Călătorie prin trecut și prezent. Căsătoria și regimurile matrimoniale

"Marriage certainly has an interesting evolution, sometimes even spectacular. This institution, related to that of the family, has played an important role in society throughout the evolution of humanity, from a means of protection, to an alliance, reaching in our times a consensual union based on love. Society and marriage, as we will see, have a parallel development and any change in the values of human society also determines changes in the definition of the concepts of marriage and family. For example, the decrease in women's dependence played a decisive role, as it participated morally and financially in the development of married life. The changes in the management of cultural and ideological family life bring us to our times when there is more and more talk about same-sex marriages. Whether we call forth historical data or legal regulations, or whether we turn our attention to religion, literature, or art, marital union is the source of inspiration that has endured over time."

Role of HPV 16 variants among cervical samples from Northeastern Brazil

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer affecting women globally. In Brazil, it is the third most frequent type of cancer in women and HPV is present in approximately 90% of cases. Evidence suggests that variants of HPV 16 can interfere biologically and etiologically during the development of cervical cancer. Methods: Cervix tumor fragments were collected, their DNA was extracted, and nested PCR was used to detect HPV. Positive samples were sequenced to determine the viral genotype. To characterize the HPV 16 strains, positive samples PCR was used to amplify the LCR and E6 regions of the HPV 16 virus. Results: Data from 120 patients with cervical cancer were analyzed. Most women were between 41 and 54 years of age, had schooling until primary school, a family income between 1 and 2 times the minimum wage and were married/in a consensual union. There was no statistically significant association between HPV or socio-demographic variables and risk factors for cervical cancer (P < 0.05). HPV was present in 88 women (73%). The most prevalent types were HPV 16 (47/54%), HPV 18 (12/13.8%), HPV 35 (6/6.9%) and HPV 45 (5/5.7%). Of the 47 HPV 16 positive cases, variant A (49%) was present in 23 samples, followed by variant D in 20 cases (43%), and variants B and C in 2 cases each (4%).The most prevalent histological type of HPV 16 tumors was epidermoid carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. There was a statistically significant association between HPV 16 variants and the tumors’ histological types (P < 0.001).Conclusions: Knowledge of HPV 16 variants will provide data on their influence on the pathological and oncogenic aspects of cervical lesions.

Role of HPV 16 variants among cervical samples from Northeastern Brazil

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer affecting women globally. In Brazil, it is the third most frequent type of cancer in women and HPV is present in approximately 90% of cases. Evidence suggests that variants of HPV 16 can interfere biologically and etiologically during the development of cervical cancer. Methods: Cervix tumor fragments were collected, their DNA was extracted, and nested PCR was used to detect HPV. Positive samples were sequenced to determine the viral genotype. To characterize the HPV 16 strains, positive samples PCR was used to amplify the LCR and E6 regions of the HPV 16 virus.Results: Data from 120 patients with cervical cancer were analyzed. Most women were between 41 and 54 years of age, had schooling until primary school, a family income between 1 and 2 times the minimum wage and were married/in a consensual union. There was no statistically significant association between HPV or socio-demographic variables and risk factors for cervical cancer (P < 0.05). HPV was present in 88 women (73%). The most prevalent types were HPV 16 (47/54%), HPV 18 (12/13.8%), HPV 35 (6/6.9%) and HPV 45 (5/5.7%). Of the 47 HPV 16 positive cases, variant A (49%) was present in 23 samples, followed by variant D in 20 cases (43%), and variants B and C in 2 cases each (4%).The most prevalent histological type of HPV 16 tumors was epidermoid carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. There was a statistically significant association between HPV 16 variants and the tumors’ histological types (P < 0.001).Conclusions: Knowledge of HPV 16 variants will provide data on their influence on the pathological and oncogenic aspects of cervical lesions.

