scholarly journals Intelligent Control in the Application of a Rotary Dryer for Reduction in the Over-Drying of Cut Tobacco

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8205
Author(s):  
Shunpeng Pang ◽  
Junhua Jia ◽  
Xiangqian Ding ◽  
Shusong Yu ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Moisture Content Level ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Cut Tobacco ◽  
Rotary Drying ◽  
Unit Performance

The drying process is fundamental for cut tobacco processing. However, there are some problems related to the drying process such as overheating, or inconsistent control of moisture content. This paper shows how an intelligent controller is designed for an industrial rotary drying system. This controller is applied to a tobacco production unit to reduce overdried cut tobacco and improve the overall unit performance. The proposed control system aims to keep the content of moisture at the dryer outlet as close as possible to the optimal value and improve the homogeneity of the product without any operator intervention. The study shows that, if a reduction of humidity in the cut tobacco drying process is achieved using AI, the quality of the final product improves. In particular, if compared to regulatory control, the proposed method constantly monitors and adjusts the moisture content level in order to reduce the amount of overdried product. The findings of this paper indicate that the suggested process can save at least 222.2 kg of cut tobacco for each batch in the first stage of the drying process.

scholarly journals Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cut Tobacco in a Batch Rotary Dryer by Multi-Objective Optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Feng Huang ◽  
Nan Deng ◽  
Qiaoling Li ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Ruilin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Weight Factor ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Cut Tobacco

Summary To simulate the drying process of cut tobacco in a batch rotary dryer, six different models of equilibrium moisture content were selected to calculate the driving force of mass transfer, and a mathematical model of heat and mass transfer was numerically solved. The multi-objective nonlinear problem of heat and mass transfer coefficients was optimized by employing a weight factor. The simulation results showed that the weight factor r was an important parameter for fitting results of moisture content and temperature. The model evaluation indices almost reached their minimal values with r at 0.1. For all the six equilibrium/classic models the fit was better for moisture content than for temperature. One model (M-Hen/C) was superior to other equilibrium/classic models and the REA (reaction engineering approach) model. This study aims for an understanding of heat and mass transfer in the tobacco drying process, and provides a theoretical framework to support the prediction of temperature and moisture in various drying situations.

scholarly journals Wood Chip Drying through the Using of a Mobile Rotary Dryer

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Del Giudice ◽  
Andrea Acampora ◽  
Enrico Santangelo ◽  
Luigi Pari ◽  
Simone Bergonzoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Cocurrent Flow ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Rotary Dryer

Drying is a critical point for the exploitation of biomass for energy production. High moisture content negatively affects the efficiency of power generation in combustion and gasification systems. Different types of dryers are available however; it is known that rotary dryers have low cost of maintenance and consume 15% and 30% less in terms of specific energy. The study analyzed the drying process of woody residues using a new prototype of mobile rotary dryer cocurrent flow. Woodchip of poplar (Populus spp.), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), and grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) pruning were dried in a rotary drier. The drying cycle lasted 8 h for poplar, 6 h for black locust, and 6 h for pruning of grapevine. The initial biomass had a moisture content of around 50% for the poplar and around 30% for grapevine and black locust. The study showed that some characteristics of the biomass (e.g., initial moisture content, particle size distribution, bulk density) influence the technical parameters (i.e., airflow temperature, rate, and speed) of the drying process and, hence, the energy demand. At the end of the drying process, 17% of water was removed for poplar wood chips and 31% for grapevine and black locust wood chips. To achieve this, result the three-biomass required 1.61 (poplar), 0.86 (grapevine), and 1.12 MJ kgdry solids−1 (black locust), with an efficiency of thermal drying (η) respectively of 37%, 12%, and 27%. In the future, the results obtained suggest an increase in the efficiency of the thermal insulation of the mobile dryer, and the application of the mobile dryer in a small farm, for the recovery of exhaust gases from thermal power plants.

A CFD Study of the Air Distribution at Non-Conventional Dryers Using Different Configurations of Mini Pipes

2014 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
B.C. Silvério ◽  
I.A. Resende ◽  
D.B. Santos ◽  
C.R. Duarte ◽  
M.A.S. Barrozo
Keyword(s):  
Air Distribution ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Rotary Drying

Rotary dryers are a significant capital item for many industrial plants. Many potential benefits can be obtained through a greater understanding of the rotary drying process. In order to improve drying efficacy, a novel version of the rotary dryer, known as the rotoaerated dryer, was evaluated in previous studies. This work has studied the effect of the configuration and arrangement of mini-pipes in the rotoaerated dryers by experimental and CFD techniques. The results obtained showed that it was possible to predict the effect of variations in the configuration of the rotoaerated dryer and obtain the more appropriate arrangement of mini-pipes.

