our preliminary assumptions eliminates some of the discrepancies between the predictions of our model and empirical voter behavior. In particular, our work demonstrates that misperceptions about the partisan split of an electorate may account for high turnout behavior .