Effect of thyroxine and rGH hormone recombinant on growth and survival goldfish larvae, Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Slow growth is obstacles to achieving the target of goldfish production (Carassius auratus auratus). The process of metabolism and growth in fish is influenced by hormonal factors. This research was conducted in February-March 2016 at Hatchery and Aquaculture Technology Laboratory Aquaculture Study Program of Faculty of Agriculture University of Malikussaleh. This study aims to examine the effect of thyroxine (T4) and hormone recombinant Growth Hormone (rGH) hormone by immersion method with different doses on growth and survival of goldfish larvae. The experimental method using a complete non factorial randomized design with four three replication treatments. The treatment is: A= control, B= T4 0.05 mgL-1 + rGH 5 mgL-1, C= T4 0.1 mgL-1 + rGH 10 mgL-1, D = T4 0.15 mgL-1 + rGH 15 mgL-1. Result of research with giving of recombination of hormone T4 and hormone rGH with different dose have an effect on to decrease of yolk volume, egg yolk absorption rate, growth and survival with p value <0,05 . The best treatment is in treatment D (T4 0, 15mgL-1 + rGH 15 mg L-1) with yolk volume and egg yolk absorption rate for 36 hours, growth weight: 3.09 mg, growth length: 1.75 mm, and 81% stability. The values of waters quality the study was 27-28 oC, pH 7.0-7.4, dissolved oxygen 5-6.1 ppm and ammonia 0.1073-0.1793 ppm, still support optimal fish growth for the goldfish. This research is expected to accelerate the growth process of the goldfish larvae with excellent syntax value.AbstrakPertumbuhan yang lambat merupakan kendala dalam mencapai target produksi ikan maskoki (Carassius auratus auratus). Proses metabolisme dan pertumbuhan pada ikan dipengaruhi oleh faktor hormonal. Penelitian ini dilaksa-nakan pada bulan Februari-Maret 2016 di Laboratorium Pembenihan dan Teknologi Budidaya, Perairan Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Malikussaleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pe-ngaruh pemberian hormon tiroksin (T4) dan hormon rGH (recombinant Growth Hormone) melalui metode peren-daman dengan dosis yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan sintasan larva ikan maskoki. Metode penelitian ekspe-rimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial dengan empat perlakuan tiga ulangan. Adapun perlakuannya adalah: A= Kontrol, B= T4 0,05 mgL-1+ rGH 5 mgL-1, C= T4 0,1 mgL-1+ rGH 10 mgL-1, D = T4 0,15 mgL-1+ rGH 15 mgL-1. Hasil penelitian dengan pemberian rekombinasi hormon T4 dan hormon rGH dengan dosis yang berbeda ber-pengaruh terhadap penurunan volume kuning telur, laju penyerapan kuning telur, pertumbuhan dan sintasan dengan nilai p< 0,05. Perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan D (T4 0,15 mg L-1 + rGH 15 mgL-1) dengan hasil volume kuning telur dan laju penyerapan kuning telur selama 36 jam, pertumbuhan bobot : 3,09 mg, pertumbuhan panjang : 1,75 mm, dan sintasan : 81 %. Nilai kualitas air selama penelitian yaitu suhu 27-28 oC, pH 7,0-7,4, oksigen terlarut 5-6,1 mgL-1 dan amonia 0,1073-0,1793 mgL-1, masih mendukung pertumbuhan ikan yang optimal bagi ikan mas koki. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu mempercepat proses pertumbuhan larva ikan mas koki dengan nilai sintasan yang sangat baik.