Investigation on the Transport Characteristics of Typical Biological Slender Particles in a Pilot-Scale Rotary Dryer

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 315-321
Author(s):  
Wen Kui Zhu ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Chuan Fang Yu ◽  
Liang Yuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Average Residence Time ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Transport Velocity ◽  
Cut Tobacco

The transport characteristics of cut tobacco as a typical biological wet slender particle were investigated in a pilot-scale rotary cylinder. Effect of solids and gas flow rate, moisture content of particles and rotating speed of cylinder was analyzed. The adaptability of the classical Friedman model for predicting average residence time of these type particles was also investigated. The result shows that the gas flow rate, moisture content of particles as well as rotating speed of cylinder have a significant influence on the axis transport velocity and forward step per cycle of cut tobacco in rotary cylinder. It’s difficult for Friedman model to accurately describe influence of gas flow rate and moisture content on transport of cut tobacco, which was associated with the particle characterize and influence of moisture content on the fluidity of particles.

scholarly journals Optimization of Foam-Mat Drying Process of Watermelon Pulp Using Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. Isa ◽  
A. P. Olalusi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Moisture Content Level ◽  
Egg Albumen

Introduction: Foam mat drying involves the change of agricultural material from a high moisture content level to a stable foam which is achieved by moisture reduction mechanism. Aim: In this study, foam-mat drying process of watermelon was optimized using response surface methodology. Foaming conditions (carboxyl methyl cellulose and egg albumen) and the drying system parameters (air velocity and air temperature) were optimized using response surface methodology. Methodology: To evaluate the drying behaviour, the drying experiment was designed using design expert software using a central composite design setting variable of drying temperature (60°C – 80°C), air velocity (0.5 m/s – 2 m/s), carboxyl methyl cellulose (0.5% - 2.5%), egg albumen (5% - 15%). Twenty-two runs of the experiment were performed using different levels of variables combinations. Based on the statistical tests performed, the best model that described each response was selected using a polynomial analysis. Results: The optimum values for the drying conditions were: 77.42OC, 0.5m/s, 0.5% and 5% for temperature, air velocity, carboxyl methylcellulose and egg albumen respectively and the optimum values for the drying characteristics were: 25.07 KJ/mol, 1.7345E-10 m2/s, 29.019% (wet-basis). 0.742 g/cm3 and 540 minutes (approximately 9hrs) for activation energy, effective diffusivity, moisture content, foam density and the drying time respectively. Conclusion: The study of the foam-mat drying of watermelon pulp revealed that the inlet temperature, air velocity, CMC and egg albumen has a significant effect on its drying characteristics.

scholarly journals Research of Woody Biomass Drying Process in Pellet Production

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jevgenijs Selivanovs ◽  
Dagnija Blumberga ◽  
Jelena Ziemele ◽  
Andra Blumberga ◽  
Aiga Barisa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Pellet Production ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper presents results of experimental research on wood chips and sawdust drying in a rotary dryer. Empirical models for the assessment of two dependent parameters of the drying process were created based on the results of experimental data. The mathematical description of the relationship between the independent variable - reduced sawdust moisture content - and dependent variable - specific fuel consumption - is represented by a linear equation.

scholarly journals Performance of A Horizontal Cylinder Type Rotary Dryer for Drying Process ofOrganic Compost from Solid Waste Cocoa Pod

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukrisno Widyotomo ◽  
Sri Mulato ◽  
H Ahmad ◽  
Siswijanto Siswijanto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Horizontal Cylinder ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Organic Compost

Cocoa pod husk is the bigest component of cocoa pod, about 70% of total ht of mature pod, and to potentially used as organic compost source. Poten tial solid waste of cocoa pod husk from a cocoa processing centre is about 15— 22 m3/ha/year. A cocoa plantation needs about 20—30 ton/ha/year of organic matters. One of important steps in compos processing technology of cocoa pod solid waste is drying process. Organic compost with 20% moisture content is more easy in handling, application, storage and distribution. Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute has designed and tested a horizontal cylinder type rotary dryer for drying process of organic compos from solid waste cocoa pod with kerosene burner as energy sources. The objective of this research is to study performance of a horizontal cylinder type rotary dryer using kerosene burner as energy source for drying process of organic compost from solid waste cocoa pod. The material used was solid waste cocoa pod with 70—75% moisture content (wet basis), 70% size particle larger than 4.76 mm, and 30% size particle less than 4.76 mm, 690—695 kg/m3 bulk density. Drying process temperatures treatment were 60OC, 80OC, and 100OC, and cylinder rotary speed treatments were 7 rpm, 10 rpm, dan 16 rpm. The results showed that dryer had capacity about 102—150 kg/h depend on drying temperature and cylinder rotary speed. Optimum operation condition at 100OC drying temperature, and 10 rpm cylinder rotary speed with drying time to reach final moisture content of 20% was 1,6 h, capacity 136,14 kg/ h, bulk density 410 kg/m3, porocity 45,15%, kerosene consumption as energy source was 2,57 l/h, and drying efficiency 68,34%. Key words : cocoa, drying, rotary dryer, compost, waste

scholarly journals A Novel Parabolic Trough Concentrating Solar Heating for Cut Tobacco Drying System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Tao Liu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Qiong Fen Yu ◽  
De Li Ling
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Cut Tobacco ◽  
Opening Width

A novel parabolic trough concentrating solar heating for cut tobacco drying system was established. The opening width effect of V type metal cavity absorber was investigated. A cut tobacco drying mathematical model calculated by fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical solution method was used to simulate the cut tobacco drying process. And finally the orthogonal test method was used to optimize the parameters of cut tobacco drying process. The result shows that the heating rate, acquisition factor, and collector system efficiency increase with increasing the opening width of the absorber. The simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data for cut tobacco drying process. The relative errors between simulated and experimental values are less than 8%, indicating that this mathematical model is accurate for the cut tobacco airflow drying process. The optimum preparation conditions are an inlet airflow velocity of 15 m/s, an initial cut tobacco moisture content of 26%, and an inlet airflow temperature of 200°C. The thermal efficiency of the dryer and the final cut tobacco moisture content are 66.32% and 14.15%, respectively. The result shows that this parabolic trough concentrating solar heating will be one of the heat recourse candidates for cut tobacco drying system.

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