Analysis of the Sand Drying Process in the Biomass-Energized Rotary Drying Machine

Hebel brick (also known as a lightweight brick) is a product of modern building materials because it has a lighter weight but it is stronger than cement bricks and red bricks. Hebel bricks can withstand pressures of more than 4 MPa and are suitable as building wall materials, and speed up construction, and save on cement material costs. One of the most important materials is silica sand in the manufacture of Hebel bricks. The silica sand used in the manufacture of Hebel bricks must have a moisture content of 10 % to 15 %. The purpose of this study is to provide a solution in the form of a drying technique design using a rotational speed control method and a machine that uses biomass-based energy sources. This rotary drying machine is designed to be able to dry wet silica sand into silica sand with water content according to standards. The development of this drying machine begins with making an initial design and parameter analysis. Then proceed to the design, manufacture, and performance testing. The calculation results show that the wet base moisture content has decreased from 33.17 % to 16.58 %, the dry base moisture content decreased from 49.63 % to 19.88 % and drying efficiency also decreased from 63.11 % to 17.11 %. Hence it can be seen that the percentage of wet base moisture content reduced by 50 %, the percentage of dry base moisture content reduced by 59.94 %, and the percentage of drying efficiency reduced by 72.9 %.

Intelligent Control in the Application of a Rotary Dryer for Reduction in the Over-Drying of Cut Tobacco

The drying process is fundamental for cut tobacco processing. However, there are some problems related to the drying process such as overheating, or inconsistent control of moisture content. This paper shows how an intelligent controller is designed for an industrial rotary drying system. This controller is applied to a tobacco production unit to reduce overdried cut tobacco and improve the overall unit performance. The proposed control system aims to keep the content of moisture at the dryer outlet as close as possible to the optimal value and improve the homogeneity of the product without any operator intervention. The study shows that, if a reduction of humidity in the cut tobacco drying process is achieved using AI, the quality of the final product improves. In particular, if compared to regulatory control, the proposed method constantly monitors and adjusts the moisture content level in order to reduce the amount of overdried product. The findings of this paper indicate that the suggested process can save at least 222.2 kg of cut tobacco for each batch in the first stage of the drying process.

EFFORTS TO IMPROVE SALTED FISH QUALITY USING ROTARY DRYING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY IN GAMPONG KUALA LEUGE, PEUREULAK ACEH TIMUR

Gampong Kuala Leuge, Peureulak District is one of the National Priority Rural Areas (KPPN) which has been designated as a Capture and Cultivation Minapolitan area by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries because most of its people are fishermen. The conditions faced by the community regarding climate and weather, when the weather is hot, it is very easy to dry the fish, while in the rainy season generally, the salted fish will decrease. Thus, household scale competition also faces increasing competition in the digital age because people still use traditional tools and are very dependent on the climate. Therefore, in an effort to balance the competition it is necessary to increase the quality, productivity, and efficiency of the business by taking into account the aspects of food safety through the activities of the Village Development and Empowerment Holistic Program by creating a Rotary Drying System technology as a substitute for stocking to ensure the quality of fish and avoid contamination of microorganisms. From the problems obtained in the form of the dependence of the drying process on weather conditions so that salted fish products are not optimal, conventional marketing techniques have changed to modern ones by providing online shops, and financial management that has not been recorded properly has changed using digital transaction software.

Assessing Concentration Changes of Odorant Compounds in the Thermal-Mechanical Drying Phase of Sediment-Like Wastes from Olive Oil Extraction

In the industrial production of olive oil, both solid wastes and those produced from their incineration are a serious environmental problem since only 20% w/w of the fruit becomes oil and the rest is waste, mainly orujo and alperujo. A key aspect to transforming these wastes into an important source of energy such as pellets is to recognize the most appropriate time of the year for waste drying, with the objective of minimizing the environmental impact of the volatile compounds contained in the waste. In this work, the emissions produced during thermal-mechanical drying were studied throughout a period of six months of waste storage in which alperujo and orujo were stored in open containers under uncontrolled environmental conditions. The studied emissions were produced when both wastes were dried in a pilot rotary drying trommel at 450 °C to reduce their initial humidity of around 70–80% w/w to 10–15% w/w. Results indicated that when the storage time of the wastes in the uncontrolled environments increased, the emission of odorant compounds during drying also increased as a consequence of the biological and chemical processes occurring in the containers. The main odorant VOCs were quantified monthly for six months at the outlet of the drying trommel. It was determined that the drying of this type of waste could be carried out properly until the third month of storage. Afterwards, the concentration of most VOCs produced widely exceeded the odor thresholds of selected compounds.

Assessing Concentration Changes of Odorant Compounds in the Thermal-Mechanical Drying Phase of Sediment-Like Wastes from Olive Oil Extraction

In the industrial production of olive oil, both solid wastes and those produced from their incineration are a serious environmental problem since only 20% w/w of the fruit becomes oil and the rest is waste, mainly orujo and alperujo. A key aspect to transform these wastes into an important source of energy such as pellets is to recognize the most appropriate time of the year for waste drying, with the objective of minimizing the environmental impact of the volatile compounds contained in the waste. In this work, the emissions produced during thermal-mechanical drying were studied along a period of six months of waste storage in which alperujo and orujo were stored in open containers under uncontrolled environmental conditions. The studied emissions were produced when both wastes were dried in a pilot rotary drying trommel at 450ºC to reduce their initial humidity of around 70-80% w/w to 10-15% w/w. Results indicated that when the storage time of the wastes in uncontrolled environments increases, the emission of odorant compounds during drying also increases as a consequence of the biological and chemical processes occurring in the containers during waste storage. The main odorant VOCs were quantified monthly for six months at the outlet of the drying trommel. It was determined that the drying of this type of waste can be carried out properly until the third month of storage. Afterwards, the concentration of most VOCs produced widely exceeded the odor thresholds of selected compounds.

A CFD Study of the Air Distribution at Non-Conventional Dryers Using Different Configurations of Mini Pipes

Rotary dryers are a significant capital item for many industrial plants. Many potential benefits can be obtained through a greater understanding of the rotary drying process. In order to improve drying efficacy, a novel version of the rotary dryer, known as the rotoaerated dryer, was evaluated in previous studies. This work has studied the effect of the configuration and arrangement of mini-pipes in the rotoaerated dryers by experimental and CFD techniques. The results obtained showed that it was possible to predict the effect of variations in the configuration of the rotoaerated dryer and obtain the more appropriate arrangement of mini-pipes.