Development Of Larvae Rainbow Fish Boesemani (Melanotaenia boesemani): Phase Depreciation of Yellow Egg, Forming Eyes and Opening of Mouth

<p><em>Abstract </em><strong>– One of the factors that caused larval mortality is the availability of food which is not in accordance with the mouth opening. At the same time the larvae require considerable energy to the development of organs. The Completeness of organs used in feed searching as the eyes is also becoming important. The larvae use eyes to see the feed material in their surrounding waters. This study aimed to measure the volume of egg yolk, eye diameter and wide mouth opening during larval development rainbow fish boesemani (<em>Melanotaenia boesemani</em>). The stages of the research include larval maintenance, depreciation egg yolk observations, calculate the size of the increase in larval eye and mouth openings. The results of this study showed that newly hatched rainbow boesemani larvae have egg yolks, eyes and mouth. The newly hatched larvae have a yolk volume average of 0.053 mm³. Egg yolks will expire at the time of 2 days old larvae. The formation of the eye, has occurred inside the eggs and newly hatched larvae have an average diameter of eye of 0.459 mm. The newly hatched larvae have a wide mouth opening average of 0.229 mm. An larvae older than 21 days and 30 days has a wide mouth opening average of 0.82 mm and 1.725 mm.</strong><strong></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> – <em>Rainbow fish Melanotaenia boesemani, larval development, egg yolks, eyes, mouth</em></p>

Effect of Thyroxine Hormone Administration in Female Broodstock on Metamorphosis and Survival Rates of Marble Goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata, BLKR.) Larva

<p>The experiment was conducted to study the effect of thyroxine hormone injection on female marble goby on metamorphosis and survival rate of their larva. Thyroxine hormone was injected into female at the dosage of 0,25 and 50 µg/g body weight. And then the female were reared with males in spawning tanks. Spawned eggs were hatched and the larva was observed for organogenesis, yolk absorption and growth in length. Formation of eye spot, swim bladder and body pigment becoming faster as the increase in thyroxine hormone dose. Yolk volume in larva that was obtained form thyroxine injected female decreased faster than those of control. Thyroxine hormone did not affected length growth and survival rate</p> <p>Key words: Marble goby, broodstock, thyroxine, metamorphosis, survival rate, larva</p>

Time of hatching affects development, size, yolk volume, and mortality of newly hatched Macrozoarces americanus (Pisces: Zoarcidae)

The ocean pout, Macrozoarces americanus, is well developed at hatching and strongly resembles the adult. Developing embryos and newly hatched larvae have teeth, are well ossified and pigmented, and have a complete complement of fin rays. The feeding repertoire is simple and lacks the dramatic behavioural changes that usually occur in less-developed larvae of other species. Length and weight at hatching are positively correlated with time of hatch and differ significantly for early- and late-hatched individuals. Early-hatched individuals have no ossified bones, are smaller, and have higher rates of mortality than late-hatched individuals; however, early-hatched individuals have higher growth rates and larger yolk-sac volumes than late-hatched individuals. The large size at hatching, simple feeding repertoire, short time to first feeding (< 24 h), presence of numerous teeth, rapid yolk absorption, and low mortality are characteristic of newly hatched M. americanus and suggest that the larval stage is of very short duration, if present at all. We suggest that a larval stage is absent and that M. americanus hatch as juveniles.

Efficiency and Rate of Yolk Utilization by Developing Embryos and Larvae of the Pacific Sardine Sardinops caerulea (Girard)

The chemical composition of ripe Pacific sardine ovaries, composed primarily of yolk, is almost identical to that of yolk extracted from planktonic sardine embryos and larvae. Caloric measurements were made on ripe ovaries and the values obtained were used to estimate the caloric content of individual sardine embryos and larvae.Water content of sardine egg and larval yolk averages 91.2%. An egg with a yolk volume of 0.56-mm3 has a caloric reserve of 0.30 calorie when spawned. Caloric uptake from the embryonic and larval yolk was measured against time, and caloric utilization due to catabolic processes was analysed by indirect calorimetry (oxygen consumption) with changing embryological development and swimming activity. The caloric value of the remaining yolk 160 hours after spawning; (at 14 °C) is not sufficient to completely support the sardine larva's catabolic processes. This deficit is made up by resorption of tissue and is reflected in a loss of larval weight. Yolk is converted into tissue with an average assimilation coefficient of about 79%.