HOSPITAL PEDAGOGY: A SPACE OF LOVE AND RECOGNITION FOR THE ONCOLOGICAL PEDIATRIC PATIENT

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the perception on hospital pedagogy of family caregivers of pediatric cancer patients in the Department of Córdoba, Colombia. Method: a qualitative study with an ethnographic approach whose results were obtained through interviews, participant observation and focus groups with 25 family caregivers enrolled in the database of the UNICOS, Volunteer School Support Program, of the University of Córdoba. Data was collected between February and June 2017, coded and organized in three axes: conceptions of hospital pedagogy, activities and didactics and values of the hospital pedagogue; and analyzed under the technique of multiple triangulation. Results: all caregivers belong to the female gender, between 20-40 years old, incomplete high school level, in a consensual union and unemployed; pedagogy is conceived as an act of love that is limited by the lack of adequate spaces and materials; the graphic-plastic activities and the interactive didactics that include music, directed readings and videos are the children's biggest preferences; in addition, the hospital pedagogue is conceived as a special person, with human warmth, sympathy and listening skills. Conclusion: hospital pedagogy is a strategy that allows coping with the disease, recognition of children and caregivers as subjects of rights and opportunities, and consolidation of inter-sectorial and interdisciplinary work for the development of the child's health.

Measuring the Influence of Social Mutations on the Precariousness of Women’s Marriage, the “Dismarriage”: Case of Niger Republic

The South societies, under the influence of their Northern counterparts, have undergone profound familial changes; these transformations are translated in a reduction of the number of marriages and in making wedlock unions fragile along with the consequences that this entails on children. Drawing on the data from four Demographic and Health surveys (DHS) (1992, 1998, 2006, and 2012) which Niger has so far conducted, this study aims at verifying whether the influence of social transformations on the family in Niger can be captured through an examination of the increase in median age at the first marriage, in the proportion of single women (and definitive celibacy), in polygamous marriages, in couples living in consensual union (not in wedlock), in the proportion of children living with their single mother, and in that of the divorced/separated women. Our results show that though urbanization and education influence marriage, women’s “dismarriage” is yet to be a topical issue. Thus, we notice an intensification of marriages which comes, however, with a slight increase in the age at first marriage.

Aspectos socioeconômicos e ambientais do reuso de águas residuárias em uma comunidade rural localizada no município de Apodi-RN

<p class="HOLOS-ResumoeAbstract">A utilização da água residuária na produção agrícola é uma alternativa sustentável do ponto de vista ambiental e, sobretudo econômica para a realidade da região Semiárida do Brasil. Este trabalho teve por objetivo caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico analisando o nível de satisfação de uma comunidade rural em relação ao reuso e seus benefícios sociais e ambientais. A pesquisa foi realizada no Projeto de Assentamento Milagre, localizado no município de Apodi no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A metodologia de análise foi por meio de aplicação de questionários com as famílias que correspondem um total de 26 casas. O período de aplicação dos questionários se deu no mês de junho de 2013. Constatou-se quanto aos aspectos socioeconômicos que as crianças de 0-3 anos de idade não dispõem de nenhum acompanhamento escolar. O estado civil dos chefes da família correspondia a 12% casados, 10% assumem uma união consensual e 1% dos assentados são viúvos. A maioria das famílias entrevistadas residem no próprio assentamento e 95% dos moradores trabalham na própria agricultura. Em relação à percepção dos moradores quanto ao reuso de água, foi possível observar que dentre os entrevistados a maioria responderam que com a ausência de esgoto a céu aberto ocorreu uma redução da proliferação de insetos e vetores, resultando em uma visão mais agradável da comunidade. </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Aspects socioeconomic and environmental of the reuse of wastewater in a rural community in the municipality of Apodi-RN</em></strong></p><p class="HOLOS-ResumoeAbstract"><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>:</strong> The use of wastewater in agriculture is a sustainable alternative from an environmental point of view and especially economic for the reality of the semi-arid region of Brazil. This study aimed to characterize the socioeconomic profile and analyze the level of satisfaction of a rural community in relation to reuse and its social and environmental benefits. The survey was conducted in the settlement Miracle Project, located in the municipality of Apodi / RN. The analysis methodology was through questionnaires with families matching a total of 26 homes. The questionnaires application period took place in June 2013. It was found as the socioeconomic aspects that children 0-3 years old lacked any school support. The marital status of head of household accounted for 12% married, 10% are of consensual union and 1% of the settlers are widowers. Most families interviewed live on the settlements and 95% of residents work in agriculture itself. Regarding the perception of residents regarding water reuse was observed that among the respondents most responded that with the absence of open sewage there was a reduction of proliferation of insects and vectors, resulting in a more pleasant view of community.</p><p> </p>